Cancer is a chronic disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and the ability to spread to other parts of the body. It is the second leading cause of death worldwide and the fourth in Indonesia, where 30% of cases are related to diet and lifestyle factors. Cancer development is a multistep process involving genetic and environmental risk factors like diet. Nutritional management of cancer patients aims to prevent weight loss and deficiencies through early screening, dietary adjustments tailored to the individual, and addressing symptoms caused by the disease or its treatment.
Evidence-based guidelines for the nutritional management of adult oncology pa...milfamln
Webinar Objectives
1. The participant will be able to discuss the validity of malnutrition screening and nutrition assessment tools and their utilization in clinical oncology settings
2. The participant will be able to better utilize the Nutrition Care Process to provide appropriate and high-quality nutrition care to oncology patients
3. The participant will be able to describe the evidencebased relationships between nutritional status and morbidity and mortality outcomes in oncology
Approximately 35% to 60% of all patients with head and neck cancer are malnourished at the
time of their diagnosis because of tumor burden and obstruction of intake or the anorexia and cachexia
associated with their cancer. The purpose of this presentation is to provide a contemporary review of the
nutritional aspects of care for patients with head and neck cancer.
Learn the basics of Diabetes Prevention, reversal and Management. The Science is clear, follow the five key behavior changes to live a diabetes-free life.
Fishing Clues for the Efficacy of Chemotherapy Role of Fastingijtsrd
This Article is on how Fasting is effective in chemotherapy and how it prevents cancer. Fasting in disease intercept and treatment has recently become a popular topic and fasting is the part of most spiritual tradition in the world. Cell is the basic unit to the human body. Actually these cell division takes normally but due to some disturbance or mutation in cell it lead to cancer or tumor. chemotherapy is used to treat the cancer but it having the side effect. In this article we are describing about how cancer is prevented by fasting by different mechanism like Cellular fasting mechanism, Systemic changes by fasting, Mechanism of killing cancer cells in solid tumors by fasting and Autophagy Mechanism. Dr. C. Nithish | Dr. G. Ajith Kumar | Dr. P. Sravani ""Fishing Clues for the Efficacy of Chemotherapy: Role of Fasting"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23581.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/23581/fishing-clues-for-the-efficacy-of-chemotherapy-role-of-fasting/dr-c-nithish
Evidence-based guidelines for the nutritional management of adult oncology pa...milfamln
Webinar Objectives
1. The participant will be able to discuss the validity of malnutrition screening and nutrition assessment tools and their utilization in clinical oncology settings
2. The participant will be able to better utilize the Nutrition Care Process to provide appropriate and high-quality nutrition care to oncology patients
3. The participant will be able to describe the evidencebased relationships between nutritional status and morbidity and mortality outcomes in oncology
Approximately 35% to 60% of all patients with head and neck cancer are malnourished at the
time of their diagnosis because of tumor burden and obstruction of intake or the anorexia and cachexia
associated with their cancer. The purpose of this presentation is to provide a contemporary review of the
nutritional aspects of care for patients with head and neck cancer.
Learn the basics of Diabetes Prevention, reversal and Management. The Science is clear, follow the five key behavior changes to live a diabetes-free life.
