Management of MSI High Solid Tumors and the impact of adding Immunotherapy upon improving survival outcome and response rate. Colorectal and Non Colorectal tumors.
Management of MSI High Solid Tumors and the impact of adding Immunotherapy upon improving survival outcome and response rate. Colorectal and Non Colorectal tumors.
Prostate cancer the androgenic fortified dogmaMohamed Abdulla
It describes the androgenic nature of prostate cancer and the androgenic axis should be tackled in all phases of prostate cancer. Also a special emphasis on recent data on management of metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer.
Alphabet Soup - Biomarker testing for colon and rectal cancer patients - KRAS...Fight Colorectal Cancer
Dr. Cathy Eng's presentation regarding biomarkers. Explaining why colon and rectal cancer patients should undergo testing for KRAS, NRAS and other tumor tests.
Expanding treatment platform in m crc bayer - asyut 2018Mohamed Abdulla
Describes the different therapeutic approach to patients with metastatic colorectal cancer in the 3rd subsequent treatment line with especial emphasis on the role of regorafenib and how to manipulate the adverse events while not compromise the outcome.
Prostate cancer the androgenic fortified dogmaMohamed Abdulla
It describes the androgenic nature of prostate cancer and the androgenic axis should be tackled in all phases of prostate cancer. Also a special emphasis on recent data on management of metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer.
Alphabet Soup - Biomarker testing for colon and rectal cancer patients - KRAS...Fight Colorectal Cancer
Dr. Cathy Eng's presentation regarding biomarkers. Explaining why colon and rectal cancer patients should undergo testing for KRAS, NRAS and other tumor tests.
Expanding treatment platform in m crc bayer - asyut 2018Mohamed Abdulla
Describes the different therapeutic approach to patients with metastatic colorectal cancer in the 3rd subsequent treatment line with especial emphasis on the role of regorafenib and how to manipulate the adverse events while not compromise the outcome.
Discordant noninvasive prenatal testing & cytogenetic results: 109 consecutive cases.
In conclusion, use of conventional cytogenetics as the reference
standard unravels a rather significant discordance with
positive NIPT results. These data should compel us to take a
cautious look at NIPT data sets and their sources. As more
commercial providers advocate this test, or sponsor academic
centers to carry them out, a more diligent comparison of NIPT
results with cytogenetic tests should be undertaken.
A 3′-untranslated region KRAS variant and triple-negative breast cancer: a ca...UCLA
The KRAS-variant might be a genetic marker for development of triple negative breast cancer in premenopausal women, and altered gene and miRNA expression signatures should enable molecular and biological stratification of patients with this subgroup of
breast cancer.
The Prognostic Value of Nucleolar Organiser Regions in Colorectal CancerMichelle Fynes
Nucleolar organiser regions (AgNORs) are loops of ribosomal DNA which reflect the cellular activity or malignant potential of the cell and are identified by a specific staining technique. The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of AgNORs in colorectal cancer and to compare it with other accepted prognostic methods.
Similar to Demographic pattern of incidence of breast carcinoma by subtype - A comparative study (20)
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Demographic pattern of incidence of breast carcinoma by subtype - A comparative study
1. Demographic pattern of incidence
of breast carcinoma by subtype
-A comparative study
Guvera vasireddy, Assistant professor
Dr. Triveni Bhopal, Professor
MNJ institute of Oncology / OMC
Dr. Ezhil Arasi. N, Professor and HOD
Department of pathology ,
Osmania Medical College, koti
Hyderabad, TelanganaState
2.
3.
