Disinfection and sterlization
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The document discusses the principles and methods of disinfection. It describes various disinfectants like phenols, sodium hypochlorite, glutaraldehyde, ortho-phthalaldehyde, and their applications. Disinfectants like ethanol, isopropanol, quaternary ammonium compounds and hydrogen peroxide are used for hand and surface disinfection. Formaldehyde and iodine are also discussed as disinfectants used for instruments, surfaces, and skin preparation. The document covers Spaulding's classification of disinfection and mentions that pasteurization is a form of high level disinfection using hot water treatment.
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This document provides information on sterilization methods used in agricultural sciences. It discusses both physical and chemical sterilization techniques. The physical methods covered are dry heat sterilization using hot air ovens, moist heat sterilization using autoclaves, and radiation sterilization using UV light or gamma rays. The chemical methods discussed are sodium hypochlorite, ethanol, mercuric chloride, formaldehyde, and hydrogen peroxide. Autoclaving at 121°C for 30-60 minutes is described as the most common moist heat sterilization technique. Both physical and chemical sterilization methods aim to denature proteins, damage cell membranes, or disrupt DNA/RNA to kill microorganisms.
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This document provides information on sterilization methods used in agricultural sciences. It discusses both physical and chemical sterilization techniques. The physical methods covered are dry heat sterilization using hot air ovens, moist heat sterilization using autoclaves, and radiation sterilization using UV light or gamma rays. The chemical methods discussed are sodium hypochlorite, ethanol, mercuric chloride, formaldehyde, and hydrogen peroxide. Autoclaving at 121°C for 30-60 minutes is described as the most common moist heat sterilization technique. Both physical and chemical sterilization methods aim to kill microorganisms through damaging cellular proteins and structures.
Disinfection ppt.pptx
This document discusses the history and methods of disinfection. It begins with key figures in the development of disinfection practices like Louis Pasteur, Joseph Lister, and Ignaz Semmelweis. It then covers various classifications of items based on disinfection needs, factors affecting disinfection effectiveness, ideal properties of disinfectants, and common sites of action. The document concludes by describing several physical (e.g. cleaning, heat) and chemical (e.g. phenols, alcohols, halogens) methods used for disinfection.
Sterilisation protocol during prosthodontic treatment
This document discusses infection control procedures for prosthodontics. It begins with an introduction and provides background on the history of infection control and sterilization. It then defines key terms like disinfection and sterilization. The document outlines recommended patient care items, levels of disinfection, and sterilization methods like steam autoclaving. It also discusses instrument processing and specific infection control procedures for dental offices and laboratories. Throughout, it provides examples of common pathogens and recommended protocols to prevent disease transmission during prosthodontic treatments.
Sterlization
This document discusses sterilization and disinfection in dentistry. It defines sterilization as killing all microorganisms, including bacterial spores, while disinfection only eliminates most pathogens. It describes various sterilization methods like steam, dry heat, radiation, filtration and chemicals. Moist heat sterilization using an autoclave at 121.5°C for 15-30 minutes is the most reliable method. Proper cleaning and packaging of instruments before sterilization is also covered. The document emphasizes the importance of sterility assurance through various indicators to ensure the sterilization process was successful.
Sterilization and disinfection
The document discusses infection control in dentistry. It defines key terms like infection, infection control, cleaning, disinfection, sterilization etc. It describes standard precautions like using barriers during procedures. Modes of disease transmission and classification of instruments are covered. The sterilization methods of autoclaving, dry heat and chemical vapor are summarized. Disinfection methods and agents are also outlined along with protocols for processing instruments and sterilizing the dental chair between patients.
Dental infection control
The document discusses infection control procedures for dental clinics. It recommends using protective barriers or cleaning and disinfection on high-touch surfaces between patients to prevent cross-contamination. Floors and walls should be cleaned daily or weekly using a detergent first, followed by a suitable disinfectant like sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide. The disinfectant chosen should be effective, compatible with surfaces and monitoring, easy to use, and cost-effective.
Sterilization methods and principles
This document discusses various methods of sterilization that are important in pharmaceutical applications. It describes heat sterilization methods including moist heat using steam and dry heat. Other methods discussed are gaseous sterilization using ethylene oxide or formaldehyde, liquid sterilization using peracetic acid or hydrogen peroxide, radiation sterilization using gamma rays or UV light, and filtration sterilization using membrane filters. Tests for sterility including membrane filtration and direct transfer methods are also summarized along with considerations for evaluating sterilization methods.
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Disinfection and sterlization
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- 23. Used as a rinse in wounds, scrapes and abrasions. it acts by damaging the cellular components. used to disinfect contact lenses, utensils, heat sensitive plastics and food processing equipments. suitable for disinfecting surfaces of safety cabinets, rooms and delicate instruments. anaerobic bacteria are susceptible to hydrogen peroxide because of the sudden release of oxygen.
- 24. OTHERS: Pasteurization is a form of disinfection Pasteurization is a high level disinfection (HLD) process using hot water at a temperature of 75°C, for a contact time for 30 minutes or longer.
- 26. Spaulding’s classification for levels of disinfection:
- 28. Disinfectant Application Phenols Surface disinfection, 1% used Sodium hypochlorite Water and surface disinfection Glutaraldehyde Glutaraldehyde in 2% solution is used for sterlizing equipment that cannot be autoclaved. Eg. Cystoscopes, endoscopes, dialyzers, transducer,ET tubes etc. Ortho-phthalaldehyde Used as a replacement for glutaraldehyde as it is non toxic. Cresols Used for infected glassware, cleaning floors, disinfecting excreta, available as lysol. Chlorhexidine or hibitane Treating wounds and preoperative preparation of wounds. Available as savlon (5ml in 100ml water) and cetrimide. Chloroxylenol Active ingredient of dettol and act as antiseptic. Types of disinfectant used:
- 29. Disinfectant Application Ethanol and isopropanol Used as hand wipes Quaternary ammonium compounds Hand disinfection in out-patient clinics. Low level disinfectant. Hydrogen peroxide In >6% solution it is used to disinfect operation theatre. Formaldehyde -10% formalin for cleaning metal instruments. -40% formalin for disinfection of instruments, furniture, fiber, leather, for preparation of toxoids, killing bacterial culture and suspension for fungi and tubercle bacilli. - In gaseous form for heat sensitive catheters, fumigation Iodine 2% solution (tincture of iodine) applied on skin before surgery. - Iodophor used on burns, boils, ulcers, surgical swabs, preoperative skin preparation. Betadine Bactericidal antiseptic for intact skin and superficial wounds.
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