The document discusses demand, supply, and market equilibrium. It defines demand as the quantity of a good consumers are willing and able to purchase at different prices. The law of demand states that quantity demanded increases when price decreases and decreases when price increases. Supply is defined as the quantity of a good producers are willing to provide at different prices, with the law of supply stating that quantity supplied increases with price. Market equilibrium occurs when quantity demanded equals quantity supplied at the market clearing price. The document uses graphs to illustrate the interaction of demand and supply and how equilibrium is impacted by shifts in demand or supply.
This document discusses supply, including the law of supply, supply schedules, supply curves, market supply, and the differences between changes in supply versus changes in quantity supplied. The law of supply states that price and quantity supplied move directly. A supply schedule shows the quantity supplied at different prices, and a supply curve graphs this relationship. Market supply is the total supply from all firms. A change in supply is a shift of the supply curve due to factors like input prices, technology, the number of sellers, or taxes. A change in quantity supplied moves along the existing supply curve due to price changes.
Equilibrium and disequilibrium in markets are discussed. Equilibrium occurs when quantity demanded equals quantity supplied at the equilibrium price. Disequilibrium can occur due to shortages or surpluses caused by price floors or ceilings. Price floors create surpluses while price ceilings create shortages. The government can cause disequilibrium through policies like rent control and minimum wage laws. Non-price rationing may also occur when social pressures prevent prices from reaching equilibrium.
This document provides an overview of demand, including the circular flow diagram, demand schedules, the law of demand, demand curves, market demand, changes in demand versus changes in quantity demanded, and factors that cause changes in demand such as number of buyers, tastes and preferences, income, prices of other goods, availability of credit, and expectations about future prices. It explains that a change in demand is a shift of the entire demand curve, while a change in quantity demanded is a movement along the existing demand curve caused by a change in price.
This document discusses the calculation of quartile deviation from both ungrouped and grouped data. It defines quartiles as values that divide a data distribution into four equal parts (Q1, Q2, Q3). The quartile deviation is half the difference between the first (Q1) and third (Q3) quartiles. It provides the steps to find Q1, Q3, and quartile deviation from ungrouped data by ranking scores and using quartile locators. For grouped data, it uses formulas involving class limits and cumulative frequencies to determine Q1 and Q3, then takes half their difference. An example calculation is shown.
The document defines key economic concepts related to demand and supply in markets including:
- Demand curves which show the quantity demanded at different price points based on consumer preferences and income.
- Supply curves which show the quantity supplied at different price points based on production costs and input prices.
- Market equilibrium where the demand and supply curves intersect and quantity demanded equals quantity supplied.
- How shifts in demand or supply curves impact price and quantity in the market.
The document discusses the concepts of demand, supply, and market equilibrium in commodity markets. It defines demand and supply schedules, graphs demand and supply curves, and shows how equilibrium price and quantity are determined by the intersection of the demand and supply curves. It explains how changes in demand or supply can lead to surpluses or shortages and discusses the role of prices in rationing goods in markets. Government policies like price ceilings and floors are also introduced.
The document discusses the economic concepts of supply and demand. It explains key terms like the demand curve, supply curve, and market equilibrium. It shows how shifts in supply or demand curves can change the equilibrium price and quantity in a market. When demand increases, the equilibrium price rises and quantity sold increases. When supply increases, the equilibrium price falls and quantity sold rises. The market reaches equilibrium when the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied at a single price.
1. The document discusses the concepts of supply and demand, explaining how producers supply more at higher prices while consumers consume less, and vice versa at lower prices.
2. It provides examples of supply and demand curves, showing the relationship between price and quantity supplied/demanded on a graph. It demonstrates how shifts in supply or demand curves impact the price and quantity in the market.
3. The key factors that can cause supply curves to shift, such as input costs, technology, taxes, and expectations, are outlined.
