DISS 1ST Q. WEEK 1.pptx

DISCIPLINE AND
IDEAS IN THE
SOCIAL SCIENCES
1ST QUARTER WEEK 1

Quarter 1 - Module 1:
•
Nature and Functions of
Social Science Disciplines
with the Natural Sciences

• Society is the place where social interactions and
the human relationship with his/her environment
happens. On the other hand, humans are the prime
movers of interactions, and they cause changes
that occur in our society. Because of human
eagerness to explain what is happening in the
world, it resulted in the birth of the three major
divisions of sciences: the social sciences, natural
sciences, and humanities. These sciences are
interrelated with the common primary goal to
explain how man is influenced by society and how
society is shaped by man.

• 1. Natural Science – any of the sciences (such as physics, chemistry,
or biology) that deal with matter, energy, and their interrelations and
transformations or with objectively measurable phenomena
• 2. Science - knowledge or a system of knowledge covering general
truths or the operation of general laws especially as obtained and
tested through scientific method
• 3. Social Science – a branch of science that deals with the institutions
and functioning of human society and with the interpersonal
relationships of individuals as members of society.

SOCIAL SCIENCE AS A DISCIPLINE: AN INTRODUCTION
The human quest to search the truth and investigate
phenomena to satisfy human curiosity and maximize our
existence is the primary reason why we continue in our
journey to broaden our knowledge and understanding about
the world and humans. With this, man is inclined to
organize a system of knowledge that will study general
truths or the operation of general laws especially as
obtained and tested through a scientific method or what we
call science (Merriam-Webster).

•Science establishes truths and laws through
scientific methods such as investigation, inquiry,
experimentation, and observation that combine into
research. Its cover is comprehensive that is why it
is divided into three major sub-branches of
knowledge or academic disciplines: social
sciences, natural sciences, and humanities.
These three branches of science are interrelated
and helping each other to discuss the nature and
function of different sciences, which is a very
essential part of the academic disciplines of the
world and humans.

WEEK 1 LESSON 1 – NATURE AND FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AS A
DISCIPLINE
A. General Concepts and Historical Background
Social Science is an academic discipline and a
branch of science that deals with the institutions
and functioning of human society and with the
interpersonal relationships of individuals as
members of society (Merriam-Webster).

SOCIAL SCIENCE
It started during the Age of Enlightenment between the 17th to
19th centuries. This period is also known as the “Age of Reason,”
which was an intellectual and philosophical movement that
began in Europe. Social science was merely taught as a natural
philosophy, but later on, when the Age of Revolutions began,
specifically the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution
in Europe, it was conceptualized as moral philosophy and then
as science which was experimental or applied that focused on
the systematic knowledge-bases or prescriptive practices,
relating to the social improvement of a group of interacting
entities.

SOCIAL SCIENCE
There was extensive growth of social science in the 18th
century. Pioneers during that time were Denis Diderot,
Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Auguste Comte, who
emphasized social science as a distinct conceptual field
and reflected in other specialized encyclopedias. Later on,
the discipline was influenced by “positivism,” focusing on
knowledge based on actual positive sense experience and
avoiding the negative and metaphysical speculation. It was
Auguste Comte, who used first the term “science sociale”
taken from the idea of Charles Fourier, and he also called it
“social physics.”

SOCIAL SCIENCE
Furthermore, during this period, the concept of social sciences became
established in the five (5) paths of development influenced by Comte in
other fields. First, the rise of social research and extensive statistical
surveys were undertaken in various parts of Europe and the United
States. Second, a route initiated by Emile Durkheim about “social facts”
and Vilfredo Pareto introduced the metatheoretical ideas and individual
theories. Third, the rise of methodological dichotomy became present,
and the social phenomena were identified and understood because of
Max Weber. Fourth, the development of economic knowledge and
concept was also introduced. Last was that the correlation of
knowledge and social values prospered, and the theory became
description and prescription avoided the overlapping discussions of a
subject.

