This document discusses packaging and packaging materials. It defines packaging as preparing goods for transport, storage, and sale. There are two main types of packaging: consumer packaging which focuses on marketing, and industrial packaging which focuses on logistics and protection. Various packaging materials are described such as plastic, paper, glass, and fiberboard. Packaging serves several purposes including protection, distribution, labeling, and maintaining quality standards. The key types and properties of different packaging materials are outlined.
Dr BMN - Finishes for appearance__hand_and_performancepradnya_ss
This document discusses various textile finishing processes. It describes embossing as using heated rollers to raise designs on fabric surfaces. Napping raises fibers on materials like cotton and rayon using needle rollers. Flocking adheres small fibers to fabrics to form designs. Softening finishes like anionic, cationic and nonionic conditioners are used to reduce static cling and soften textiles. Delustering and brightening chemicals are applied to synthetic fibers and fabrics to respectively reduce shine and increase the appearance of whiteness. Common brighteners are added to laundry detergents and paper.
The document discusses High Volume Instrument (HVI) testing. It begins with an introduction to HVI testing, describing how it automates traditional fiber bundle testing methods. It then covers the objectives, principles, and historical development of HVI testing. The document discusses the major HVI manufacturers and various HVI machines like the Uster HVI 1000. It describes the fiber properties measured by HVI and applications of HVI testing in areas like bale management systems. The document concludes that HVI testing allows for high accuracy fiber testing with minimal time.
This document discusses non-woven textiles. It covers raw materials like cotton, rayon, wool, polyamide/polyester and acrylic. It describes properties of non-wovens like fiber description, bonding agents, binder mechanisms, classification of binders and types of binders. It also discusses manufacturing steps for non-wovens including wet laid, dry laid, air laying, spun laid and melt blown processes. Finally, it outlines bonding techniques such as mechanical, chemical and thermal bonding.
This presentation provides an overview of nonwoven materials, including their definition, properties, production processes, bonding methods, finishing treatments, and applications. Nonwovens are sheets of fibers or filaments that are formed into a web and bonded together without weaving or knitting. They are made through processes like drylaying, spunlaying, meltblowing, and wetlaying. Common bonding methods are chemical, thermal, and mechanical. Nonwovens are used widely in hygiene products, agriculture, filtration, medical products, and packaging due to their desirable properties such as absorbency, strength, and breathability.
This document discusses Clothtech, which refers to technical textiles used in clothing and footwear manufacturing. It describes various Clothtech components like sewing threads, shoe laces, zippers, and interlinings. Properties required for Clothtech include stability at high temperatures, abrasion resistance, durability, and resistance to UV light and water. The document provides details on Clothtech market size in India and worldwide, and finishes by stating that Clothtech contributes 7% to the global technical textiles industry and is forecast to grow slowly in the long term.
This document discusses packaging and packaging materials. It defines packaging as preparing goods for transport, storage, and sale. There are two main types of packaging: consumer packaging which focuses on marketing, and industrial packaging which focuses on logistics and protection. Various packaging materials are described such as plastic, paper, glass, and fiberboard. Packaging serves several purposes including protection, distribution, labeling, and maintaining quality standards. The key types and properties of different packaging materials are outlined.
Dr BMN - Finishes for appearance__hand_and_performancepradnya_ss
This document discusses various textile finishing processes. It describes embossing as using heated rollers to raise designs on fabric surfaces. Napping raises fibers on materials like cotton and rayon using needle rollers. Flocking adheres small fibers to fabrics to form designs. Softening finishes like anionic, cationic and nonionic conditioners are used to reduce static cling and soften textiles. Delustering and brightening chemicals are applied to synthetic fibers and fabrics to respectively reduce shine and increase the appearance of whiteness. Common brighteners are added to laundry detergents and paper.
The document discusses High Volume Instrument (HVI) testing. It begins with an introduction to HVI testing, describing how it automates traditional fiber bundle testing methods. It then covers the objectives, principles, and historical development of HVI testing. The document discusses the major HVI manufacturers and various HVI machines like the Uster HVI 1000. It describes the fiber properties measured by HVI and applications of HVI testing in areas like bale management systems. The document concludes that HVI testing allows for high accuracy fiber testing with minimal time.