This document discusses supply, including the law of supply, supply schedules, supply curves, market supply, and the differences between changes in supply versus changes in quantity supplied. The law of supply states that price and quantity supplied move directly. A supply schedule shows the quantity supplied at different prices, and a supply curve graphs this relationship. Market supply is the total supply from all firms. A change in supply is a shift of the supply curve due to factors like input prices, technology, the number of sellers, or taxes. A change in quantity supplied moves along the existing supply curve due to price changes.
Equilibrium and disequilibrium in markets are discussed. Equilibrium occurs when quantity demanded equals quantity supplied at the equilibrium price. Disequilibrium can occur due to shortages or surpluses caused by price floors or ceilings. Price floors create surpluses while price ceilings create shortages. The government can cause disequilibrium through policies like rent control and minimum wage laws. Non-price rationing may also occur when social pressures prevent prices from reaching equilibrium.
This document provides an overview of demand, including the circular flow diagram, demand schedules, the law of demand, demand curves, market demand, changes in demand versus changes in quantity demanded, and factors that cause changes in demand such as number of buyers, tastes and preferences, income, prices of other goods, availability of credit, and expectations about future prices. It explains that a change in demand is a shift of the entire demand curve, while a change in quantity demanded is a movement along the existing demand curve caused by a change in price.
This document discusses the calculation of quartile deviation from both ungrouped and grouped data. It defines quartiles as values that divide a data distribution into four equal parts (Q1, Q2, Q3). The quartile deviation is half the difference between the first (Q1) and third (Q3) quartiles. It provides the steps to find Q1, Q3, and quartile deviation from ungrouped data by ranking scores and using quartile locators. For grouped data, it uses formulas involving class limits and cumulative frequencies to determine Q1 and Q3, then takes half their difference. An example calculation is shown.
The document defines key economic concepts related to demand and supply in markets including:
- Demand curves which show the quantity demanded at different price points based on consumer preferences and income.
- Supply curves which show the quantity supplied at different price points based on production costs and input prices.
- Market equilibrium where the demand and supply curves intersect and quantity demanded equals quantity supplied.
- How shifts in demand or supply curves impact price and quantity in the market.
The document discusses the concepts of demand, supply, and market equilibrium in commodity markets. It defines demand and supply schedules, graphs demand and supply curves, and shows how equilibrium price and quantity are determined by the intersection of the demand and supply curves. It explains how changes in demand or supply can lead to surpluses or shortages and discusses the role of prices in rationing goods in markets. Government policies like price ceilings and floors are also introduced.
The document discusses the economic concepts of supply and demand. It explains key terms like the demand curve, supply curve, and market equilibrium. It shows how shifts in supply or demand curves can change the equilibrium price and quantity in a market. When demand increases, the equilibrium price rises and quantity sold increases. When supply increases, the equilibrium price falls and quantity sold rises. The market reaches equilibrium when the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied at a single price.
1. The document discusses the concepts of supply and demand, explaining how producers supply more at higher prices while consumers consume less, and vice versa at lower prices.
2. It provides examples of supply and demand curves, showing the relationship between price and quantity supplied/demanded on a graph. It demonstrates how shifts in supply or demand curves impact the price and quantity in the market.
3. The key factors that can cause supply curves to shift, such as input costs, technology, taxes, and expectations, are outlined.
This document discusses the fundamentals of demand, supply, and market equilibrium. It defines key concepts such as the law of demand, demand curves, determinants of demand, law of supply, supply curves, and determinants of supply. It explains how equilibrium price is reached when quantity demanded equals quantity supplied, and the implications of surpluses and shortages. Price elasticity of demand and supply are also covered, including the factors that influence elasticity and how it relates to total revenue. The document provides an overview of the basic economic framework for analyzing markets.
The document provides an overview of supply and demand fundamentals. It defines key terms like quantity demanded, demand curve, quantity supplied, and supply curve. It explains how supply and demand are determined by price and how shifts can occur due to non-price factors. Examples of demand shifters include income, prices of related goods, tastes and preferences. Supply shifters include input prices, technology changes, and number of sellers. The document uses graphs and examples to illustrate concepts of supply, demand, and market equilibrium.