Fishing Clues for the Efficacy of Chemotherapy Role of Fastingijtsrd
This Article is on how Fasting is effective in chemotherapy and how it prevents cancer. Fasting in disease intercept and treatment has recently become a popular topic and fasting is the part of most spiritual tradition in the world. Cell is the basic unit to the human body. Actually these cell division takes normally but due to some disturbance or mutation in cell it lead to cancer or tumor. chemotherapy is used to treat the cancer but it having the side effect. In this article we are describing about how cancer is prevented by fasting by different mechanism like Cellular fasting mechanism, Systemic changes by fasting, Mechanism of killing cancer cells in solid tumors by fasting and Autophagy Mechanism. Dr. C. Nithish | Dr. G. Ajith Kumar | Dr. P. Sravani ""Fishing Clues for the Efficacy of Chemotherapy: Role of Fasting"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23581.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/23581/fishing-clues-for-the-efficacy-of-chemotherapy-role-of-fasting/dr-c-nithish
Intermittent fasting and metabolic syndromefathi neana
Metabolic syndrome reached an epidemic
No Cure by Insulin, Drugs, Low fat diet
Can be cured by Bariatric surgery, Intermittent fasting, Very low carb diet
In Pakistan, the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia in adolescents aged 10–18 years is 21.7~25.2%; prevalence is reported to be two times higher (53.1~56.1%) in obese adolescents. However, few studies have been conducted on the relationship between height and blood lipid concentrations in children and adolescents The recent emphasis on treatment of the dyslipidemia of the metabolic syndrome (hypertriglyceridemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein, and increased small, dense low-density lipoprotein particle number) has compelled practitioners to consider lipid-lowering therapy in a greater number of their patients, as one in two individuals over age 50 has the metabolic syndrome. Individuals with the metabolic syndrome typically have normal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and current lipid-lowering guidelines may underestimate their cardiovascular risk. Two subgroups of patients with the metabolic syndrome are at particularly high risk for premature CAD. One, individuals with type 2 diabetes, accounts for 20-30% of early cardiovascular disease. The second, familial combined hyperlipidemia, accounts for an additional 10-20% of premature CAD. Familial combined hyperlipidemia is characterized by the metabolic syndrome in addition to a disproportionate elevation of apolipoprotein B levels. The measurement of fasting glucose and apolipoprotein B, in addition to the fasting lipid profile, can help to estimate CAD risk in patients with the metabolic syndrome. In this research we compared allopathic medication and medicinal herb in treating hyperlipidemia.
What constitutes "Women's Health" issues? All too often this category is hijacked with conversations related exclusively to sex and breast care. In this revealing conversation we review other topics related to women's health and the relationship to "plant based nutrition" and general preventive strategies
Naturopathic Oncology - Nutritional Treatment - Third in a SeriesSheldon Stein
In this workshop given by Professor Serge Jurasunas, N.D., M.D. (Hom.) on Naturopathic Oncology, covering nutrition, diet and lifestyle, especially after remission or cure, as well as dietary prevention. This workshop was given at the 2008 Anti-Aging World Congress in Paris, France. Even more so these nutritional principles hold true today. Please visit: www.sergejurasunas.com , for more information.
TOP AND BEST GLUTE BUILDER A 606 | Fitking FitnessFitking Fitness
"Feature:
• Intelligent Ergonomically Design Glute Builder Is A Must Have For Those Looking To Target Their Gluteal Muscles And Hamstrings With Precision.
• The Ability To Adjust The Starting Position, This Machine Allows For A More Targeted Workout That Is Tailored To Your Specific Needs.
• Spacious And Supportive Cushioned Seat Provide Added Comfort And Stability During Your Workout."
Get more information visit on:- www.fitking.in
Our mail I.D:-care@fitking.in, fitking.in@gmail.com
Call us at :- 9958880790, 9870336406, 8800695917
Intermittent fasting and metabolic syndromefathi neana
Metabolic syndrome reached an epidemic
No Cure by Insulin, Drugs, Low fat diet
Can be cured by Bariatric surgery, Intermittent fasting, Very low carb diet
In Pakistan, the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia in adolescents aged 10–18 years is 21.7~25.2%; prevalence is reported to be two times higher (53.1~56.1%) in obese adolescents. However, few studies have been conducted on the relationship between height and blood lipid concentrations in children and adolescents The recent emphasis on treatment of the dyslipidemia of the metabolic syndrome (hypertriglyceridemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein, and increased small, dense low-density lipoprotein particle number) has compelled practitioners to consider lipid-lowering therapy in a greater number of their patients, as one in two individuals over age 50 has the metabolic syndrome. Individuals with the metabolic syndrome typically have normal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and current lipid-lowering guidelines may underestimate their cardiovascular risk. Two subgroups of patients with the metabolic syndrome are at particularly high risk for premature CAD. One, individuals with type 2 diabetes, accounts for 20-30% of early cardiovascular disease. The second, familial combined hyperlipidemia, accounts for an additional 10-20% of premature CAD. Familial combined hyperlipidemia is characterized by the metabolic syndrome in addition to a disproportionate elevation of apolipoprotein B levels. The measurement of fasting glucose and apolipoprotein B, in addition to the fasting lipid profile, can help to estimate CAD risk in patients with the metabolic syndrome. In this research we compared allopathic medication and medicinal herb in treating hyperlipidemia.