This document discusses non-woven textiles. It covers raw materials like cotton, rayon, wool, polyamide/polyester and acrylic. It describes properties of non-wovens like fiber description, bonding agents, binder mechanisms, classification of binders and types of binders. It also discusses manufacturing steps for non-wovens including wet laid, dry laid, air laying, spun laid and melt blown processes. Finally, it outlines bonding techniques such as mechanical, chemical and thermal bonding.
This presentation provides an overview of nonwoven materials, including their definition, properties, production processes, bonding methods, finishing treatments, and applications. Nonwovens are sheets of fibers or filaments that are formed into a web and bonded together without weaving or knitting. They are made through processes like drylaying, spunlaying, meltblowing, and wetlaying. Common bonding methods are chemical, thermal, and mechanical. Nonwovens are used widely in hygiene products, agriculture, filtration, medical products, and packaging due to their desirable properties such as absorbency, strength, and breathability.
This document discusses Clothtech, which refers to technical textiles used in clothing and footwear manufacturing. It describes various Clothtech components like sewing threads, shoe laces, zippers, and interlinings. Properties required for Clothtech include stability at high temperatures, abrasion resistance, durability, and resistance to UV light and water. The document provides details on Clothtech market size in India and worldwide, and finishes by stating that Clothtech contributes 7% to the global technical textiles industry and is forecast to grow slowly in the long term.
This document discusses the use of textiles in filtration applications. It begins with an introduction to filtration principles and processes. It then focuses on how various textile fibers and fabric constructions, such as woven, nonwoven and knitted, can be used as filter media. Specific applications where textiles are used for filtration are described, including vacuum cleaners, medical devices, power plants, water purification and more. The document discusses factors that influence filtration performance, such as fiber type, fabric properties and finishing treatments. It also provides examples of how textiles can be applied to purify air and water. In summary, the document outlines the role of textiles in filtration and provides details on textile materials and constructions suitable for various filtration
Technical textile Fibres used in technical textileskanhaiya kumawat
This document discusses various fibres used in technical textiles. It begins by defining technical textiles as materials selected for their performance properties rather than aesthetic qualities. The document then categorizes fibres used in technical textiles into conventional, high strength/modulus organic, high chemical/combustion resistant, high performance inorganic, and ultra fine/novelty fibres. Specific fibres discussed in more detail include polyethylene, polyester, nylon, carbon, polypropylene, glass, and metal fibres. Their properties and applications in areas like transportation, medical, construction, and protection are outlined. In closing, the document notes the high estimated growth rates of the technical textiles market between 2007-2012.
1. Geotextiles are permeable geosynthetics made solely of textiles that are used in geotechnical engineering and construction as an integral part of structures and systems. They serve separation, reinforcement, filtration, drainage, and sealing functions.
2. Geotextiles can be woven or nonwoven. Woven geotextiles have high strength in two directions and low elongation, while nonwoven geotextiles are thicker and have a felt-like structure formed through needle-punching, heat-bonding, resin-bonding, or a combination of methods.
3. Geotextiles are used widely in construction applications such as roads, railways, drainage systems
Polyester is a synthetic polymer composed of at least 85% ester linkages between an alcohol and terephthalic acid. It exists in several forms including filament, staple, tow, and fiberfill, each used for different applications. Polyester is colorless, transparent, smooth, lustrous, and can take on various shapes. It is strong, resistant to stretching, shrinking, chemicals, and retains its shape well when wet or dry. Polyester is often blended with other fibers like cotton, wool, and rayon to improve durability and wrinkle resistance. It has a wide range of uses including clothing, home furnishings, and industrial products.
The document discusses technical textiles, including their definition, classification, raw materials, end uses, and market overview. Technical textiles are textile materials designed for their technical performance rather than aesthetic characteristics. They are classified into several categories including agro-textiles, build-tech, home-tech, indutech, meditech, and packtech. Common raw materials include polyester, polyolefins, and cotton. Key end uses are in agriculture, construction, clothing, and medical applications. The market for technical textiles in India is growing significantly and expected to reach over $25 billion by 2016-17.