The document discusses supply and demand. It provides examples of how producers supply more of a good at higher prices due to increased opportunity costs, while consumers consume less at higher prices due to having less money to spend. The key factors that can shift supply curves, such as input costs, technology, taxes, and expectations about future prices are also summarized.
The document discusses supply and demand. It provides examples of how producers supply more at higher prices due to increased opportunity costs, while consumers consume less at higher prices due to having less money to spend. The key factors that can shift supply curves, such as input costs, technology, taxes, and expectations about future prices are also summarized.
Demand is an economic principle that describes a consumer's desire and willingness to pay a price for a specific good or service. Holding all other factors constant, an increase in the price of a good or service will decrease demand, and vice versa.
Demand refers to how much (quantity) of a product or service is desired by buyers. The quantity demanded is the amount of a product people are willing to buy at a certain price; the relationship between price and quantity demanded is known as the demand relationship. Supply represents how much the market can offer.
The document defines demand as the amount of a product consumers are willing and able to purchase at different price levels. It discusses how demand curves are graphed with price on the y-axis and quantity on the x-axis, showing an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded. Supply is defined as the amount producers are willing to provide at different price levels, with supply curves showing a direct relationship between price and quantity supplied. Equilibrium occurs where supply and demand are equal, at the price where quantity supplied equals quantity demanded.
This document provides an overview of demand and supply concepts including:
- The demand curve illustrates the relationship between price and quantity demanded, with demand decreasing as price increases.
- The supply curve shows the relationship between price and quantity supplied, with supply increasing as price rises.
- Market equilibrium is reached at the price where quantity demanded equals quantity supplied.
The document discusses demand and supply and how they relate to pricing. It provides examples of how prices change for various goods depending on factors like seasonal demand, popularity of events, and supply and demand in different locations. These price fluctuations can be explained by the economic concept of supply and demand, which is the main topic of the chapter.
1. The document discusses the concept of demand and supply and how it relates to why certain goods are more expensive at certain times. It provides examples like roses on Valentine's Day and gas prices in the summer.
2. It introduces demand curves and how they relate the inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded, showing this through supply and demand graphs. It also discusses how shifts in demand curves can occur from various determinants.
3. In a few sentences, it effectively summarizes the key topics and concepts discussed in the document relating to supply and demand.
This document provides an overview of market equilibrium and how it is impacted by shifts in supply and demand. It defines key economic concepts such as markets, demand and supply curves, equilibrium price and quantity, surplus and shortage. It then explains how equilibrium is impacted by changes in demand and supply, both independently and simultaneously. Special cases involving perfectly inelastic or elastic demand and supply are covered. The document also discusses consumer surplus, producer surplus, total surplus, and how government intervention through price controls can impact equilibrium and result in deadweight loss. Market failures from externalities and ways to internalize externalities are explained.
This document discusses microeconomic concepts related to supply and demand. It defines key terms like market, demand, supply, competitive market, and equilibrium. It explains the laws of supply and demand - as price increases, quantity demanded decreases and quantity supplied increases. Graphs and diagrams are used to illustrate demand and supply schedules and curves, and how equilibrium price and quantity are determined by the intersection of the demand and supply curves. Shifts in demand and supply are also explained.
The document discusses the concepts of supply and demand in competitive markets. It examines what determines demand and supply for a good, how supply and demand interact to set market price and quantity, and how prices allocate scarce resources. Key factors that influence demand include price, income, prices of substitutes and complements. Supply is influenced by price, costs of inputs, technology and number of sellers. Market equilibrium occurs when quantity demanded equals quantity supplied. The equilibrium price clears the market.
This document provides an overview of demand, the law of demand, determinants of demand, and how changes in demand and quantity demanded are represented. It discusses:
- The law of demand, which states that as price increases, quantity demanded decreases, and vice versa.
- Demand schedules and demand curves, and how demand curves show the negative relationship between price and quantity demanded.