What constitutes "Women's Health" issues? All too often this category is hijacked with conversations related exclusively to sex and breast care. In this revealing conversation we review other topics related to women's health and the relationship to "plant based nutrition" and general preventive strategies
Naturopathic Oncology - Nutritional Treatment - Third in a SeriesSheldon Stein
In this workshop given by Professor Serge Jurasunas, N.D., M.D. (Hom.) on Naturopathic Oncology, covering nutrition, diet and lifestyle, especially after remission or cure, as well as dietary prevention. This workshop was given at the 2008 Anti-Aging World Congress in Paris, France. Even more so these nutritional principles hold true today. Please visit: www.sergejurasunas.com , for more information.
TOP AND BEST GLUTE BUILDER A 606 | Fitking FitnessFitking Fitness
"Feature:
• Intelligent Ergonomically Design Glute Builder Is A Must Have For Those Looking To Target Their Gluteal Muscles And Hamstrings With Precision.
• The Ability To Adjust The Starting Position, This Machine Allows For A More Targeted Workout That Is Tailored To Your Specific Needs.
• Spacious And Supportive Cushioned Seat Provide Added Comfort And Stability During Your Workout."
Get more information visit on:- www.fitking.in
Our mail I.D:-care@fitking.in, fitking.in@gmail.com
Call us at :- 9958880790, 9870336406, 8800695917
PET CT beginners Guide covers some of the underrepresented topics in PET CTMiadAlsulami
This lecture briefly covers some of the underrepresented topics in Molecular imaging with cases , such as:
- Primary pleural tumors and pleural metastases.
- Distinguishing between MPM and Talc Pleurodesis.
- Urological tumors.
- The role of FDG PET in NET.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
India Diagnostic Labs Market: Dynamics, Key Players, and Industry Projections...Kumar Satyam
According to the TechSci Research report titled “India Diagnostic Labs Market Industry Size, Share, Trends, Competition, Opportunity, and Forecast, 2019-2029,” the India Diagnostic Labs Market was valued at USD 16,471.21 million in 2023 and is projected to grow at an impressive compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.55% through 2029. This significant growth can be attributed to various factors, including collaborations and partnerships among leading companies, the expansion of diagnostic chains, and increasing accessibility to diagnostic services across the country. This comprehensive report delves into the market dynamics, recent trends, drivers, competitive landscape, and benefits of the research report, providing a detailed analysis of the India Diagnostic Labs Market.
Collaborations and Partnerships
Collaborations and partnerships among leading companies play a pivotal role in driving the growth of the India Diagnostic Labs Market. These strategic alliances allow companies to merge their expertise, strengthen their market positions, and offer innovative solutions. By combining resources, companies can enhance their research and development capabilities, expand their product portfolios, and improve their distribution networks. These collaborations also facilitate the sharing of technological advancements and best practices, contributing to the overall growth of the market.
Expansion of Diagnostic Chains
The expansion of diagnostic chains is a driving force behind the growing demand for diagnostic lab services. Diagnostic chains often establish multiple laboratories and diagnostic centers in various cities and regions, including urban and rural areas. This expanded network makes diagnostic services more accessible to a larger portion of the population, addressing healthcare disparities and reaching underserved populations. The presence of diagnostic chain facilities in multiple locations within a city or region provides convenience for patients, reducing travel time and effort. A broader network of labs often leads to reduced waiting times for appointments and sample collection, ensuring that patients receive timely and efficient diagnostic services.
Rising Prevalence of Chronic Diseases
The increasing prevalence of chronic diseases is a significant driver for the demand for diagnostic lab services. Chronic conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer require regular monitoring and diagnostic testing for effective management. The rise in chronic diseases necessitates the use of advanced diagnostic tools and technologies, driving the growth of the diagnostic labs market. Additionally, early diagnosis and timely intervention are crucial for managing chronic diseases, further boosting the demand for diagnostic lab services.
