Removing snow from drive ways during Chicago winters can be one of the most frustrating job given the long winters the city experiences. There are readily available hydraulic shovels and engine operated blowers in the market but given the cost of these devices, it is not affordable to the common man. As a group, ASPIRE worked on a simple and affordable system which can be mounted onto the Jeep ANYTIME and doesn’t require any external source to run the shovel. The final design of the shovel is a retro-fitment and can be deattached from the car when not in use.
This is a great case study of bearing failure which persisted for years, showing it's ugly head every year or two. Maybe this is happening to you.
Here is part of the story.
The mill rotor bearings, which are mounted in a steel housing, are two (2) cylindrical roller bearings, NU 316 ECM/C3, and one (1) grooved ball bearing, SKF 6316 C3. The bearings have failed several times over a period of two (2) years. Before this time, the mill had no recorded bearing failures (as confirmed by the CMMS).
In 2007, the vibration spectra began displaying excessive looseness. A work order was
submitted by the vibration analyst, and the bearing assembly was rebuilt and reinstalled by on-site mechanics.
Read the rest of the story.
This is a great case study of bearing failure which persisted for years, showing it's ugly head every year or two. Maybe this is happening to you.
Here is part of the story.
The mill rotor bearings, which are mounted in a steel housing, are two (2) cylindrical roller bearings, NU 316 ECM/C3, and one (1) grooved ball bearing, SKF 6316 C3. The bearings have failed several times over a period of two (2) years. Before this time, the mill had no recorded bearing failures (as confirmed by the CMMS).
In 2007, the vibration spectra began displaying excessive looseness. A work order was
submitted by the vibration analyst, and the bearing assembly was rebuilt and reinstalled by on-site mechanics.
Read the rest of the story.
Design and analysis of jig and welding fixturesagmech24
The fixture is a collection of working holdings
that holds, supports, and locates the workpiece.
Depending on their application, the fixture is needed in
different industries. The locating pin is used to restrict
the panel's degree of freedom. The panel will affect the
loading and unloading of the panel due to a fixed
position pin, so we have to configure the shift tool to
change the positioning pin during loading and unloading
of the panel. In this project we will create a CAD model
with a jig and welding fixture. The change unit or the
position unit will be designed as compact as possible,
depending on the need for the jig and the welding
fixture. This project is designed to move the positioning
pin between the locating pin and the panel to avoid
interference during loading and unloading.
Design and crash analysis of a rollcage for formula sae race careSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Design and analysis of jig and welding fixturesagmech24
The fixture is a collection of working holdings
that holds, supports, and locates the workpiece.
Depending on their application, the fixture is needed in
different industries. The locating pin is used to restrict
the panel's degree of freedom. The panel will affect the
loading and unloading of the panel due to a fixed
position pin, so we have to configure the shift tool to
change the positioning pin during loading and unloading
of the panel. In this project we will create a CAD model
with a jig and welding fixture. The change unit or the
position unit will be designed as compact as possible,
depending on the need for the jig and the welding
fixture. This project is designed to move the positioning
pin between the locating pin and the panel to avoid
interference during loading and unloading.
