The document discusses three common pitfalls that can occur when transitioning to an agile development process: 1) Stories being too large to complete within an iteration, 2) Overreliance on "experts" to complete certain stories, and 3) Implementing changes across the entire architecture instead of incrementally through it. It provides strategies for addressing each pitfall, such as breaking large stories into smaller tasks, pairing experts with others to spread knowledge, and staggering projects to utilize experts on multiple teams.