The document discusses the mechanical properties of yarn, including tensile, flexural, torsional, and frictional properties. It also examines the bulk properties, surface properties, and transfer properties of textile materials. Finally, it analyzes the effect of fiber length, fineness, and strength on various yarn properties such as strength, hairiness, handle, lustre, evenness, count, processing efficiency, and production.
This document discusses textile finishing processes. It begins with an overview of finishing and definitions of dyeing and printing. It then provides flow charts of finishing processes for open and tube fabrics. The document outlines various dyeing and printing methods and types of finishing treatments including mechanical, chemical, and standard finishes. It concludes by stating that finishing processes can make fabrics more receptive to dyes, remove wrinkles, alter texture, and add qualities like stain resistance.
This document discusses building and construction textiles (buildtech). It defines buildtech as technical textiles used for construction and building applications. Common fibers used include polyester, nylon, glass fibers, ePTFE, UHMWPE, HDPE, PET, and carbon fibers. Woven, knitted, and nonwoven fabrics are employed depending on the application and required properties. Buildtech has a variety of applications including architectural textiles, building reinforcements, roofing, scaffolding, and tarpaulins. The document outlines the properties, manufacturing processes, and test methods for different buildtech applications.
Manufacturing process of textile industries (Printing and dyeing process of f...Muhammad Umair Akram
This document is actually based practical research That was completed during my internship in AMSONS textiles mills (pvt.) ltd Karachi, Sindhi, Pakistan. This document will really help you in your studies and will make it easy for you to understand about the process that are usually followed during printing and dyeing of fabric. In this document the quality control procedures of textile industry are also discussed.
The document discusses technical textiles, providing definitions and discussing various types. It summarizes that technical textiles are manufactured primarily for performance or function rather than aesthetics. The document then discusses 12 end use areas of technical textiles: agrotech, buildtech, clothtech, hometech, geotech, indutech, medtech, mobiltech, oekotech, protech, packtech, and sporttech. For each area it provides 1-2 examples of products used. The document emphasizes that technical textiles have a variety of applications across many industries due to their functional properties.
I am the student of Textile Institute of Pakistan in the discipline of Textile Science [B.Sc( Hons)] & this presentation is about Viscose Rayon fiber, its manufacturing, its chemical composition, its types, its modification, its identification and its uses.
Textile yarn manufacturing involves several key steps. Fibers are first opened and cleaned through blowroom and carding processes. Drawing further arranges fibers into parallel strands called slivers. Roving attenuates slivers and adds twist. Ring frames then spin roving into yarn using drafts and twist. Combing upgrades raw materials by removing short fibers. The processes work to arrange, draft, and twist fibers into consistent yarns for weaving or other uses.
Although all Textiles will burn, some are naturally more resistant to fire than others. Those that are more flammable can have their fire resistance drastically improved by treatment with fire retardant chemicals called flame Retardant Textiles.
The document provides an introduction to technical textiles, which are textile materials manufactured for their technical performance properties rather than aesthetic qualities. It defines technical textiles and lists some common examples, including materials used in construction, agriculture, transportation, healthcare, and more. The document also outlines the major types of technical textiles according to end use and provides statistics on global fiber consumption, production regions, and market segmentation in India.
This document discusses technical textiles, including their definition, classification, markets, and applications. Some key points:
- Technical textiles are textile materials used for their functional properties rather than aesthetic qualities. They include industrial, functional, and high-tech textiles.
- The global technical textiles market was estimated at $107 billion in 2005, with areas like mobiltech, indutech, and sportech accounting for 56% of consumption. Asian countries like China and India are major markets.
- In India, the technical textiles market was projected to reach $158 billion by 2016-17, with major segments being packtech, clothtech, hometech, and indutech.
- Technical
This document discusses nonwoven needle punching processes. It defines nonwovens and describes the three stages of nonwoven production: web formation, web bonding, and finishing treatments. It then focuses on the needle punching process, describing how barbed needles repeatedly penetrate a fibrous web to mechanically entangle the fibers. Key aspects of needle design like needle density and stroke frequency are discussed. The principles of needle punching and how it orientates fibers are also summarized. Applications of needle punched nonwovens are then listed.
