Desalination.pptx
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this ppt is about desalination of water through various techniques,describing the procedure of desalition and analysing wjhich meathod will be more useful
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DesalinationProcess
Desalination is a process that removes salt from seawater to produce fresh water. It involves reverse osmosis, where high pressure is used to force seawater through a semi-permeable membrane that allows water molecules but not salt molecules to pass through. This process will be used at Victoria's new desalination plant to produce fresh water for Melbourne and surrounding areas, providing a reliable source of drinking water even during drought conditions. The plant intakes seawater, filters it, and uses reverse osmosis membranes to separate fresh water from salt water concentrate, which is returned to the ocean.
Desalination - A Perennial Future?
Desalination is a process that removes salt from seawater or brackish water to obtain fresh water. It has the potential to address increasing global freshwater demand but also has disadvantages. Over 21,000 desalination plants currently operate worldwide using methods like reverse osmosis or thermal distillation. Low Temperature Thermal Desalination is a promising new technique being developed in India that uses temperature differences in seawater to flash evaporate water with low energy use and minimal environmental impact compared to other methods. However, desalination also produces briny wastewater and uses significant energy, presenting challenges to widespread adoption.
Desalination plant
Desalination can be defined as any process that removes salts from water. Desalination processes may be used in municipal, industrial, or commercial applications. With improvements in technology. Today there are two main types of desalination technologies – membrane (RO) and thermal (MED, MVC and MSF) desalination.
Purification anf disinfection of watert
Water purification involves removing undesirable chemicals, biological contaminants, and gases from contaminated water to produce water suitable for drinking or other purposes. Key steps in water purification treatment include physical processes like filtration and sedimentation, chemical processes like flocculation and chlorination, and biological processes like slow sand filters. Standards for drinking water quality are set by governments and international organizations and treatment methods vary depending on the source and quality of the water.
Desalination of underground water
This document discusses various methods of desalination and water purification. It begins by providing background on saltwater and freshwater distribution. It then discusses different desalination procedures like reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, solar desalination, and carbon nanotube membrane desalination. Reverse osmosis and electrodialysis are explained in more detail. The document concludes that desalination provides clean water, filters out bacteria and viruses, and can be implemented through cheaper and faster methods like carbon nanotube membranes.
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Desalination: A Solution to the Global Water Crisis
Desalination is the process of removing salt and minerals from seawater to make it drinkable. For countries facing water scarcity, desalination offers a promising solution to provide clean water access for communities.
An Abundant Source
Seawater is an abundant resource, covering about 70% of the Earth's surface. Desalination taps into this vast supply and converts it into freshwater suitable for drinking and irrigation. Some arid regions of the world, like the Middle East, already rely heavily on desalination to meet their water needs.
Improving Technologies
Desalination technologies, like reverse osmosis, are becoming more efficient and affordable. Reverse osmosis uses membranes to filter out salt and contaminants. Improvements in membrane materials and energy recovery systems have cut costs and energy usage in half over the past 20 years. Some companies are also exploring renewable energy, like solar power, to run desalination plants in an environmentally sustainable way.
Water
This document provides information about the Narmada Bachao Andolan movement. It summarizes that the movement was started in 1985 against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam, which would displace over 250,000 people. Led by activist Medha Patkar, the Narmada Bachao Andolan mobilized local people, farmers, environmentalists and human rights activists to peacefully protest the dams. The movement gained international support and pressured the World Bank to withdraw funding for the dam projects.
Water
This document provides information about Narmada Bachao Andolan, a movement against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River in India. It discusses how the movement was started in 1985 to protest the Sardar Sarovar Dam and other projects that would displace over 250,000 people. Led by activist Medha Patkar, the movement mobilized local communities, farmers, environmentalists and others against the dams. It argues the dams will damage livelihoods and biodiversity while alternatives exist to provide water and energy. The movement has gained international support through peaceful protests, hunger strikes and media coverage, bringing attention to the issue.
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DesalinationProcess
Desalination is a process that removes salt from seawater to produce fresh water. It involves reverse osmosis, where high pressure is used to force seawater through a semi-permeable membrane that allows water molecules but not salt molecules to pass through. This process will be used at Victoria's new desalination plant to produce fresh water for Melbourne and surrounding areas, providing a reliable source of drinking water even during drought conditions. The plant intakes seawater, filters it, and uses reverse osmosis membranes to separate fresh water from salt water concentrate, which is returned to the ocean.
Desalination - A Perennial Future?