- Assumptions of the law of demand, like tastes remaining constant.
- How shifts in determinants of demand like price of substitutes or complements cause the demand curve to shift.
- The difference between a change in demand (shift of the curve) versus a change in quantity demanded (movement along the
This document provides an overview of supply, demand, and consumer choice concepts including:
- Definitions of demand, the law of demand, and factors that cause shifts in demand. Graphs are used to illustrate demand schedules and curves.
- Definitions of supply, the law of supply, and factors that cause shifts in supply. Graphs are used to illustrate supply schedules and curves.
- How supply and demand interact in a market to determine equilibrium price and quantity. Examples are provided to show the effects of price changes on surpluses and shortages.
- Concepts of consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total surplus are introduced using graphs.
- Government policies that can impact markets are
Market equilibrium and application of demand and supply theoryOnline
The document discusses key concepts in supply and demand including:
1. Market equilibrium is reached at the price where quantity demanded equals quantity supplied.
2. Surpluses and shortages occur when quantities demanded and supplied are not equal.
3. Demand and supply curves can shift due to various factors, impacting equilibrium price and quantity.
4. Price controls like price floors and ceilings can cause surpluses or shortages and unintended consequences.
5. Elasticity measures responsiveness of quantity to price changes and depends on availability of substitutes, budget share spent, and other factors.
The document discusses supply and demand, including the law of demand and how demand curves slope downward, and the law of supply and how supply curves slope upward. It provides examples of how quantity demanded and supplied change in response to price changes, and what can cause a shift in the demand or supply curve, such as changes in tastes, income, the prices of related goods, or expectations.
The document discusses supply and demand fundamentals including:
1. It defines supply and demand as the amounts that consumers are willing/able to buy (demand) and that producers are willing/able to sell (supply) at various prices.
2. The law of demand and law of supply state that demand is inversely related to price while supply is directly related.
3. Equilibrium occurs when quantity demanded equals quantity supplied at the equilibrium price.
4. Disequilibrium can occur in the form of shortages when price is below equilibrium or surpluses when price is above. The market works to move back to equilibrium.
The document discusses supply and demand. It defines demand as the quantity consumers are willing and able to purchase at different prices. The law of demand states that quantity demanded increases when price decreases. Demand can shift due to factors like income, tastes, or prices of substitutes. Supply is defined as the quantity producers are willing to supply at different prices. The law of supply states that quantity supplied increases when price increases. Supply can shift due to costs of production, number of producers, or technology. Equilibrium occurs where quantity supplied equals quantity demanded. Disequilibrium results in shortages or surpluses which push prices toward the equilibrium level.
The document defines and discusses several key concepts related to agriculture and economic development:
1. It identifies the major factors that influence agricultural development patterns and discusses the importance of agriculture as a source of food, cash crops, and foreign exchange.
2. It outlines different types of land tenure and the differences between land reform and agrarian reform.
3. It describes the industrial, transportation, trade, finance, real estate, and private and government service sectors as important parts of the economy.
The document discusses key economic indicators used to measure economic performance, including GDP, GNP, and their components. It explains that GDP is the total value of goods and services produced domestically in a year, while GNP includes output produced by a country's citizens abroad. The main components of GDP are consumer spending, investment, government spending, and net exports. GDP can be calculated via the expenditure approach or income approach.
This document discusses the fundamentals of demand, supply, and market equilibrium. It defines key concepts such as the law of demand, demand curves, determinants of demand, law of supply, supply curves, and determinants of supply. It explains how equilibrium price is reached when quantity demanded equals quantity supplied, and the implications of surpluses and shortages. Price elasticity of demand and supply are also covered, including the factors that influence elasticity and how it relates to total revenue. The document provides an overview of the basic economic framework for analyzing markets.