4. Prevalence of Breast Cancer Subtypes According to Race and Menopausal Status in Carolina study
African American
Non African American
TumorSubtype
All cases
Pre menopausal
n = 97
Post menopausal
n = 99
Pre menopausal
n = 164
Post menopausal
n = 136
Triple negative
100
38(39)
14 (14)
26 (16)
22 (16)
Her2 positive
33
9 (9)
7 (7)
9 (6)
8 (6)
Luminal A
255
35 (36)
58 (59)
83 (51)
79 (58)
Luminal B
77
9 (9)
16 (16)
30 (18)
22 (16)
unclassified
31
6 (6)
4 (4)
16 (10)
5 (4)
figures in brackets are percentage
29. Age Group
No.ofCases
Percentage
21-30
11
7
31-40
33
22
41-50
51
34
51-60
34
23
61 and Above
21
14
30.
31. Age
Total
Total ER+ve
ER-ve
HER1+
HER2+
HER3+
HER- ve
HER1+
HER2+
HER3+
HER- ve
21-30
11
0
0
1
2
0
1
3
4
31-40
33
1
1
7
3
2
3
13
3
41-50
51
1
2
9
4
0
3
16
16
51-60
34
0
6
6
4
1
1
9
7
61 - above
21
0
3
4
4
0
3
1
6
Actual observation of receptor status
32. Her3+ 47%
Her2+ 21%
Her1+ 3%
Her Neg29%
Percentage of each category in ER+ve
ER+ve
58
Her3+
27
Her2+
12
Her1+
2
Her Neg
17
33. Her 3+ 46%
HER 2+ 12%
HER1+ 3%
HER -ve39%
Total Percentage in ER-ve
ER-ve Total
92
Her 3+
42
HER 2+
11
HER1+
3
HER -ve
36
34. Age Group
Total cases
Luminal A
LuminalB
Her2
Triple negative
HER2+
ER + ER -
21 -30
11
2
1
3
4
0
1
31 -40
33
4
7
13
5
1
3
41 -50
51
5
9
16
16
2
3
51 -60
34
4
6
9
8
6
1
61 and above
21
4
4
1
6
3
3
Total
150
19
27
42
39
12
11
Categorization in to subtypes according to age
35. Age Group
Total cases
Luminal A
LuminalB
Her2
Triple negative
unclassified
Pre menopausal
95
11 (11.57)
17 (17.89)
32 (33.68)
25 (26.31)
10 (9.5)
Postmenopausal
55
8 (14.54)
10(18.18)
10 (18.18)
14 (25.45)
13 (23.63)
Total
150
19 (12.66)
27 (18)
42 (28)
39 (26)
23 (15.33)
Categorization according to menopausal state
36.
37.
38.
39. Studypopulation
African American population
Sub Types
Pre Menopausal
Post menopausal
Pre menopausal
Post menopausal
Triple Negative
25 (26.31)
14 (25.45)
38(39)
14 (14)
Her 2 Positive
32 (33.68)
10 (18.18)
9 (9)
7 (7)
Luminal A
11 (11.57)
8 (14.54)
35 (36)
58 (59)
Luminal B
17 (17.89)
10(18.18)
9 (9)
16 (16)
Unclassifiable
10 (9.5)
13 (23.63)
6 (6)
4 (4)
Total
95
55
97
99
Incidence of different subtypes in study population and African American population in CBS
40.
41. Studypopulation
Non African Americans
Sub Types
Pre Menopausal
Post menopausal
Pre menopausal
n = 164
Post menopausal
n = 136
Triple Negative
25 (26.31)
14 (25.45)
26 (16)
22 (16)
Her 2 Positive
32 (33.68)
10 (18.18)
9 (6)
8 (6)
Luminal A
11 (11.57)
8 (14.54)
83 (51)
79 (58)
Luminal B
17 (17.89)
10(18.18)
30 (18)
22 (16)
Unclassifiable
10 (9.5)
13 (23.63)
16 (10)
5 (4)
Total
95
55
164
136
Incidence of different subtypes in study population and Non African American population in CBS
42.
43. *Chandrika Rao, JayaprakashShetty, HL KishanPrasad
Department of Pathology, K S HegdeMedical Academy, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
44.
45. "The most important takeaway for our colleagues in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment is the potential value of molecular subtyping to personalize and improve each woman's treatment,"
Thank you all