SOCIAL SCIENCE
the 20th century, the concept of social sciences
became interdisciplinary, cross-disciplinary, and
quantitative in methodology. Applied mathematics
and statistics were used during this time. Later on,
social sciences influenced the field of natural
sciences and adopted the qualitative method.
There was an increase in the quantitative research
and qualitative approach because the two were
integrated into the study of human action and its
implications and consequences.

SOCIAL SCIENCE
•In the contemporary period, social science
became the source and center for research
and data. There was an emergence of new
theories because of different research
methodologies used. Two social scientists
were influenced by this, and these were Karl
Popper and Talcott Parson.

SOCIAL SCIENCE
Generally, the term “social science”
may refer to the specific “sciences of
society” established by scholars such
as Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim,
Karl Marx, and Max Weber. Disciplines
outside of “noble science” and “arts”
recognized this academic discipline and
branch of science.

B. Branches
Social Science is an academic discipline that
focuses on the relationships of institutions, the
function of a person in society, and other members
of society. Consequently, social sciences have
several sub-disciplines or branches that can explain
different fields and disciplines. Here are some of the
known branches of social sciences: anthropology,
communication studies, economics, education,
geography, history, law, linguistics, political
science, psychology, and sociology.

The following are the salient points of the
different branches of social sciences:

LESSON 2 - NATURE AND FUNCTION OF SOCIAL
SCIENCES WITH THE NATURAL SCIENCES
A. General Concepts and Historical Background
Since the beginning, humans have always been curious about what
is happening in themselves and their environment. Many theories
and laws explain the different phenomena and changes in our
bodies, environment, society, and the world. Early people sought to
explain these phenomena through mythology. The advancement of
science and technology has proven to examine the natural
causation of things and thus has debunked numerous
superstitions and mythical beliefs. However, not all people are
informed, and some still believe in the unseen as the clash
between scientific, mythological, and religious views are going on.

NATURAL SCIENCE
Natural Science and Social Science are related and integrated
into one another and work hand in hand in explaining the
concurrent and existing theories and change Natural Science and
Social Science are related and integrated into one another and
work hand in hand in explaining the concurrent and existing
theories and changes happening in humans, the environment,
society, and the world as a es happening in humans, the
environment, society, and the world as a whole. Because man,
environment, humanities, and society cannot be studied using one
discipline of science alone, their collaboration makes the
understanding of the man and the world relevant and complete.

NATURAL SCIENCE
To analyze how natural science developed
through time, let us take a glance at its
historical background. It is divided into six
(6) periods: ancient times, Aristotelian
natural philosophy, medieval natural
philosophy, Newton and the scientific
revolution, 19th-century developments, and
modern natural science.

The following are brief discussion and salient points on the historical
background of natural science as an academic discipline:

B. Branches
Natural Science is divided into two (2) major branches, which
are the Life Sciences (Biological Sciences) and Physical
Sciences. Life science is a branch of science that deals with
the scientific study of life and organisms, such as
microorganisms, plants, animals, and human beings. Some of
the primary sub-branches of it are anatomy, biology, botany,
genetics, and zoology. On the other hand, Physical science is
a branch of natural science that deals with the study of non-
living systems. Some of the primary sub-branches of it are
Astronomy, Chemistry, Earth Science, and Physics.

The following are the salient points of the
different branches of natural sciences:

QUIZ NO. 1
Identify the following
branches below if it is
Natural Sciences or Social
Sciences.

QUIZ NO. 1
Identify the following branches below if it is Natural Sciences or Social Sciences.
1. Communication
Studies

QUIZ NO. 1
Identify the following branches below if it is Natural Sciences or Social Science
2. Education

QUIZ NO. 1
3. Anthropology

QUIZ NO. 1
4. Economics

QUIZ NO. 1
5. Psychology

QUIZ NO. 1
6. Earth Science

QUIZ NO. 1
7. Anatomy

QUIZ NO. 1
8. Physics

QUIZ NO. 1
9. Chemistry

QUIZ NO. 1
10. Astronomy

DISS 1ST Q. WEEK 1.pptx

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