Design and crash analysis of a rollcage for formula sae race careSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Design and analysis of a tubular space frame chassis of a high performance ra...eSAT Journals
Abstract Formula Student Racing competitions are held at various Formula SAE circuits globally. Students from different colleges worldwide thrive to build a Formula style race car to compete at these events. In lieu to the competition rules and regulations it is important to design the chassis of the car with utmost priority. The major challenge posed is to design and fabricate a light weight car without compromising on the safety of the driver. The car has to be rigidly fabricated at minimal expense. The work in this paper is based on the team NITK Racing’s Car; the DICV NR XIV. This paper showcases various methods of material selection, design optimization techniques and Finite element analysis (FEA) using ANSYS. The basic design is based on the anthropological data of the specified human (95th percentile male) allowing fast ingress and egress from the car. Following the final design selection the static structural analysis of the car was done and the consequent results have been plotted. The entire design and analysis process is based on FSAE 2013 rule book and knowledge of designing and manufacturing yesteryear’s car. Keywords: ergonomics, finite element analysis, roll cage, torsional rigidity, tubular space frame chassis, and validation test setup
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
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Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
1. 1
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
DESIGN OF SNOW SHOVEL FOR JEEP CHEROKEE
GROUP NAME: ASPIRE
TEAM MEMEBERS UIN
Desai, Jaykumar 654034628
Wolly Taiwo, Kamal 656931320
Samartha, Ram Mohan 660826346
Velmurugan, Vijay Anand 678608544
Course: ME 547 Advanced Concepts/Computer-Aided Engineering
Instructor: Majid Naghshineh, Ph.D.
Department: Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
2. 2
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
TABLE OF CONTENT
1. Introduction
2. Project Scope
3. Design Intent
4. Decision-making Matrix
5. Patent research
6. Collaboration
7. Estimated time for CAD models and drawings
8. Device functionality
9. Bill of Material
10. Assembly Process
11. Manufacturing Technology
12. CAD strategy
12. Cost and Weight analysis
13. Task Distribution
14. Gantt chart
15. References
3. 3
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
➢ INTRODUCTION
Removing snow from drive ways during Chicago winters can be one of the most frustrating
job given the long winters the city experiences. There are readily available hydraulic
shovels and engine operated blowers in the market but given the cost of these devices, it is
not affordable to the common man. As a group, ASPIRE worked on a simple and affordable
system which can be mounted onto the Jeep ANYTIME and doesn’t require any external
source to run the shovel. The final design of the shovel is a retro-fitment and can be de-
attached from the car when not in use.
➢ PROJECT SCOPE
The following design constraints were used for the project:
1. The Vehicle (SUV) available in the garage can be used as a power source.
2. The driveway dimensions: two cars wide and three car long.
3. The system should be easily handled by an average person in the United States (195.8 lb.)
4. The system is designed to clear 2-6 inches of snow.
5. Ease of availability of replacement parts.
6. Simple mounting and de-mounting.
7. The snow shovel is strengthened by use of stiffness bar for maximum durability.
8. Minimum required fillet radius is given to snow shovel and all other mating/interfacing
parts sharp edges as a safety concern.
9. Finally, the cost budget for this project is $500.
➢ DESIGN INTENT
Aspire as a group had two concepts in place (explained by a decision-making matrix
later) before we finalized on the design based on the following points:
1. Minimum cost for manufacturing and assembly.
2. The design should be available to modify easily in case there are any design changes
due to quality issues or any further improvements in the design such as better durability,
reliability, adding better improvement features etc.
3. The design is made as simple as possible so that the vendors incur minimum tooling
cost which in turn reduces the overall cost of the product.
4. The shovel is designed for maximum durability by incorporating stiffness bar.
5. Basic design criteria such as clearance hole of 1mm and 2mm of outside projection for
the fastener in each of the mounting is incorporated.
6. Jeep Cherokee has a horse power of (180 to 271) HP which to our assumptions is
effective enough to clear snow off the driveway and acts as a power source.
4. 4
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
➢ ASSUMPTIONS
1. There is enough storage space for the shovel in the garage.
2. The width of the car is approximately 1900mm.
3. The ground clearance is approximately 10.8 inches off road.
4. The distance between two hooks is assumed to be 1580mm.
5. A rough dimension (shown below) of the jeep Cherokee was used as a platform for the
shovel design. [1]
5. 5
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
➢ DECISION-MAKING MATRIX
Important factors considered in finalizing design:
1. Weight: Given this snow shovel should be handled by an average person, this was an
important factor.
2. Part availability: The design should be simple and the parts readily available in case of
damage.
3. Functionality: The snow shovel should be effective in clearing 2-6 inches of snow and
make the maximum use of horsepower of SUV.