The document provides an overview of supply and demand fundamentals. It defines key terms like quantity demanded, demand curve, quantity supplied, and supply curve. It explains how supply and demand are determined by price and how shifts can occur due to non-price factors. Examples of demand shifters include income, prices of related goods, tastes and preferences. Supply shifters include input prices, technology changes, and number of sellers. The document uses graphs and examples to illustrate concepts of supply, demand, and market equilibrium.
The document discusses supply and demand. It provides examples of how producers supply more of a good at higher prices due to increased opportunity costs, while consumers consume less at higher prices due to having less money to spend. The key factors that can shift supply curves, such as input costs, technology, taxes, and expectations about future prices are also summarized.
The document discusses supply and demand. It provides examples of how producers supply more at higher prices due to increased opportunity costs, while consumers consume less at higher prices due to having less money to spend. The key factors that can shift supply curves, such as input costs, technology, taxes, and expectations about future prices are also summarized.
Demand is an economic principle that describes a consumer's desire and willingness to pay a price for a specific good or service. Holding all other factors constant, an increase in the price of a good or service will decrease demand, and vice versa.
Demand refers to how much (quantity) of a product or service is desired by buyers. The quantity demanded is the amount of a product people are willing to buy at a certain price; the relationship between price and quantity demanded is known as the demand relationship. Supply represents how much the market can offer.
The document defines demand as the amount of a product consumers are willing and able to purchase at different price levels. It discusses how demand curves are graphed with price on the y-axis and quantity on the x-axis, showing an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded. Supply is defined as the amount producers are willing to provide at different price levels, with supply curves showing a direct relationship between price and quantity supplied. Equilibrium occurs where supply and demand are equal, at the price where quantity supplied equals quantity demanded.
This document provides an overview of demand and supply concepts including:
- The demand curve illustrates the relationship between price and quantity demanded, with demand decreasing as price increases.
- The supply curve shows the relationship between price and quantity supplied, with supply increasing as price rises.
- Market equilibrium is reached at the price where quantity demanded equals quantity supplied.
The document discusses demand and supply and how they relate to pricing. It provides examples of how prices change for various goods depending on factors like seasonal demand, popularity of events, and supply and demand in different locations. These price fluctuations can be explained by the economic concept of supply and demand, which is the main topic of the chapter.
1. The document discusses the concept of demand and supply and how it relates to why certain goods are more expensive at certain times. It provides examples like roses on Valentine's Day and gas prices in the summer.
2. It introduces demand curves and how they relate the inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded, showing this through supply and demand graphs. It also discusses how shifts in demand curves can occur from various determinants.
3. In a few sentences, it effectively summarizes the key topics and concepts discussed in the document relating to supply and demand.
This document provides an overview of market equilibrium and how it is impacted by shifts in supply and demand. It defines key economic concepts such as markets, demand and supply curves, equilibrium price and quantity, surplus and shortage. It then explains how equilibrium is impacted by changes in demand and supply, both independently and simultaneously. Special cases involving perfectly inelastic or elastic demand and supply are covered. The document also discusses consumer surplus, producer surplus, total surplus, and how government intervention through price controls can impact equilibrium and result in deadweight loss. Market failures from externalities and ways to internalize externalities are explained.
This document discusses microeconomic concepts related to supply and demand. It defines key terms like market, demand, supply, competitive market, and equilibrium. It explains the laws of supply and demand - as price increases, quantity demanded decreases and quantity supplied increases. Graphs and diagrams are used to illustrate demand and supply schedules and curves, and how equilibrium price and quantity are determined by the intersection of the demand and supply curves. Shifts in demand and supply are also explained.
The document discusses the concepts of supply and demand in competitive markets. It examines what determines demand and supply for a good, how supply and demand interact to set market price and quantity, and how prices allocate scarce resources. Key factors that influence demand include price, income, prices of substitutes and complements. Supply is influenced by price, costs of inputs, technology and number of sellers. Market equilibrium occurs when quantity demanded equals quantity supplied. The equilibrium price clears the market.
This document provides an overview of demand, the law of demand, determinants of demand, and how changes in demand and quantity demanded are represented. It discusses:
- The law of demand, which states that as price increases, quantity demanded decreases, and vice versa.
