This document summarizes a case study on dental fluorosis in the Vavuniya district of Sri Lanka. Water samples were collected from 72 wells and tested for fluoride concentration. Fluoride levels above the WHO recommended level of 1.5 mg/L were found to cause dental and skeletal fluorosis. The highest number of fluorosis patients were found in the Chettikulam area, where the highest fluoride level of 1.52 mg/L was recorded. Positive correlations were observed between fluoride levels and electrical conductivity, pH, and well depth. The study identified areas with high fluoride concentrations in groundwater and high rates of dental fluorosis. More research was recommended to develop techniques for removing fluoride from drinking water in affected rural