The document provides a summary of the history of the village of Chrishall in Essex, England. It describes how the village was originally occupied by Billa before the Norman Conquest. It discusses local landmarks and their origins, such as Bilden End, Chalky Lane, and the church. The document also outlines the major landowners in the village over time, from Queen Matilda in the 12th century to the Drage and Kent steam engine works in the early 20th century. Finally, it notes the arrival of utilities like water, electricity, and drainage in the village during the 20th century.

1. Chrishall Museum Presents:
Did you know...
Fascinating Facts about the
village of Chrishall, Essex
© Rosemarie Gant 1999

2. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Local Names
• Before the Norman Conquest the
lower part of the village was occupied
by Billa. It was Billa’s Denn - hence
the name, Bilden End.
• In 1832 a ‘chain gang’ of
wheelbarrows transferred chalk from
the parish pit to make a hard surface
for “Chalky Lane”. .....

3. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Before 1066...
• A semi-circular ‘shelf’ in the angle
behind the pulpit in Chrishall Church
is a part of the church that stood on
that spot before the Norman
Conquest.
• Most of the building
we see today was
built between 1200
- 1400.

4. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
After the Norman Conquest...
• Eustace de Bologne was rewarded for
his loyalty to King William by gifts of
lands - in Essex, Derbyshire and in the
West Country.
• Eustace lived at what is now known as
Chiswick Hall.

5. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Royal Patronage
• Around 1100, Queen
Matilda, daughter of
Eustace of Bologne
inherited her father’s
vast estates which
included Chrishall.

6. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
• There is a copy of a
letter in the Museum,
that Queen Matilda
wrote to Alius, the local
priest, regarding the
welfare of her people in
Chrystosale.

7. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Park Lane
• In the 13th Century Le Perke, a
Norman nobleman, lived at the
junction of Park Lane and the Elmdon
Road.
• By 1600 a larger house stood almost
on the same spot, and housed Sir Cane
James - the path by the wood leading
to Dark Lane is still known as Cane’s
Walk.

8. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Park House, Church Road ...
• is built on the site of a farm known as
Cane’s Farm - which was possibly the
‘home-farm’ that supplied food for the
‘Big House’.

9. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
More local names
• In the 13th century a large house was
occupied by a noble, one Radelonde.
All traces have now disappeared -
only the name lingers - Redlands.
• Hog’s Lane - or Hogsden’s Lane - is
named after Hogsden who ran the Red
Cow in the 1700s. Hogsden’s Close,
facing Church Road, was also owned
by this gentleman.

10. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Inflation?
• In the 13th Century Chiswick Hall
paid to the Crown “3 arrows yearly at
the price of 6 pence”.
• A few years later it was “a pair of gilt
spurs”.
• In the early 1400s Henry de Uphook
of Crowley Bury paid to the King, for
rent, “one rose to be plukt on the eve
of St John’s Day” (June 24).

11. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Troubled times?
• In 1309 the Lady Alice Beaumont
from Chrishall led 26 men in a ‘war’
against Michael Cherene of Elmdon.
• This lady was known to be very
argumentative - part of the reason for
the ‘war’ was that some deer had been
chased into her property and broken
down fences...

12. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
The Original Sealed Knot
• In 1655 Penruddock, a founder-
member of the Sealed Knot, led an
uprising against Cromwell and in
support of Charles II.
• Penruddock lived in Chrishall Bury -
a manor house below the church.
• He was captured during a foray in the
West Country and executed at Exeter
in 1657.

13. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
The Village Green
• Broad Green once stretched from the
present hamlet to Moat (or Parsonage)
Farm. It was the village green and
lost to the village in the Enclosure Act
1806.
• This green was originally 39 acres.

14. Chrishall Windmill
• Until the mid-1800s a windmill stood
in the corner of the garden at Mill
House.
• It was used by villagers and farmers
for grinding the flour produced
locally.
• Mill Causeway was then known as
‘Castey’ from ‘Causeway’, a raised
path.

15. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
The Slate-roofed Cottage ...
• Prior to a parish council, an overseer
and surveyor for the village met on
Thursdays to dole out a quartern loaf
and one shilling to needy villagers.
• They met at the slated cottage, at the
top of Church Road, on the green.
• This cottage was also used as a
surgery by the doctor, who, weekly,
came from Newport on horseback.

16. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Water, water everywhere
• The five pumps preserved
in the village were made by
Ingold of Bishops
Stortford, who also made
wayside horsetroughs -
essential in the ‘horse age’.
• They were used until 1937
when mains water arrived
in the village.

17. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
School Tradition
• In the 1860’s children from the school
walked to Chrishall Grange to sing a
Valentine song to the lady of the
manor. They each received an apple
and an orange.

18. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Self-sufficient village -
• At one time men’s heavy working boots
were hand made in the little ‘shop’ in Mill
Causeway. They cost 12s 6d.
• In the 1800s, Mr Jonas
who farmed Chrishall
Grange paid for his
men to have a new
pair of boots once a
year.

19. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Ring-ring, ring-ring
• The first telephone exchange was
situated in Stanmore Place, Church
Road in the 1920s. It was operated by
Mr and Mrs Walter Loveday.
• The second was in Palmers Lane -
now a private house.
• The third was a modern one in the
high street.

20. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Chrishall’s First Bus
• In the early 1930’s Fred Weedon
started up a bus service in Chrishall,
based in ‘Dyers’.
• They went to Cambridge, Saffron
Walden and Royston every morning.
London and Bishop’s Stortford
weekly.
• The service was later
run by Premier Travel.

21. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Utilities arrive
• 1937- piped water
• 1947 - electricity
• 1973 - main drainage

22. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Steam
• For many decades Chrishall was noted
for steam power. Powerful engines
worked over a wide area, providing
work for many men.
• Steam engines were first worked from
Chrishall by Philip Downham. He
built Park House in Church Road.

23. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
And more steam
• Downham’s business was taken over
by Drage, who was joined by Kent
during the First World War, to create
Drage and Kent’s.
• At one time over 80
people were employed
from around the area.
Gyrotilla

24. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
The men and their engines
• Drage and Kent’s started with
ploughing and threshing engines.
They moved on to long and short
wheel-base vehicles and Foden
Wagons. Eventually to Sentinels and
a Gyrotilla.

25. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Business began to slow
after the Second World
War but Drage and
Kent’s worked all over
East Anglia and certainly
put Chrishall on the map.

26. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Chrishall in the War
• During the 1939-45 war a prisoner of
war camp was opened at Chrishall
Grange holding first Italian and then
later German soldiers.
• The men from the camp were sent to
work for the farmers in the village.
Two men were assigned to each farm.

27. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
• Situated at Elmdon turning, the
Observation Post was in operation 24
hours a day during the war.
• It was manned by the Observation
Corps from village.
Chrishall War Memorial

28. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
Chrishall on air
• On July 18th 1997 Radio
Cambridgeshire broadcast a 3 hour
programme from the Chrishall
Museum - presented by Mandy
Morton.
• In June 1999 Chrishall Museum was
featured on “Craven’s Collectables”
on Anglia Television.

29. Chrishall Museum: Summer 1999
That’s just a taste ....
of some of the fascinating history of
Chrishall.
See the Museum for more!
Written by
Mrs Irene Cranwell
IT production and
graphics by
Rosemarie Gant

30. The End
See more at www.chrishallessex.co.uk