Desalination is a process that removes salt from seawater or brackish water to obtain fresh water. It has the potential to address increasing global freshwater demand but also has disadvantages. Over 21,000 desalination plants currently operate worldwide using methods like reverse osmosis or thermal distillation. Low Temperature Thermal Desalination is a promising new technique being developed in India that uses temperature differences in seawater to flash evaporate water with low energy use and minimal environmental impact compared to other methods. However, desalination also produces briny wastewater and uses significant energy, presenting challenges to widespread adoption.
Desalination plant
Desalination can be defined as any process that removes salts from water. Desalination processes may be used in municipal, industrial, or commercial applications. With improvements in technology. Today there are two main types of desalination technologies – membrane (RO) and thermal (MED, MVC and MSF) desalination.
Purification anf disinfection of watert
Water purification involves removing undesirable chemicals, biological contaminants, and gases from contaminated water to produce water suitable for drinking or other purposes. Key steps in water purification treatment include physical processes like filtration and sedimentation, chemical processes like flocculation and chlorination, and biological processes like slow sand filters. Standards for drinking water quality are set by governments and international organizations and treatment methods vary depending on the source and quality of the water.
Desalination of underground water
This document discusses various methods of desalination and water purification. It begins by providing background on saltwater and freshwater distribution. It then discusses different desalination procedures like reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, solar desalination, and carbon nanotube membrane desalination. Reverse osmosis and electrodialysis are explained in more detail. The document concludes that desalination provides clean water, filters out bacteria and viruses, and can be implemented through cheaper and faster methods like carbon nanotube membranes.
The Psychology of Happiness.pdf
Desalination: A Solution to the Global Water Crisis
Desalination is the process of removing salt and minerals from seawater to make it drinkable. For countries facing water scarcity, desalination offers a promising solution to provide clean water access for communities.
An Abundant Source
Seawater is an abundant resource, covering about 70% of the Earth's surface. Desalination taps into this vast supply and converts it into freshwater suitable for drinking and irrigation. Some arid regions of the world, like the Middle East, already rely heavily on desalination to meet their water needs.
Improving Technologies
Desalination technologies, like reverse osmosis, are becoming more efficient and affordable. Reverse osmosis uses membranes to filter out salt and contaminants. Improvements in membrane materials and energy recovery systems have cut costs and energy usage in half over the past 20 years. Some companies are also exploring renewable energy, like solar power, to run desalination plants in an environmentally sustainable way.
Water
This document provides information about the Narmada Bachao Andolan movement. It summarizes that the movement was started in 1985 against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River, including the Sardar Sarovar Dam, which would displace over 250,000 people. Led by activist Medha Patkar, the Narmada Bachao Andolan mobilized local people, farmers, environmentalists and human rights activists to peacefully protest the dams. The movement gained international support and pressured the World Bank to withdraw funding for the dam projects.
Water
This document provides information about Narmada Bachao Andolan, a movement against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River in India. It discusses how the movement was started in 1985 to protest the Sardar Sarovar Dam and other projects that would displace over 250,000 people. Led by activist Medha Patkar, the movement mobilized local communities, farmers, environmentalists and others against the dams. It argues the dams will damage livelihoods and biodiversity while alternatives exist to provide water and energy. The movement has gained international support through peaceful protests, hunger strikes and media coverage, bringing attention to the issue.
Water
This document provides information about Narmada Bachao Andolan, a movement against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River in India. It discusses how the movement was started in 1985 to protest the Sardar Sarovar Dam and other projects that would displace over 250,000 people. Led by activist Medha Patkar, the movement mobilized local communities, farmers, environmentalists and others against the dams. It gained international support and used non-violent protests, hunger strikes and media coverage to pressure officials.
Water treatment technology
All living things require clean, uncontaminated water as the most crucial compound for life on Earth
Ideally, drinking water should be clear, colorless, and well aerated, with no unpalatable taste or odor, and it should contain no suspended matter, harmful chemical substances, or pathogenic microorganisms.
Wastewater discharge from industries, agricultural pollution, municipal wastewater, and poor environmental sanitation are the main sources of water contamination
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This document discusses water structure, properties, scarcity, pollution, and quality management. It provides details on water treatment processes for wastewater, drinking water, and groundwater. Water structure is explained, noting water is made of polar H2O molecules that form hydrogen bonds. Scarcity of fresh water is addressed, with over 1 billion people lacking access. Water pollution from various human and natural sources contaminates supplies. Treatment methods like screening, sedimentation, and disinfection aim to remove solids and pathogens before water is returned safely to the environment or for drinking. Ongoing water quality management is needed through monitoring and adaptive practices.