LGBTQ+ Adults: Unique Opportunities and Inclusive Approaches to CareVITASAuthor
This webinar helps clinicians understand the unique healthcare needs of the LGBTQ+ community, primarily in relation to end-of-life care. Topics include social and cultural background and challenges, healthcare disparities, advanced care planning, and strategies for reaching the community and improving quality of care.
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
This document is designed as an introductory to medical students,nursing students,midwives or other healthcare trainees to improve their understanding about how health system in Sri Lanka cares children health.
2. 2
Glossary
CARCINOGEN : Substance that causes cancer.
CARCINOGENESIS : The multistep process (initiation, promotion, and progression) through which
normal cells are transformed into cancer cells.
TUMOR (neoplasm) : Literally means “new growth”; an abnormal mass of tissue, the growth on which
exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of normal tissue.
BENIGN : Describes a cancerous cell or tumor, which does not invade nearby tissue or
spread to other parts of the body.
CANCER : Class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell division and the ability of
these cells to invade other tissues, either by direct growth into adjacent tissue
(invasion) or by migration of cells to distant sites (metastasis).
METASTASIS : Spread of cancer from the primary site to nearby or distant areas through the
blood or lymph.
MALIGNANT : Describes a cancerous cell or tumor, which can injure healthy tissue and spread
cancer to other regions of the body.
3. Cancer
• Classified as a chronic disease (diseases characterized by a
slow progression and long duration)
• A major problem in some developed and developing
countries. It is the second leading cause of death
in the world (after cardiovascular diseases)
• In Indonesia, cancer is the 4th leading cause of
death
• As many as 30% of cancer cases are related to diet
and lifestyle, such as overweight/obesity, low intake
of fruits and vegetables, smoking habits, and alcohol
consumption (WHO, 2012)
3
4. • Cancer is the term that encompasses over 100 different disease types
• Each disease type has its unique characteristics, but all types of
cancer share some common characteristics
4
CANCER
“Dysregulated cell growth control that caused by an interaction of
dietary, genetic, and environmental risk factors”
5. Cancer Prevalence in Indonesia
5
2013
2018
1,4
0.6
0.74
2.2
2.85
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
2013 2018
Men Women
Based on Indonesia Basic Health Research on 2013 and 2018
Permil (‰)
6. Normal Cell Growth
6
• Cells will undergo a proliferation
process according to the body's
needs
• The Stop and Go of the cell
proliferation process is regulated
by :
- Growth Factor
- Density-Dependent Inhibition
- Anchorage-Dependent
Figure 1. Cell Cycle
7. Cancer Cells
7
• The cells proliferate continuously
• Classified as anchorage-independent cells (such as blood cells, cancer cells,
and hybridoma)
Figure 2. Carcinogenesis of Breast Cancer
8. • Cancer cells have gene mutations that turn the normal cells
into cancer cells
• Risk Factors that affect the gene mutations of the cells:
8
Source: M. Hurst. Hurst Reviews: Pathophysiology Review 2008. page 90.
Processed foods
Grilled or scorched foods
Diet HIGH in red meat and
animal saturated fat
Diet LOW in fiber and
antioxidants
10. 10
Cancers Classification:
1. Broadly (by tissue, organ, and system of origin)
▪ Carcinoma → originate from epithelial cells of the skin, GI tract, internal organs, and
other anatomical sites
▪ Sarcoma → derive from muscle, adipose, bone or blood vessels
▪ Lymphoma → originate in the lymphoid tissue
▪ Leukimia → derive from blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow
2. Specific types (histopathological classifications)
Breast cancer, Prostate cancer, Colorectal cancer, etc.