Packtech refers to packaging textiles used for protection, distribution, labeling, customer convenience, selling, and promoting brands during transportation and storage. This document discusses various types of packtech products including polyolefin woven sacks, flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBC), leno bags, wrapping fabric, jute sacks, tea bags, and soft luggage products. It also outlines the roles, reasons for use, categories, advantages, and important global market for packtech textiles.
This presentation discusses antimicrobial finishes for textiles. Microbes like bacteria and fungi can grow on fabrics and cause odor, staining, and quality deterioration. Antimicrobial treatment prevents microbial growth. Methods include using antimicrobial fibers or post-treating fabrics. Common agents are quaternary ammonium compounds which are applied during pretreatment or finishing. Testing verifies the effectiveness of treatments against microbes using agar diffusion, challenge, and other standard tests. Antimicrobial textiles are important for hygiene in applications like socks, sportswear, and linens.
This document discusses agro-textiles, which are textile fabrics used in agriculture and horticulture. It provides classifications of agro-textiles and lists their benefits such as increasing crop yields and protecting farmers from pesticides. Common fibers used include nylon, polyester, and polypropylene. Applications include crop and soil protection from sunlight, wind and weeds. Examples of agro-textile products are woven crop covers, ground matting, land netting and fishing nets. In conclusion, agro-textiles help control the environment for crop growth and generate optimal conditions while reducing pesticide usage.
This document discusses the use of textiles in filtration applications. It begins with an introduction to filtration principles and processes. It then focuses on how various textile fibers and fabric constructions, such as woven, nonwoven and knitted, can be used as filter media. Specific applications where textiles are used for filtration are described, including vacuum cleaners, medical devices, power plants, water purification and more. The document discusses factors that influence filtration performance, such as fiber type, fabric properties and finishing treatments. It also provides examples of how textiles can be applied to purify air and water. In summary, the document outlines the role of textiles in filtration and provides details on textile materials and constructions suitable for various filtration
Technical textile Fibres used in technical textileskanhaiya kumawat
This document discusses various fibres used in technical textiles. It begins by defining technical textiles as materials selected for their performance properties rather than aesthetic qualities. The document then categorizes fibres used in technical textiles into conventional, high strength/modulus organic, high chemical/combustion resistant, high performance inorganic, and ultra fine/novelty fibres. Specific fibres discussed in more detail include polyethylene, polyester, nylon, carbon, polypropylene, glass, and metal fibres. Their properties and applications in areas like transportation, medical, construction, and protection are outlined. In closing, the document notes the high estimated growth rates of the technical textiles market between 2007-2012.
1. Geotextiles are permeable geosynthetics made solely of textiles that are used in geotechnical engineering and construction as an integral part of structures and systems. They serve separation, reinforcement, filtration, drainage, and sealing functions.
2. Geotextiles can be woven or nonwoven. Woven geotextiles have high strength in two directions and low elongation, while nonwoven geotextiles are thicker and have a felt-like structure formed through needle-punching, heat-bonding, resin-bonding, or a combination of methods.
3. Geotextiles are used widely in construction applications such as roads, railways, drainage systems
Polyester is a synthetic polymer composed of at least 85% ester linkages between an alcohol and terephthalic acid. It exists in several forms including filament, staple, tow, and fiberfill, each used for different applications. Polyester is colorless, transparent, smooth, lustrous, and can take on various shapes. It is strong, resistant to stretching, shrinking, chemicals, and retains its shape well when wet or dry. Polyester is often blended with other fibers like cotton, wool, and rayon to improve durability and wrinkle resistance. It has a wide range of uses including clothing, home furnishings, and industrial products.
The document discusses technical textiles, including their definition, classification, raw materials, end uses, and market overview. Technical textiles are textile materials designed for their technical performance rather than aesthetic characteristics. They are classified into several categories including agro-textiles, build-tech, home-tech, indutech, meditech, and packtech. Common raw materials include polyester, polyolefins, and cotton. Key end uses are in agriculture, construction, clothing, and medical applications. The market for technical textiles in India is growing significantly and expected to reach over $25 billion by 2016-17.
The document discusses the mechanical properties of yarn, including tensile, flexural, torsional, and frictional properties. It also examines the bulk properties, surface properties, and transfer properties of textile materials. Finally, it analyzes the effect of fiber length, fineness, and strength on various yarn properties such as strength, hairiness, handle, lustre, evenness, count, processing efficiency, and production.
