Discussion 1 Preparation for collective bargaining involves four steps. Pick a step to discuss and describe what happens in this step. Which of the steps do you think is the most important and why? What would happen if you eliminated one of the steps? Why? Present your views in approximately 250 words in your initial discussion post.  Respond to at least two of your peers’ posts.  Utilize the course text, weekly lecture, and at least one other scholarly source. Remember to properly cite your sources. Discussion 2 What are the major differences between negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and litigation? Make a chart showing each one’s advantages and disadvantages and justify why and when you would use each one. Present your views in approximately 250 words in your initial discussion post.  Respond to at least two of your peers’ posts.  Utilize the course text, weekly lecture, and at least one other scholarly source. Remember to properly cite your sources. Assignment Cost of Living The City of St. Albans has a unionized police force that is coming up for a contract renewal. The police have one issue: the cost of living increases. During the past 10 years, police officers have received minimal cost of living increases, and this time they want to match what other police forces are making. They claim that their salaries are below the national level. The incoming new police hire earns a salary of $48,200. Using the websites provided in the research section, prepare data and an argument on behalf of the police officers to support their position. (from textbook.) This assignment will be written as a PowerPoint slide show presentation (PowerPoint Tips). Approach it as if you are giving the presentation to governing board of the City of Albans. You are trying to persuade the board that the police officers need a raise.Your proposal should be: · 8-10 power point slides · The note section of the slides should be used to explain the slides. · At least two recent and credible sources in addition to the textbook must be used. · All sources must be cited using APA formatting. · Charts, tables, graphs, etc., may be used. · The first slide should be a title slide. · The last slide should be a reference list. Criteria to get all points for assignment Total Possible Score: 10.00 Creates a PowerPoint Presentation Arguing on Behalf of the Police Officers Supporting Their Need for a Cost of Living Increase Total: 8.00 Distinguished - Creates a comprehensive PowerPoint presentation arguing on behalf of the police officers supporting their need for a cost of living increase. Includes a detailed notes section to explain the slides and uses appropriate charts, tables, and/or graphs substantiate the argument. Proficient - Creates a PowerPoint presentation arguing on behalf of the police officers supporting their need for a cost of living increase. Includes a notes section to explain the slides and uses charts, tables, and/or graphs substantiate the argument. Mi.

1. Discussion 1
Preparation for collective bargaining involves four steps. Pick a
step to discuss and describe what happens in this step. Which of
the steps do you think is the most important and why? What
would happen if you eliminated one of the steps? Why?
Present your views in approximately 250 words in your initial
discussion post. Respond to at least two of your peers’ posts.
Utilize the course text, weekly lecture, and at least one other
scholarly source. Remember to properly cite your sources.
Discussion 2
What are the major differences between negotiation, mediation,
arbitration, and litigation? Make a chart showing each one’s
advantages and disadvantages and justify why and when you
would use each one.
Present your views in approximately 250 words in your initial
discussion post. Respond to at least two of your peers’ posts.
Utilize the course text, weekly lecture, and at least one other
scholarly source. Remember to properly cite your sources.
Assignment
Cost of Living
The City of St. Albans has a unionized police force that is
coming up for a contract renewal. The police have one issue:
the cost of living increases. During the past 10 years, police
officers have received minimal cost of living increases, and this
time they want to match what other police forces are making.
They claim that their salaries are below the national level. The
incoming new police hire earns a salary of $48,200. Using the
websites provided in the research section, prepare data and an

2. argument on behalf of the police officers to support their
position. (from textbook.)
This assignment will be written as a PowerPoint slide show
presentation (PowerPoint Tips). Approach it as if you are giving
the presentation to governing board of the City of Albans. You
are trying to persuade the board that the police officers need a
raise.Your proposal should be:
· 8-10 power point slides
· The note section of the slides should be used to explain the
slides.
· At least two recent and credible sources in addition to the
textbook must be used.
· All sources must be cited using APA formatting.
· Charts, tables, graphs, etc., may be used.
· The first slide should be a title slide.
· The last slide should be a reference list.
Criteria to get all points for assignment
Total Possible Score: 10.00
Creates a PowerPoint Presentation Arguing on Behalf of the
Police Officers Supporting Their Need for a Cost of Living
Increase
Total: 8.00
Distinguished - Creates a comprehensive PowerPoint
presentation arguing on behalf of the police officers supporting
their need for a cost of living increase. Includes a detailed notes
section to explain the slides and uses appropriate charts, tables,
and/or graphs substantiate the argument.
Proficient - Creates a PowerPoint presentation arguing on
behalf of the police officers supporting their need for a cost of
living increase. Includes a notes section to explain the slides
and uses charts, tables, and/or graphs substantiate the argument.
Minor details are missing.
Basic - Creates a limited PowerPoint presentation arguing on
behalf of the police officers supporting their need for a cost of
living increase. Includes a partial notes section to explain the