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Ground water distillation by basin type solar still for different basin water...
Adequate quality and reliability of drinking water supply is a fundamental need. Without potable water or
drinking water (less than about 500 ppm of salt) human life is not possible. Only 1% of Earth's water is in a
fresh, liquid state, and nearly all of this is polluted by both diseases and toxic chemicals. For this reason,
purification of water supplies is extremely important.
Keeping these things in mind, we have devised a model which will convert the saline ground water into pure
and potable water using the renewable source of energy (i.e. solar energy). Solar energy is an abundant, never
lasting, and available on site and pollution free energy.Solar Energy is freely available and can be used as a very
cheap option to convert saline ground Water through Solar Distillation, by using Solar Stills. The conventional
single basin and single slop Passive Solar Still can be used to purify water but the main problem is that the per
square meter distillate output is less. So it is need to modify the design of solar still for high output of solar
distillate
Solar still is easy to construct, can be done by local people from locally available materials, simple in
operation by unskilled Personnel, no hard maintenance requirements and almost no operation cost. Simplest
basin type models of solar still in earlier days, researchers have progressed a lot to increase its efficiency.
Suitable modification of solar still can produce high output using minimum areas of land and even in cloudy
days. Experimental study is done at Rewa M.P. on two different basin water depth solar stills. Low water depth
solar water still is produced more distillate than high water depth still by the experiment.
ashutosh
1. The document discusses the water treatment process at the Durgapur Municipal Corporation water treatment plant in Angadpur. It involves 7 stages: screening, prechlorination, aeration, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection.
2. Key steps include adding aluminum sulfate and polyelectrolyte to form flocs, sedimentation to remove flocs, sand filtration, and chlorination for disinfection. Additional steps are aeration, pH adjustment with lime, and post-chlorination before distribution.
3. The water treatment plant, pumping stations, and distribution network were installed in two phases to supply water to Durgapur town.
Water treatment for domestic water supply
Melbourne Water supplies potable water to Melbourne through a treatment process and distribution system. It treats water from protected catchment areas with disinfection only, while water from open catchment areas requires additional filtration due to public access. Melbourne Water owns reservoirs that store treated water before gravity or pumping distributes it through pipes. As an alternative source, desalinated seawater undergoes reverse osmosis before mixing with reservoir water.
Desalination Presentation-1.pptx
This document discusses sea water desalination processes. It describes the basic principle of desalination, which removes mineral components from saline water. The major processes used are reverse osmosis and thermal distillation. Reverse osmosis is most common due to its lower costs. The document outlines the treatment process, including pretreatment, desalination via reverse osmosis, and post-treatment. It discusses trends in desalination, such as increasing water scarcity due to climate change driving more projects, and technological innovations and renewable energy reducing costs and environmental impacts. The future of desalination is promising with expectations that technology advances will significantly reduce water costs over the next 20 years.
Desalination Presentation-2.pptx
This document discusses sea water desalination processes. It describes the basic principle of desalination, which removes mineral components from saline water. The major processes used are reverse osmosis and thermal distillation. Reverse osmosis is most common due to its lower operational costs. The document outlines the treatment process, including pretreatment, desalination via reverse osmosis, and post-treatment. It also discusses trends in desalination, such as increasing water scarcity due to climate change driving more projects, technological innovations improving efficiency and lowering costs, and greater use of renewable energy. The future of desalination is promising with continued technology advances expected to significantly reduce water costs over the next 20 years.
Desalination Presentation-1.pptx
desalination process review, process difference, process description, advantage & disadvantage of different sea water desalination process
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The document provides information about domestic water treatment systems. It discusses the standard water treatment process, which includes coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. It also describes different types of domestic water treatment systems like water softeners, reverse osmosis filters, and ultraviolet filters. The installation process for domestic water filters is outlined in 5 steps. Common issues with domestic water systems like aging equipment and chemical contamination are also discussed along with potential solutions.