This document discusses textile finishing processes. It begins with an overview of finishing and definitions of dyeing and printing. It then provides flow charts of finishing processes for open and tube fabrics. The document outlines various dyeing and printing methods and types of finishing treatments including mechanical, chemical, and standard finishes. It concludes by stating that finishing processes can make fabrics more receptive to dyes, remove wrinkles, alter texture, and add qualities like stain resistance.
This document discusses building and construction textiles (buildtech). It defines buildtech as technical textiles used for construction and building applications. Common fibers used include polyester, nylon, glass fibers, ePTFE, UHMWPE, HDPE, PET, and carbon fibers. Woven, knitted, and nonwoven fabrics are employed depending on the application and required properties. Buildtech has a variety of applications including architectural textiles, building reinforcements, roofing, scaffolding, and tarpaulins. The document outlines the properties, manufacturing processes, and test methods for different buildtech applications.
Manufacturing process of textile industries (Printing and dyeing process of f...Muhammad Umair Akram
This document is actually based practical research That was completed during my internship in AMSONS textiles mills (pvt.) ltd Karachi, Sindhi, Pakistan. This document will really help you in your studies and will make it easy for you to understand about the process that are usually followed during printing and dyeing of fabric. In this document the quality control procedures of textile industry are also discussed.
The document discusses technical textiles, providing definitions and discussing various types. It summarizes that technical textiles are manufactured primarily for performance or function rather than aesthetics. The document then discusses 12 end use areas of technical textiles: agrotech, buildtech, clothtech, hometech, geotech, indutech, medtech, mobiltech, oekotech, protech, packtech, and sporttech. For each area it provides 1-2 examples of products used. The document emphasizes that technical textiles have a variety of applications across many industries due to their functional properties.
I am the student of Textile Institute of Pakistan in the discipline of Textile Science [B.Sc( Hons)] & this presentation is about Viscose Rayon fiber, its manufacturing, its chemical composition, its types, its modification, its identification and its uses.
Textile yarn manufacturing involves several key steps. Fibers are first opened and cleaned through blowroom and carding processes. Drawing further arranges fibers into parallel strands called slivers. Roving attenuates slivers and adds twist. Ring frames then spin roving into yarn using drafts and twist. Combing upgrades raw materials by removing short fibers. The processes work to arrange, draft, and twist fibers into consistent yarns for weaving or other uses.
Although all Textiles will burn, some are naturally more resistant to fire than others. Those that are more flammable can have their fire resistance drastically improved by treatment with fire retardant chemicals called flame Retardant Textiles.
The document provides an introduction to technical textiles, which are textile materials manufactured for their technical performance properties rather than aesthetic qualities. It defines technical textiles and lists some common examples, including materials used in construction, agriculture, transportation, healthcare, and more. The document also outlines the major types of technical textiles according to end use and provides statistics on global fiber consumption, production regions, and market segmentation in India.
This document discusses technical textiles, including their definition, classification, markets, and applications. Some key points:
- Technical textiles are textile materials used for their functional properties rather than aesthetic qualities. They include industrial, functional, and high-tech textiles.
- The global technical textiles market was estimated at $107 billion in 2005, with areas like mobiltech, indutech, and sportech accounting for 56% of consumption. Asian countries like China and India are major markets.
- In India, the technical textiles market was projected to reach $158 billion by 2016-17, with major segments being packtech, clothtech, hometech, and indutech.
- Technical
This document discusses nonwoven needle punching processes. It defines nonwovens and describes the three stages of nonwoven production: web formation, web bonding, and finishing treatments. It then focuses on the needle punching process, describing how barbed needles repeatedly penetrate a fibrous web to mechanically entangle the fibers. Key aspects of needle design like needle density and stroke frequency are discussed. The principles of needle punching and how it orientates fibers are also summarized. Applications of needle punched nonwovens are then listed.
Packtech refers to packaging textiles used for protection, distribution, labeling, customer convenience, selling, and promoting brands during transportation and storage. This document discusses various types of packtech products including polyolefin woven sacks, flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBC), leno bags, wrapping fabric, jute sacks, tea bags, and soft luggage products. It also outlines the roles, reasons for use, categories, advantages, and important global market for packtech textiles.