13. 13
Nutritional Concerns:
▪ Reduced and Losses in nutritional intake due to anxiety, depression, pain,
taste change, dry mouth, early satiety, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
▪ Metabolism alterations:
1. Protein
(↑ proteolysis, protein turnover, protein losses; ↓ protein synthesis)
2. Carbohydrate
(↑ glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance)
3. Fat
(↑ lipolysis and fatty acids turnover, ↓ total body fat, and hypertriglyceridemia)
14. 14
Nutritional Concerns:
▪ Reduced digestion and/or absorption in certain types of cancer such as GI
tract cancers
▪ Effects of treatment:
1. Drugs
2. Chemotherapy
a common side effect of chemotherapy is nausea and other gastrointestinal (GI) problems, and
also lead to alopecia (hair loss)
3. Surgery
4. Radiotherapy
16. 16
Cancer Anorexia - Cachexia Syndrome
Decrease in:
- Quality of life
- Survival rate
Increased cost
Healthy Cancer
Patient
17. 17
Nutritional Care for Cancer Patient
✓ Screening for risk of nutritional problems at time of diagnosis
✓ Early nutritional intervention
✓ Prevent or Correct nutritional deficiencies
✓ Minimize weight loss
✓ Nutritional monitoring should continue throughout treatment
18. 18
1. Screening of Nutritional Status
▪ Malnutrition Screening Tools (MST)
▪ Malnutrition Universal Screening Tools (MUST)
▪ Subjective Global Assessment (SGA)
▪ Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)
▪ Nutritional Risk Index (NRI)
▪ Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS)
19. 19
2. Assessment (ABCD) - Anthropometry
▪ Weight
▪ Height
▪ Knee Height
(used to estimated height in bedridden patients)
▪ Body Mass Index
▪ Bodyweight changes in the last 3 months (should
not 10% or above)
23. 23
2. Assessment (ABCD) - Dietary and Disease History
▪ Dietary History
- Dietary pattern
- Allergy
- Avoided foods
- Diet history before admission and during hospitalization
Dietary intake less than 70% requirement for 5 days or more is
considered “INADEQUATE”
24. 24
2. Assessment (ABCD) - Dietary and Disease History
▪ Disease History
- Past and present medical history
- Family medical history
- Surgical and diagnostic procedures
- Drugs and supplements consumption
- Social history (SocHx)
25. 25
3. Nutritional Diagnosis – Intake Domain
▪ Problems (P)
- NI.1.1 Increased energy expenditure
- NI.1.2 Inadequate energy intake
- NI.2.1 Inadequate oral intake
- NI.5.2 Malnutrition
- NI.5.3 Inadequate energy and protein intake
▪ Etiology (E)
Hypermetabolism; Prolonged catabolism; Decreased ability to consume food; Limited food
intake
▪ Signs and Symptoms (S)
Unexpected weight loss; Decreased nutritional status; Weakness; Mucositis; Food intake less
than requirement based on records/observations; Decreased appetite; Anorexia; Nausea;
Vomiting; Diarrhea
26. 26
3. Nutritional Diagnosis – Clinical Domain
▪ Problems (P)
- NC.1.1 Dysphagia (swallowing problem)
- NC.1.2 Difficulty chewing/biting
- NC.3.1 Underweight
- NC.3.2 Unexpected weight loss
▪ Etiology (E)
Inappropriate diet; Lack of energy intake; Increased energy requirement; Decreased ability
to eat food; Malabsorption; Maldigestion; Negative energy balance
▪ Signs and Symptoms (S)
Decreased muscle mass; Decreased nutritional status; Decreased body weight; Low dietary
intake; Anorexia
27. 27
3. Nutritional Diagnosis – Behavioral Domain
▪ Problems (P)
- NB.1.1 Lack of knowledge related to food and nutrition
- NB.2.1 Physical inactivity
- NB.3.1 Unsafe food intake
▪ Etiology (E)
Lack of exposure to accurate nutritional information; Lack of knowledge regarding safe food
for consumption; Lack of knowledge regarding food preparation, storage and processing
▪ Signs and Symptoms (S)
Low nutrition knowledge score, consumption of unsafe and unhealthy food
28. 28
4. Intervention
Provide a balanced diet according to the patient's condition
Prevent and restrain excessive weight loss
Reduces symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