Seawater Desalination and Water Supply Reliability
This document discusses various desalination techniques to produce fresh water from seawater. It introduces multi-stage flash distillation, which produces 60% of desalinated water worldwide using a heat exchange process. Reverse osmosis is also discussed, using pressure to force water through a semi-permeable membrane to remove ions. Freezing desalination removes fresh water as ice when seawater freezes due to its lower freezing point. Geothermal desalination uses heat from the earth as its energy source. Solar desalination employs either solar humidification–dehumidification or multiple-effect humidification using evaporation and condensation cycles. Population growth, industrialization, and irrigation needs are increasing global
Desalination for water supply
Removing dissolved minerals from seawater through desalination could help address freshwater shortages but faces challenges. Over 15,000 desalination plants operate worldwide using methods like reverse osmosis or thermal distillation. However, desalination is energy intensive and produces toxic brine waste. New technologies aim to reduce energy usage and better handle brine, but challenges around cost and environmental impact remain.
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B.tech final year project on designing solar still solar water still to filter out water by distillation and further adding minerals to make the water drinkable.
Desalination methods of purification of water
Desalination removes minerals from saline water to produce fresh water. Common methods include vacuum distillation, which boils water at low pressure, and reverse osmosis using semipermeable membranes. Water treatment plants follow several steps: suspended solids removal, chlorination for disinfection, aeration, flocculation using aluminum sulfate and polymers, sedimentation, filtration, and additional chlorination before distribution. Desalination remains energy intensive but costs have decreased with membrane technology.
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This document provides biographical information about Reeti Bhattacharyya, a class 10 student, including her name, class, roll number, and school details. It then lists the various science and social science topics she has studied that relate to water, including chemistry, biology, physics, geography, political development, and economic development. The document proceeds to provide more details on several of these topics, including hardness of water, recycling water, water as a source of energy, water as a resource, and sustainability. It also discusses various water-related movements in India such as the Narmada Bachao Andolan.
seawater desalination technology FAQ
This document provides information about Guangzhou KangYang Seawater Desalination Equipment Co., Ltd., including their address, contact information, and answers to frequently asked questions about reverse osmosis water treatment systems. Reverse osmosis systems can treat various water sources, including tap water, groundwater, and seawater. Pretreatment is necessary to protect the reverse osmosis membranes and proper water analysis is required to determine the appropriate pretreatments. Reverse osmosis systems have many commercial and industrial applications wherever high-purity water is needed.
Perspectives of Desalination
Desalination is the procedure used to eliminate the dissolved mineral salts from water. Currently, one of the most popular methods for obtaining pure water for use in agriculture or human consumption when applied to seawater. The issue is that it takes a lot of electricity to desalinate water. When salt is dissolved in water, it forms strong chemical bonds that are challenging to separate. Desalinating water can be quite pricey because both the energy and the technology required are pricy.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
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All living things require clean, uncontaminated water as the most crucial compound for life on Earth
Ideally, drinking water should be clear, colorless, and well aerated, with no unpalatable taste or odor, and it should contain no suspended matter, harmful chemical substances, or pathogenic microorganisms.
Wastewater discharge from industries, agricultural pollution, municipal wastewater, and poor environmental sanitation are the main sources of water contamination
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This document discusses water structure, properties, scarcity, pollution, and quality management. It provides details on water treatment processes for wastewater, drinking water, and groundwater. Water structure is explained, noting water is made of polar H2O molecules that form hydrogen bonds. Scarcity of fresh water is addressed, with over 1 billion people lacking access. Water pollution from various human and natural sources contaminates supplies. Treatment methods like screening, sedimentation, and disinfection aim to remove solids and pathogens before water is returned safely to the environment or for drinking. Ongoing water quality management is needed through monitoring and adaptive practices.
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Systems For Water Desalination
Water Treatment Process
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The document discusses solar water distillation as a method for purifying water. It begins by noting that over 1 billion people lack access to clean drinking water. It then explains that solar distillation works by evaporating water using sunlight, with the vapor condensing as pure water. Key factors that affect evaporation rates are identified. Applications of solar distillation include use in industries, hospitals, laboratories, and for obtaining fresh water in coastal or marshy areas. Advantages include not requiring fuel, being scalable locally, and ability to purify saline water. Disadvantages include lower production capacity and dependence on weather. The conclusion discusses designing a scalable dual stage system for physical and UV purification of water to help those without access to
Ground water distillation by basin type solar still for different basin water...
Adequate quality and reliability of drinking water supply is a fundamental need. Without potable water or
drinking water (less than about 500 ppm of salt) human life is not possible. Only 1% of Earth's water is in a
fresh, liquid state, and nearly all of this is polluted by both diseases and toxic chemicals. For this reason,
purification of water supplies is extremely important.