This presentation discusses antimicrobial finishes for textiles. Microbes like bacteria and fungi can grow on fabrics and cause odor, staining, and quality deterioration. Antimicrobial treatment prevents microbial growth. Methods include using antimicrobial fibers or post-treating fabrics. Common agents are quaternary ammonium compounds which are applied during pretreatment or finishing. Testing verifies the effectiveness of treatments against microbes using agar diffusion, challenge, and other standard tests. Antimicrobial textiles are important for hygiene in applications like socks, sportswear, and linens.
This document discusses agro-textiles, which are textile fabrics used in agriculture and horticulture. It provides classifications of agro-textiles and lists their benefits such as increasing crop yields and protecting farmers from pesticides. Common fibers used include nylon, polyester, and polypropylene. Applications include crop and soil protection from sunlight, wind and weeds. Examples of agro-textile products are woven crop covers, ground matting, land netting and fishing nets. In conclusion, agro-textiles help control the environment for crop growth and generate optimal conditions while reducing pesticide usage.
2. Ürün Türü Üretim Yöntemi Kumaş Yapısını Oluşturan Bağlama Kuvveti Kaynağı
İplikler Arası Bağlama Kuvveti
Klasik Tekstil
Yüzeyleri
Geçiş Bölgesi
Dokuma
Örme
Tafting
Malimo
Malipol
Dokusuz Yüzeyler
İplikler Arası Bağlama Kuvveti
Keçeleştirme
İğneleme
Yapıştırma
Lifler Arası Sürtünme ve bağlanma kuvveti
(Yapıdan Dolayı, Mekanik Etki, Kimyasal Etki,
Kimyasal ve Isıl Etki)
Geçiş Bölgesi Yaş Tülbent Yoluyla
Kuvvetlendirilmiş Kâğıtlar
Lifler Arası Bağlama Kuvveti (Yapıştırmayla
Birleştirilmiş)
Kâğıtlar Lifler Arası Sürtünme Kuvveti
Konvansiyonel Kâğıtlar,
Bileşik (Kompozit)
Malzemeler
5. Mekanik Yolla Dokusuz Yüzey Üretimi
İplik Sevk Eden İğne
Lif Sevk Eden İğne
Devamlı Sevk
Kesikli Sevk
Tek İğneli Yöntem Çok İğneli Yöntem
Ucu Delikli İğne Kancalı Çekme İğnesi Ucu Tırtıklı İğne
Sivri Uçlu Küt Uçlu
Hep Beraber Aynı Anda İğne Hareketi
Dikme Yöntemi
TAFTİNG
Dikme ve/veya aynı anda Örme
MALİMO
Keçeleştirme
NONWOVEN
6. Nonwoven Yüzeylerin Üretimi
Yaş Yöntem
Kuru Yöntem
Devamlı Sevk
Elyaf Tülbendi
Suda Yüzdürme ile
Tülbent Oluşumu
Flament İplik
Tülbendi
Tabii ve Kimyasal
Lifler
Yağlama
Fiksaj Tülbent
Oluşumu
Eğirme
Çekme
Kimyasal Termik
Aerodinamik Mekanik
İpliklerin Banda
Rasgele Serilimi
Dublaj
İplikle
Kuvvetlendirerek
Karışık Tülbent Uzunlamasına Paralel
Tülbent
Çapraz Uzun
Tülbent
Dublaj
İplikle
Kuvvetlendirmeden
Basma, Kalandır
v.b.
Özel Kâğıtlar,
Islak Tülbent
Yüzeyler (Ör:
Elbise)
İplikle
Kuvvetlendirerek
İplikle
Kuvvetlendirmeden
Fiksaj
Kimyasal Termik
Basma, Kalandır
v.b.
Flament İplik
Tülbendi (Ör:
Ayakkabı Astarı,
Elbise)
Fiksaj Yapıştırma
Maddesi Kullanarak
veya Kullanmadan
Mekanik Kimyasal Termik
-Keçeleştirme -Püskürtme
-İğneleme -Daldırma
-Büzdürme -Köpükleme
-Bağlayıcı
Lifler
Terbiye İşlemi
(Basma, Kalandır v.s.)