3. slides and uses somewhat appropriate charts, tables, and/or
graphs substantiate the argument. Relevant details are missing.
Below Expectations - Attempts to create a PowerPoint
presentation arguing on behalf of the police officers supporting
their need for a cost of living increase; however, does not
include a notes section to explain the slides, does not use
appropriate charts, tables, and/or graphs substantiate the
argument, and/or significant details are missing.
Non-Performance - The PowerPoint presentation arguing on
behalf of the police officers supporting their need for a cost of
living increase is either nonexistent or lacks the components
described in the assignment instructions.
Critical Thinking: Explanation of Issues
Total: 0.60
Distinguished - Clearly and comprehensively explains the issue
to be considered, delivering all relevant information necessary
for a full understanding.
Proficient - Clearly explains the issue to be considered,
delivering enough relevant information for an adequate
understanding.
Basic - Briefly explains the issue to be considered, delivering
minimal information for a basic understanding.
Below Expectations - Briefly explains the issue to be
considered, but may not deliver additional information
necessary for a basic understanding.
Non-Performance - The assignment is either nonexistent or
lacks the components described in the instructions.
Critical Thinking: Conclusions and Related Outcomes
Total: 0.60
Distinguished - Conclusions and related outcomes are logical
and clearly reflect an informed evaluation and the ability to
place evidence and perspectives discussed in priority order.
Proficient - Conclusions and related outcomes are logical and
reflect an informed evaluation and the ability to place evidence

4. and perspectives discussed in priority order.
Basic - Conclusions and related outcomes are identified and
minimally reflect an informed evaluation and the ability to
place evidence and perspectives discussed in priority order.
Below Expectations - Conclusions and related outcomes are not
logical or reflective of an informed evaluation and the ability to
place evidence and perspectives discussed in priority order.
Non-Performance - The assignment is either nonexistent or
lacks the components described in the instructions.
Written Communication: Control of Syntax and Mechanics
Total: 0.20
Distinguished - Displays meticulous comprehension and
organization of syntax and mechanics, such as spelling and
grammar. Written work contains no errors and is very easy to
understand.
Proficient - Displays comprehension and organization of syntax
and mechanics, such as spelling and grammar. Written work
contains only a few minor errors and is mostly easy to
understand.
Basic - Displays basic comprehension of syntax and mechanics,
such as spelling and grammar. Written work contains a few
errors which may slightly distract the reader.
Below Expectations - Fails to display basic comprehension of
syntax or mechanics, such as spelling and grammar. Written
work contains major errors which distract the reader.
Non-Performance - The assignment is either nonexistent or
lacks the components described in the instructions.
Written Communication: APA Formatting
Total: 0.20
Distinguished - Accurately uses APA formatting consistently
throughout the paper, title page, and reference page.
Proficient - Exhibits APA formatting throughout the paper.
However, layout contains a few minor errors.
Basic - Exhibits limited knowledge of APA formatting

5. throughout the paper. However, layout does not meet all APA
requirements.
Below Expectations - Fails to exhibit basic knowledge of APA
formatting. There are frequent errors, making the layout
difficult to distinguish as APA.
Non-Performance - The assignment is either nonexistent or
lacks the components described in the instructions.
Written Communication: Page Requirement
Total: 0.20
Distinguished - The length of the paper is equivalent to the
required number of correctly formatted pages.
Proficient - The length of the paper is nearly equivalent to the
required number of correctly formatted pages.
Basic - The length of the paper is equivalent to at least three
quarters of the required number of correctly formatted pages.
Below Expectations - The length of the paper is equivalent to at
least one half of the required number of correctly formatted
pages.
Non-Performance - The assignment is either nonexistent or
lacks the components described in the instructions.
Written Communication: Resource Requirement
Total: 0.20
Distinguished - Uses more than the required number of
scholarly sources, providing compelling evidence to support
ideas. All sources on the reference page are used and cited
correctly within the body of the assignment.
Proficient - Uses the required number of scholarly sources to
support ideas. All sources on the reference page are used and
cited correctly within the body of the assignment.
Basic - Uses less than the required number of sources to support
ideas. Some sources may not be scholarly. Most sources on the
reference page are used within the body of the assignment.
Citations may not be formatted correctly.
Below Expectations - Uses an inadequate number of sources