Attempt for healthy attitude and behavior change
29. 29
High Energy High Protein Diet
❑ Cancer Diet Terms :
▪ High energy, 36 kcal/kg body weight/day for men and 32 kcal/ kg body weight/day
for women. If underweight or malnourished, 40 kcal/ kg body weight/day for men
and 36 kcal/ kg body weight/day for women
▪ High protein, 1 – 1.5 g/ kg body weight/day
▪ Adequate fats, 15 – 20% of total energy requirement
▪ Adequate carbohydrate, the remains of the total energy requirement
▪ Adequate vitamin and mineral, especially vitamins A, B complex, C, and E
30. 30
▪ Low iodine, if undergoing internal radioactive medication
▪ If immunity decreases (low leukocyte status) or will undergo aggressive
chemotherapy, sterile food is given
▪ Small but frequent meal portions
▪ Fiber requirements are 40 g/day or equivalent with 5 servings of vegetables and
fruit
▪ The type of diet is adjusted to the patient's condition :
- Disease progression
- Ability to accept food
31. 31
Recommended and Restricted Foods
Food Source Recommended Restricted
Carbohydrate
Rice, porridge, vermicelli, bread, wheat, macaroni,
pasta, corn, potatoes, taro, oatmeal
Avoid those that cause gas, such as sweet potatoes
and cassava
Animal Protein
Eggs, skim milk/low-fat milk, fish, chicken and
poultry
Saturated fatty foods such as innard, full cream milk,
and also especially avoid animal protein sources that
are burned and fried
Vegetable Protein Tempeh, tofu, and lentils -
Vegetable Fresh vegetables
Sayuran yang menimbulkan gas, seperti kol, labu siam,
kembang kol, dan sebagainya
Fruit All kinds of fruit -
Beverage - Strong tea or coffee, soda and alcohol
Others All kinds of spices sufficiently
Fatty foods and the use of thick coconut milk,
preserved food, sharp spices
32. 32
Methods of Dietary Intervention
❑ Oral
Most preferred method whenever possible !!
❑ Enteral
Cancer of alimentary canal; Severe complications/side effects of treatment
- Short term (Nasogastric; Nasoduodenal; Nasojejunal)
- Long term (Percutaneous endoscopic - gastrotomy tube or jenunostomy tube)
❑ Parenteral Caution!! “Do not more than 3 months”
GI obstruction; Severe diarrhea or malabsorption; Severe mucositis/oesophagitis;
Intractable nausea or vomiting
33. 33
Overcoming Eating Problems
▪ Anorexia
- Recommended to eat the liked or accepted foods even if not hungry
- Avoid drinking before eating
- Emphasize that eating is part of the treatment
▪ Dysgeusia
- The food and beverage are served at room temperature or cold
- Add spices to add flavor
- Beverages are given in the fresh form (e.g. fresh juice)
34. 34
Overcoming Eating Problems
▪ Dysphagia
- Drink using a straw
- The food and beverage are served at room temperature or cold
- Food is given in the form of liquid food
- Avoid extremely acidic or salty foods
▪ Xerostomia
- The food and beverage are served at room temperature or cold
- Food is given in the form of liquid food
- Chew candy
35. 35
Overcoming Eating Problems
▪ Nausea and Vomiting
- Give dry foods
- Avoid foods with strong odors
- Avoid high fat foods
- Eat and drink slowly
- Avoid extremely sweet foods and drinks
- Limit fluids intake when eating
- In an upright position after eating
36. 36
Nutrition Education
Nutrition education is carried out for patients and
their families :
- Nutrition tips to help manage cancer treatment side effects
- Recommended meal plans and recipes
- Information about dietary supplements
- Education about how to promote a healthy lifestyle
- How to manage (loss or gain) body weight
37. 37
4. Monitoring and Evaluation
▪ Dietary intake
▪ Drugs and supplements consumption
▪ Nutritional status (e.g. weight, BMI, and weight change)
▪ Biochemistry status
▪ Clinical and physical assessment (e.g. edema, muscle mass, stomatitis,
nausea, vomiting, blood pressure, temperature)
▪ Nutritional knowledge
38. Thank You
"To eat is a necessity, but to eat
intelligently is an art."
– La Rochefoucauld