Filament yöntemi
7. Tafting Üretimi Yöntemleri
Tafting Yüzeyler Nispeten seyrek bir dokuma kumaşa hav tabakası
oluşturmak için ekstra bir ipliğin tek tek iğneler vasıtasıyla
yerleştirilmesi ile oluşur. Zemin kumaş olarak JÜT, KENEVİR veya
POLİPROPİLEN kumaşlar kullanılabilir.
Tek iğneli Çok İğneli
45. 1. Hav tabakanın bitim işlemleri
a-Mekanik:fırçalama, tarama, silme, dövme, kesme (Atık lifleri uzaklaştırmak, parlaklık, dolgun yüzey)
b-Kimyasal: güç tutuşurluk, kir tutmazlık, su iticilik, anti statik, anti bakteriyel, güve yemezlik
2. Kumaş kenarlarının bitim işlemleri
a-Yapıştırma:
b-Katlama ve yapıştırma:
c-Zincirleme:
d-Kenar alt bant yapıştırma:
e-Kenar bant geçirme:
f-kenara bant dikme:
g-Saçak yapma:
3. Alt tabakanın bitim işlemleri (PVC, Latex, Poliüretan)
AMAÇ: -Daha yüksek kayma muvemeti
-Daha iyi ses izalasyonu
-Havlara yaylanma özelliüi kazandırma
-Kenar sağlamlığını arttıma
-Tabandan dikişlerin sabitlenmesi
-Isı izalasyonu sağlama
-Tutum özelliği kazandırma
Tafting Kumaşların Bitim İşlemleri
46. a- Kaplama: Akıcı haldeki bir kaplama maddesinin tafting yüzeyin altına sürülerek ayrı bir katman
tabakanın oluşturulmasıdır.
-Poliüretan, PVC gibi köpük kaplama maddeleri
-Sentetik madde çözeltileri (polivinil asetat, akrilik asit ester reçinesi)
-Yapıştırıcı çözeltiler
-Nişasta çözeitileri
-Sentetik mumlar
-sentetik reçine eriyikleri (polipropilen)
b-Kaşeleme:Önceden hazırlanmış bir yüzey malzemesinin halının alt tabakasına bir veya birden
fazla tabaka halinde yapıştırılmasıdır. Bu tabakalar ısı izalasyonu, mukavemet artımı , sertleştirme gibi
özellikleri arttırır.
c-Köpük taban:Genelde latex ve PVC’ den elde edilen köpüklerin tafting alt yüzeyine
sürülmesidir.
-Kabartmalı:140 ve 180 derece sıcaklıklarda köpük maddesinin yüzeyde kabartmalar
oluşturacak şekilde katman eldesidir. (Çok hacimli ağırlığı nispeten azdır.)
-Düz köpük taban: Duvardan duvara halılarda özellikle tercih edilmektedir. (Az hacimli
ağırlığı yüksektir.)
50. Malimo Kumaş Özellikleri
1. Çözgü ve atkı ipliklerinin sık, dikiş İpliklerinin ince olması kumaşta
dokunmuş havası oluşturur ve görünüm dokuma kumaşa benzer.
2. Üç besleme sisteminde iplik numarasının aynı olması kumaşın alt
kısmına dokunmuşluk görünümü kazandırır.
3. İnce bir çözgü ve atkı ipliği ile belirgin bir dikiş ipliği dokunmuş bir
kumaş özelliklerini korumakla birlikte kumaşa örgü görünümü verir.
4. Dokuma kumaş özelliklerine sahiptir.
5. İlmeklerde dönme görülmez
51. Malimo Kumaş Kullanım Alanları
1. Malimo kumaşlar erkek ve bayan üst giysilerinin yapımı için oldukça
uygundur.
2. Deniz giysileri
3. El bezleri, havlu ve kurulama bezleri
4. Örtüler (Battaniye gibi), çuval, duvar kaplama ve filtre bezi gibi
bir çok alanda kullanım alanı vardır.
52. Malipol Kumaş Özellikleri
Tek yüzü veya her iki yüzü havlı bir yapıya sahip tafting kumaşa
benzer bir kumaştır. Havlar iplikten olduğu gibi elyaf
tülbentlerinden de olabilir.