This document discusses bovine abomasal displacement (AD), which refers to the abnormal repositioning of the cow's abomasum from its normal anatomical position. It defines the two main types as left displacement abomasum (LDA), which accounts for 90% of cases, and right displacement abomasum (RDA), which accounts for 10% of cases. The document outlines predisposing factors for AD like high milk production, diet changes, and stress. It also describes clinical signs like anorexia and abdominal pain. The document provides details on diagnosing AD through abdominal auscultation and percussion. It discusses both medical and surgical treatment options.

1. ‫الرحمن‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫بسم‬
‫الرحيم‬
IN THE NAME OF ALLAH THE MOST
MERCIFULL THE ESPECIALLY
MERCIFULL

2. Topic: Bovine Abomasal Displacement
By: Dr Ahmed Jama Mohamed (Buuc)

3. TOPIC OUTLINE
 Definition of bovine abomasal displacement (AD)
 Normal anatomical position of abomasum
 Types of (AD)
 Predisposing factors of (AD)
 Clinical signs of (AD)
 Treatment of (AD)

4. DEFINATION
 Is a sporadic disorder usually associated with dairy cows
in early lactation but the condition can occur in any
stage of lactation.
 Refers to repositioning of abomasum from the right
ventral abdominal wall.

5. Abomasum
 The word abomasum is from Latin and it means :
Ab= ox
Omasum= intestine
 The abomasum also known as the maw, rennet-bag, reed
tripe or true stomach.

6. Normal anatomical position of abomasum
● The abomasum normally
lies ventral to the rumen
suspended loosely by the
greater and lesser omenta.

7. Greater and lesser omentum

8. Types of abomasal displacement
 There are Two types of abomasal displacement :
1. Left displacement abomasum (LDA) 90%
2. Right displacement abomasum (RDA) 10%

9. LEFT DISPLACEMENT ABOMASUM (LDA)
 Left displacement of the abomasum accounts for 80-90%
of all displacements and most common in early lactation.
 It occurs when the abomasum moves to the left of its
normal position, becoming trapped between the rumen
and the left abdominal wall.
 Stretching results in constriction of the entrance to and
exit from the abomasum and it fills with gas.

11. RIGHT DISPLACEMENT ABOMASUM (RDA)
 In the case of right displacement the abomasum
abomasum moves up the right abdominal wall and
becomes trapped above the omasum.
 Constriction of the outflow from the abomasum results in
accumulation of fluid and gas.
 Right displacement is more serious condition than Left
displacement and recovery rates are lower, but the LD is
the most presentation

12. PREDISPOSING FACTORS OF (AD)
 High production dairy cows
 High concentrate diet
 Insufficient crude fiber & roughage
 Post-partum or after calving
 Hypocalcaemia

13. CONTINUE…
 Stress/concurrent disease (950-60% cows) e.g. ketosis,
metritis & severe mastitis
 Electrolyte disturbance
 Lack of exercise/confinement
 Over condition/fat/ large animal size
 Abomasal atony

14. CLINICAL SIGNS OF (AD)
 Anorexia
 Fecal output
 Rumen motility
 Milk production
 Secondary ketosis is observed

15. CONTINUE…
 The most important physical
finding is a ping (between ribs 9
and13 ) on simultaneous
auscultation and percussion of
the abdomen, which should be
performed in the area marked by
imaginary line from the tuber
coxae to the point of the elbow,
and from elbow toward the stifle.

18. CORRECT METHOD TO ELICIT A PING
 Stethoscope placed in the
intercostal space.
 Thumb and forefinger are
snapped while moving
stethoscope around.

19. VIDEO THE PING SOUND OF ABOMASUM

20. TREATMENT OF (AD)
 Medical techniques:
1. Cast in right lateral recumbency
2. Roll into dorsal recumbency/shake legs
3. Roll over to left lateral recumbency/ stand
 Note: recurrence is very likely.

21. Continue…
 Surgical techniques :
1. right paralumbar fossa omentopexy
2. left paralumbar fossa abomasopexy
3. right paramedian abomasopexy
4. percutaneous abomasopexy

23. Continue…
 Fluid therapy:
1. Balanced electrolyte (8L) solution administrated rapidly
2. 150 g of sodium chloride and 30 g of potassium
chloride dissolved in 10 L of water.

24. Conclusion
 Displaced abomasum are one of the most common
reasons for surgery on dairy cows, and whilst most
animals will respond well to treatment it should be the
ultimate goal of producers to minimize their occurrence.
 Left displaced abomasum is most commonly seen in the
first month after calving and by ensuring appropriate
feeding during this period is possible to reduce the
chance of them occurring.