The document summarizes the digestion mechanism of various nutrients in poultry. It describes that digestion involves mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into smaller components that can be absorbed. It then discusses the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and the roles of the digestive system and accessory glands. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, proteins into amino acids, and fats into fatty acids in the small intestine through enzymatic actions. The digestive system includes the mouth, esophagus, crop, proventriculus, gizzard, small intestine, caeca, large intestine, and cloaca. Accessory glands include the salivary glands, pancreas and liver.
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1. DIGESTION MECHANISM OF
VARIOUS NUTRIENTS IN POULTRY
Submitted to: Dr. Zahid Kamran
Presented by: G roup No. 4
Roll No. 32,33,34,35,36,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,46 & 47
2. Digestion
•Mechanical and chemical breaking
down
•food into smaller components
•to a form that can be absorbed, for
instance, into a blood stream
3. Responsible for the breakdown of complex
non absorbable components like;
Digestive system
Carbohydrate
Glucose
Fats
Fatty acids
Protein
Amino acids
4.
5. Digestive system is divided into following
parts
Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Crop
Proventriculus Gizzard Small intestine Caeca
Large intestine Cloaca Vent
6. • Saliva and digestive enzymes are added
• Does not have teeth to chew its feed
Mouth
• Common passage way for feed and air
• It is divided into two parts: Esophagus; Larynx
Pharynx
• Transports food from the mouth to the stomach
• Major secretion is mucous
Esophagus
7. • Responsible for the storage of feed
• Little digestion with salivary amylase
Crop
• Glandular stomach or true stomach
• Responsible for the production of gastric juice
PROVENTRICULUS
•Muscular Stomach or Ventriculus
•Crushing and grinding the feed particle
Gizzard
8. • 3 parts. 1-Duodenum 2-Jejunum 3-Ileum
• Digestion by intestinal juice, pancreatic juice & bile
Small
intestine
• 2 blind pouches b/w small intestine & large intestine
• Digestion with the help of bacterial action
Caeca
• Smaller as compared to small intestine and
caecum
• Maintain water balance by water absorption.
Large
Intestine
9. •Bulbous/enlarged area located at
the end of large intestine
•Common sewer
Cloaca
•External opening of the cloaca
•Its size is variable
Vent
11. Salivary
glands
Production
of saliva
Secretions
ranges from 7
to 25 ml
Pancreas
Produces a
pancreatic juice
Proteolytic
Lipolytic
CH2O splitting
Nucleolytic
Liver
Detoxification
Store house
Activates and
inactivates protein
& peptide hormone
16. Digestion Mechanism of Carbohydrates
.
• Amylase enzyme which initiates starch digestion
• Mostly digestion occur in jejunum
.
• Alpha amylase hydrolysed 1,4 linkages on both sides
• Maltose is cleaved by maltase and isomaltase
.
• Sucrase hydrolyses sucrose
• Milk derived CH2O are hydrolysed by lactase to glucose and glactose
17. Gross Energy digestible energy metabolizable
energy of starch and sugars
Carbohydrate Gross Digestible Metabolizable
Starch 3750 3550 3350
Glucose 3430 3400 3330
Maltose 3600 3390 3250
Fructose 3000 2875 2750
Sucrose 3950 3875 3750
19. Digestion Mechanism of Proteins
No digestion in mouth & Proventriculus is 1st
site
HCL & Pepsin play major role in digestion
Proventriculus & gizzard major sites
20. Must be
denatured
3D
structure of protein
Is broken into single
structure
Most protein in
the feed are
quite resistant to
attack by
enzymes
23. Digestion mechanism of fats and fatty acids
No
hydrolysis in
the upper
elementary
tract
Limited acid
catalysed
hydrolysis in
proventriculus
and gizzard
Digestion &
absorption
usually
occur in
small
intestine
By lipase
24. Digestion mechanism of fats and fatty acids
Secretion from very early age, this activity
increases very rapidly from 1st 3 weeks
Fat digestion is enhanced by emulsification
Bile salts & lipase play major role