Keeping these things in mind, we have devised a model which will convert the saline ground water into pure
and potable water using the renewable source of energy (i.e. solar energy). Solar energy is an abundant, never
lasting, and available on site and pollution free energy.Solar Energy is freely available and can be used as a very
cheap option to convert saline ground Water through Solar Distillation, by using Solar Stills. The conventional
single basin and single slop Passive Solar Still can be used to purify water but the main problem is that the per
square meter distillate output is less. So it is need to modify the design of solar still for high output of solar
distillate
Solar still is easy to construct, can be done by local people from locally available materials, simple in
operation by unskilled Personnel, no hard maintenance requirements and almost no operation cost. Simplest
basin type models of solar still in earlier days, researchers have progressed a lot to increase its efficiency.
Suitable modification of solar still can produce high output using minimum areas of land and even in cloudy
days. Experimental study is done at Rewa M.P. on two different basin water depth solar stills. Low water depth
solar water still is produced more distillate than high water depth still by the experiment.
ashutosh
1. The document discusses the water treatment process at the Durgapur Municipal Corporation water treatment plant in Angadpur. It involves 7 stages: screening, prechlorination, aeration, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection.
2. Key steps include adding aluminum sulfate and polyelectrolyte to form flocs, sedimentation to remove flocs, sand filtration, and chlorination for disinfection. Additional steps are aeration, pH adjustment with lime, and post-chlorination before distribution.
3. The water treatment plant, pumping stations, and distribution network were installed in two phases to supply water to Durgapur town.
Water treatment for domestic water supply
Melbourne Water supplies potable water to Melbourne through a treatment process and distribution system. It treats water from protected catchment areas with disinfection only, while water from open catchment areas requires additional filtration due to public access. Melbourne Water owns reservoirs that store treated water before gravity or pumping distributes it through pipes. As an alternative source, desalinated seawater undergoes reverse osmosis before mixing with reservoir water.
Desalination Presentation-1.pptx
This document discusses sea water desalination processes. It describes the basic principle of desalination, which removes mineral components from saline water. The major processes used are reverse osmosis and thermal distillation. Reverse osmosis is most common due to its lower costs. The document outlines the treatment process, including pretreatment, desalination via reverse osmosis, and post-treatment. It discusses trends in desalination, such as increasing water scarcity due to climate change driving more projects, and technological innovations and renewable energy reducing costs and environmental impacts. The future of desalination is promising with expectations that technology advances will significantly reduce water costs over the next 20 years.
Desalination Presentation-2.pptx
This document discusses sea water desalination processes. It describes the basic principle of desalination, which removes mineral components from saline water. The major processes used are reverse osmosis and thermal distillation. Reverse osmosis is most common due to its lower operational costs. The document outlines the treatment process, including pretreatment, desalination via reverse osmosis, and post-treatment. It also discusses trends in desalination, such as increasing water scarcity due to climate change driving more projects, technological innovations improving efficiency and lowering costs, and greater use of renewable energy. The future of desalination is promising with continued technology advances expected to significantly reduce water costs over the next 20 years.
Desalination Presentation-1.pptx
desalination process review, process difference, process description, advantage & disadvantage of different sea water desalination process
Water treatment for domestic water supply 2
The document provides information about domestic water treatment systems. It discusses the standard water treatment process, which includes coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. It also describes different types of domestic water treatment systems like water softeners, reverse osmosis filters, and ultraviolet filters. The installation process for domestic water filters is outlined in 5 steps. Common issues with domestic water systems like aging equipment and chemical contamination are also discussed along with potential solutions.
Seawater Desalination and Water Supply Reliability
This document discusses various desalination techniques to produce fresh water from seawater. It introduces multi-stage flash distillation, which produces 60% of desalinated water worldwide using a heat exchange process. Reverse osmosis is also discussed, using pressure to force water through a semi-permeable membrane to remove ions. Freezing desalination removes fresh water as ice when seawater freezes due to its lower freezing point. Geothermal desalination uses heat from the earth as its energy source. Solar desalination employs either solar humidification–dehumidification or multiple-effect humidification using evaporation and condensation cycles. Population growth, industrialization, and irrigation needs are increasing global
Desalination for water supply
Removing dissolved minerals from seawater through desalination could help address freshwater shortages but faces challenges. Over 15,000 desalination plants operate worldwide using methods like reverse osmosis or thermal distillation. However, desalination is energy intensive and produces toxic brine waste. New technologies aim to reduce energy usage and better handle brine, but challenges around cost and environmental impact remain.