4. Price: The cost should be minimum and within the project budget ($500).
Snow Shovel
(Strap)
Snow Shovel
Factor Weight Rating
Weighted
Rating
Rating
Weighted
Rating
Safety 8 3 24 10 80
Price 6 4 24 6 36
Functionality (snow clearing capability) 7 7 49 8 56
Weight 2 2 4 6 12
Energy requirements 2 4 8 5 10
Availability 4 3 12 6 24
Snow Shovel with
strap total
rating:
Snow Shovel total
rating:
121 218
6. 6
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
➢ PATENT RESEARCH
Two key databases were used for patent research: WIPO Patent scope and Espacenet.
Key words: automobile, snow shovel, car
➢ COLLOBORATION
As a team, one of the important challenges that we faced is assembly of parts in
solidworks. Each of the parts were designed in CAD software expertise of each member
and finally assembled in soldworks in STP format.
➢ ESTIMATED TIME FOR CAD MODELS AND DRAWINGS
Database Number of hits
WIPO Patent database:
(http://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/search.jsf) 102
Espacenet (EPO Patent database)
(http://worldwide.espacenet.com/advancedSearch) 105
PART CAD SOFTWARE FINAL ASSEMBLY
Mounting Plate Autodesk fusion
SOLIDWORKS
Mounting Hook Autodesk fusion
Snow Shovel Solidworks
Stiffness Bar Solidworks
Base Plate PTC Creo
PART ESTIMATED TIME (hours)
Mounting Plate 4
Mounting hook 2
Snow shovel 6
Stiffness bar 1
base plate 4
Drawings (including assembly drawing) 8
Estimated total time 25
7. 7
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
➢ DEVICE FUNCTIONALITY
1. Base Plate
The primary function of the base plate is to clear the snow of the driveway. Keeping this
function in consideration, the base plate has been made as rugged as possible. The
thickness of the base plate is 5mm and a fillet radius of 10mm is given on the sharp
edges as a safety concern during mounting and de-mounting of the snow shovel system.
2. Snow Shovel
Snow shovel is used to support the base plate and all other mating/interfacing parts.
keeping this as important criteria, it was decided to design the snow shovel rugged
and robust. To improve the durability stiffness bar are welded behind the snow shovel.
8. 8
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
3. Mounting Plate
The mounting plate supports the mounting hook and functions as the main part
mounting the system of snow shovel and base plate.
4. Mounting Hook
The mounting hook is welded to the mounting plate. The function of the mounting hook
is primarily to support the entire snow shovel to mount on the tow hooks.
5. Fasteners
The fasteners are used for two main purposes:
1. To mount the base plate to snow shovel.
2. To mount the mounting plate to the snow shovel.
Considering, the mounting holes in the design are of 10mm, the selection of
fasteners were critical. The Hexagonal bolts and square nut are of M9 specification, this
allows a clearance of 1mm between the fasteners and the mounting holes.
Hexagonal Bolt Square NutHexagonal bolt Square Nut
9. 9
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
6. Stiffness Bar
The stiffness bar is welded to the snow shovel. The primary function of the stiffness
bar is to increase the durability of shovel and the robustness.
7. Device Mounting
The final assembly is mounted to the tow hook of the Jeep as shown schematically
above. The snow shovel uses the horsepower of the jeep to remove of the drive way.
The mounting is a simple procedure and can be done in the least amount of time by a
common person.
10. 10
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
➢ BILL OF MATERIAL
SS- Stainless Steel
CS- Carbon Steel
To reduce the cost the following factors are considered during the design stage:
1. Common mounting plate design at two locations.
2. Common fasteners at all mounting locations.
➢ ASSEMBLY PROCESS:
1. Sub- assembly 1
The base plate is mounted to the snow shovel by fasteners.
11. 11
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
2. Sub- assembly 2
The stiffness bar is welded to the snow shovel.