6. that provide little or no support for ideas. Sources used may not
be scholarly. Most sources on the reference page are not used
within the body of the assignment. Citations are not formatted
correctly.
Non-Performance - The assignment is either nonexistent or
lacks the components described in the instructions.
Weekly lecture:
Week Four Lecture
Collective Bargaining
Collective Bargaining is the negotiation of wages and various
working conditions of employment by an organized group of
employees. This organized group is often a labor union. Two
important terms to remember in collective bargaining are labor
relations and collective bargaining agreement. Labor relations is
any activity between management and unions or employees
concerning the negotiation or implementation of a collective
bargaining agreement. The collective bargaining agreement is a
written and signed document between an employer entity and a
labor organization specifying the terms and conditions of
employment for a specified period of time (Carrell, M., &
Heavrin, 2013).
The exact process chosen to follow during a negotiation
depends on past history, individual skills, and negotiating
styles. The first step in the negotiation process is the opening
statement or session. During this session three key concepts
should be covered:
1. Big picture
2. Ground rules
3. Key issues
The box below offers an explanation of each of these terms.
(Carrell, M., & Heavrin, 2013)

7. Some of the ground rules that need to be established during the
negotiation are often referred to as the 5 Ws. The 5 Ws are:
1. Who will speak for each party?
2. Where will the negotiation meetings take place?
3. When, and how often and long, will the negotiating parties
meet?
4. How will formal proposals and response be made?
5. What form of agreement will be acceptable for both parties? (
McCorey, 2006).
Once these ground rules have been established, the parties
involved in the negotiation need to discuss the key issues that
will lead to a settlement of the case. See box above for common
key issues involved in negotiations.
Collective bargaining usually involves one of two strategic
approaches. The first approach is the distributive approach
which is typically used when the situation lends to dividing up
resources. This approach is used when there is a fixed amount
of resources and whatever one party gains, the other party loses
(Thakur, 2011). This type of approach is typically used in every
day situations such as when a customer makes a major purchase,
like a car. In the business world a good example of a time to use
this approach would be allocating new equipment across an
organization. While each department will vie for as much of the
new equipment as possible, the equipment will be divided based
on the negotiation.
The second strategic approach to collective bargaining is called
the integrative approach. The integrative approach is more
about cooperation. This approach is utilized when there is a
possibility to produce a greater outcome when the parties work
together vs. on their own (Thakur, 2011). In everyday life this
approach is often used to negotiate within families or with
business partners. For example, an organization may need
another company’s resources and will bargain to which an
agreement is decided on such issues as cost and time allotted.

8. When considering which approach might be best for a given
collective bargaining situation, both parties should review
information, timing and power position, the specifics to be
negotiated, the people or parties involved, and the general
context of the negotiations (Carrell, M., & Heavrin, 2013). It is
important for negotiators to keep in mind that the strategy for
each negotiation may be different.
Within the negotiation realm, there are a host of issues with
ethical vs. unethical bargaining tactics. Professional and
competitive negotiators often use tactics that are viewed by
others as unethical or that violate the perceived rules of
negotiation. Please note that while there are clear violations or
unethical practices that may be used in negotiations, there is
also a “gray” area in that the perception of unethical behavior
does not always dictate that the negotiator has behaved
inappropriately. The table below offers some insight to ethical
vs. unethical bargaining tactics.
Ethical and Unethical Bargaining Tactics
Pros and Cons of Collective Bargaining video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rZEJCR7HaLoForbes
School of Business Faculty
References:
Carrell, M., & Heavrin, C. (2013). Labor relations and
collective bargaining: Private and public sectors (10th ed.).
Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson.
McCorey, D. (2006, October 26). Self-reinvention: Becoming
your own boss. The Ultimate Corporate Entrepreneur. Retrieved
from http://thecorporateentrepreneur.typepad.com/

9. Thakur, S. (2011, April 15). Difference between distributive
and integrative negotiation strategies. Bright Hub PM.
Retrieved from http://www.brighthubpm.com/methods-
strategies/114091-comparing-distributive-and-integrative-
negotiation-strategies/