DESIGN, FABRICATION AND TESTING OF SOLAR WATER FILTER
B.tech final year project on designing solar still solar water still to filter out water by distillation and further adding minerals to make the water drinkable.
Desalination methods of purification of water
Desalination removes minerals from saline water to produce fresh water. Common methods include vacuum distillation, which boils water at low pressure, and reverse osmosis using semipermeable membranes. Water treatment plants follow several steps: suspended solids removal, chlorination for disinfection, aeration, flocculation using aluminum sulfate and polymers, sedimentation, filtration, and additional chlorination before distribution. Desalination remains energy intensive but costs have decreased with membrane technology.
Sa2 fa3 - water
This document provides biographical information about Reeti Bhattacharyya, a class 10 student, including her name, class, roll number, and school details. It then lists the various science and social science topics she has studied that relate to water, including chemistry, biology, physics, geography, political development, and economic development. The document proceeds to provide more details on several of these topics, including hardness of water, recycling water, water as a source of energy, water as a resource, and sustainability. It also discusses various water-related movements in India such as the Narmada Bachao Andolan.
seawater desalination technology FAQ
This document provides information about Guangzhou KangYang Seawater Desalination Equipment Co., Ltd., including their address, contact information, and answers to frequently asked questions about reverse osmosis water treatment systems. Reverse osmosis systems can treat various water sources, including tap water, groundwater, and seawater. Pretreatment is necessary to protect the reverse osmosis membranes and proper water analysis is required to determine the appropriate pretreatments. Reverse osmosis systems have many commercial and industrial applications wherever high-purity water is needed.
Perspectives of Desalination
Desalination is the procedure used to eliminate the dissolved mineral salts from water. Currently, one of the most popular methods for obtaining pure water for use in agriculture or human consumption when applied to seawater. The issue is that it takes a lot of electricity to desalinate water. When salt is dissolved in water, it forms strong chemical bonds that are challenging to separate. Desalinating water can be quite pricey because both the energy and the technology required are pricy.
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field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
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Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless ReproducibilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
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Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
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Desalination.pptx
- 1. DESALINATION Sujitha Dara BSC MPC – 2 TSWRAFPDC(W) Bhongir CHEMISTRY IS A STUDY OF TRANSFORMATION
- 2. Contents ✔ Introduction ✔ Need of Desalination ✔ Importance ✔ History ✔ Types ✔ Methods ✔ conclusion
- 3. Introduction The process of removing mineral components & salts from saline water Saline Water : The water that contains dissolved salts. Desalination involves either treating sea or blackish water to produce fresh water. Desalination plants involve multiple technologies, from pre treatment to pumps and membranes. It is used mainly in the middle east and North Africa. Brine is a high concentrated solution of NaCl in water. It is a byproduct formed in the process of desalination.
- 4. 97.50 % 2.00 % 0.50 % Need of Desalination Existence of Water on Earth Ocean Water – 97.50 % Frozen Water – 2.00 % Fresh Water – 0.50 %
- 5. This process offer fresh water in areas lacking natural ground water or surface water supplies or arid areas. It provides a climate independent source of water. It is also used by many civilizations on ships to convert sea water into drinking water. The fresh water obtained in this process can also be used for irrigation and for other needs. Importance
- 6. Desalination is not a modern science. It is one of earliest forms of water treatment. Aristotle mentioned in his work meteorology. The major land based desalination plant – Tunisia The first commercial reverse osmasis. Alexander – Patent (1964) Desalination plant – California (1965) Now more than 20K plants are there around the world. History
- 10. Salt Water Vapor Pure Water
- 11. Types of Thermal Desalination
- 12. Membrane Process At High Pressure, Salt water forced through membrane Semi permeable membrane: Catches salt ions Clean Water
- 13. Graphene oxide water filtration: Solar Desalination:
- 14. Electro Dialysis By applying electric charge through the solution. Metal Ions – Positive plate Other Ions – Negative Plate
- 15. o Sea water is unlimited source. o It is useful in arid areas. o Saline water can be reused with this process. o This process is useful for marine staff. o Provides drinking water, for irrigation etc. o It involves high investments and operational costs. o Brine is the harmful component for the environment which is a by product of desalination. Advantages Disadvantages Conclusion : Can Desalination Save The World From Water Crisis ? Is This A Permanent Solution ?
- 16. This Presentation is Prepared by “Sujitha Dara” JAI HIND