3. Sub-assembly 3
The mounting hook is welded to the mounting plate.
4. Final assembly
The output from sub-assemblies 1,2 and 3 are finally assembled in the final line
by torqueing fasteners (see torque specification in bill of material).
Stiffness bar
12. 12
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
➢ MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
Primarily sheet metal manufacturing process is employed for parts. Blanks or rolls of
sheet metal (thickness = 5mm) is used
The sheet metal processes are:
1. Bending
The most common bending methods are air bending and bottoming. About 25 tons of
pressure is employed. A press brake with a manual or a CNC controlled is used for the
bending process. The bend profile and the bend radius are defined in the drawings.
2. Blanking
Blanking is a metal fabricating process, during which a metal workpiece is removed from
the primary metal strip or sheet when it is punched. The material that is removed is the
new metal workpiece or blank.
3. Punching (for mounting holes)
Punching is a forming process that uses a punch press to force a tool, called a punch,
through the workpiece to create a hole via shearing. Punching is applicable to a wide
variety of materials that come in sheet form, including sheet metal, paper, vulcanized
fiber and some forms of plastic sheet. The punch often passes through the work into
a die.[2]
-> Snow shovel
Blank sheets of metal are bent. The stiffness bar is then welded to the snow shovel.
->Stiffness bar
Blank sheet of metal of the required dimensions are blanked
->Base Plate
Holes of 10mm are punched on the blank sheet of metal.
->Mounting Plate
A square plate sheet metal is used on which holes of required dimensions are punched
->Mounting Hook
A sheet metal bar is bent at the required lengths and bend radius as per the drawing
13. 13
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
➢ CAD STRATEGY
The CAD strategy employed is closely related to the manufacturing process. This is done
keeping in mind design changes that may crop up in the future due to any design issues.
This strategy, we believe will help in easy modification of CAD as and when the need
arises.
Mounting Plate
Mounting Hook
Variable
factor
14. 14
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
➢ COST AND WEIGHT ANALYSIS
PART COST WEIGHT (KG)
Base plate $50 0.931
Snow Shovel $150 3.21
Mounting Plate $25 0.01091
Mounting Hook $30 0.03602
Fasteners $100 2.01
Total approximate cost (including assembly cost)- $450
Total approximate weight- 6 Kg
➢ TASK DISTRIBUTION
1. Jay – Design and Drafting of base plate, Presentation, Patent Search and (Representative).
2. Vijay – Design and Drafting of snow shovel, Report, Patent Search and (Representative).
3. Kamal – Design and Drafting of hook, Presentation.
4.Samartha – Selection of fasteners, material for all components, weight and cost analysis.
Note: L-Team Leader
C- Team Coordinator
P- Team Participant
15. 15
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
➢ Gantt Chart
➢ Reasons for design to be optimum:
1. Cost Effective:
Same design for mounting plate, mounting hook and common fasteners at all mounting
locations.
2. Manufacturing:
Sheet metal bending, blanking and punching for all the parts. This ensures NO POST
MACHINING process is required for any of the parts.
3. Lead Time:
Sheet metal fabrication process is generally mass production and since all the parts use
common sheet metal manufacturing process, minimum lead time at the vendor site
is satisfied.
4. Robust Design:
Optimum thickness used for all the parts along with the right material selection.
16. 16
ME 547: ADVANCED CAD
REFERENCES
[1]: https://www.jeep.com/cherokee.html
[2]: Product Design for Manufacture and Assembly G. Boothroyd and P. Dewhurst,
Boothroyd Dewhurst, Inc. 1989 Marcell Dekker, Inc. 1994.
[3]:http://www.autodesk.com/
[4]: https://ptc.com/en/products/cad/creo/
[5]:http://www.mechscience.com
[6]:http://www.freepatentsonline.com/
[7]: http://patft.uspto.gov/
[8]:http://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/search.jsf
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