- Demand schedules and demand curves, and how demand curves show the negative relationship between price and quantity demanded.
- Assumptions of the law of demand, like tastes remaining constant.
- How shifts in determinants of demand like price of substitutes or complements cause the demand curve to shift.
- The difference between a change in demand (shift of the curve) versus a change in quantity demanded (movement along the
This document provides an overview of supply, demand, and consumer choice concepts including:
- Definitions of demand, the law of demand, and factors that cause shifts in demand. Graphs are used to illustrate demand schedules and curves.
- Definitions of supply, the law of supply, and factors that cause shifts in supply. Graphs are used to illustrate supply schedules and curves.
- How supply and demand interact in a market to determine equilibrium price and quantity. Examples are provided to show the effects of price changes on surpluses and shortages.
- Concepts of consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total surplus are introduced using graphs.
- Government policies that can impact markets are
Market equilibrium and application of demand and supply theoryOnline
The document discusses key concepts in supply and demand including:
1. Market equilibrium is reached at the price where quantity demanded equals quantity supplied.
2. Surpluses and shortages occur when quantities demanded and supplied are not equal.
3. Demand and supply curves can shift due to various factors, impacting equilibrium price and quantity.
4. Price controls like price floors and ceilings can cause surpluses or shortages and unintended consequences.
5. Elasticity measures responsiveness of quantity to price changes and depends on availability of substitutes, budget share spent, and other factors.
The document discusses supply and demand, including the law of demand and how demand curves slope downward, and the law of supply and how supply curves slope upward. It provides examples of how quantity demanded and supplied change in response to price changes, and what can cause a shift in the demand or supply curve, such as changes in tastes, income, the prices of related goods, or expectations.
The document discusses supply and demand fundamentals including:
1. It defines supply and demand as the amounts that consumers are willing/able to buy (demand) and that producers are willing/able to sell (supply) at various prices.
2. The law of demand and law of supply state that demand is inversely related to price while supply is directly related.
3. Equilibrium occurs when quantity demanded equals quantity supplied at the equilibrium price.
4. Disequilibrium can occur in the form of shortages when price is below equilibrium or surpluses when price is above. The market works to move back to equilibrium.
The document discusses supply and demand. It defines demand as the quantity consumers are willing and able to purchase at different prices. The law of demand states that quantity demanded increases when price decreases. Demand can shift due to factors like income, tastes, or prices of substitutes. Supply is defined as the quantity producers are willing to supply at different prices. The law of supply states that quantity supplied increases when price increases. Supply can shift due to costs of production, number of producers, or technology. Equilibrium occurs where quantity supplied equals quantity demanded. Disequilibrium results in shortages or surpluses which push prices toward the equilibrium level.
The document defines and discusses several key concepts related to agriculture and economic development:
1. It identifies the major factors that influence agricultural development patterns and discusses the importance of agriculture as a source of food, cash crops, and foreign exchange.
2. It outlines different types of land tenure and the differences between land reform and agrarian reform.
3. It describes the industrial, transportation, trade, finance, real estate, and private and government service sectors as important parts of the economy.
The document discusses key economic indicators used to measure economic performance, including GDP, GNP, and their components. It explains that GDP is the total value of goods and services produced domestically in a year, while GNP includes output produced by a country's citizens abroad. The main components of GDP are consumer spending, investment, government spending, and net exports. GDP can be calculated via the expenditure approach or income approach.
The circular flow diagram models the transactions in an economy as circular flows between households, firms, and markets. Households receive income and use it to purchase goods and services from firms in markets for goods and services, while firms use income from those sales to purchase factors of production like labor from households in factor markets.
The document discusses the key inputs and factors of production: labor, capital, land, and enterprise. It explains the technical relationship between inputs and outputs, and how the law of diminishing marginal productivity states that increases in a variable input like labor will lead to decreasing returns. There are two categories of inputs - intermediate inputs that are transformed into products, and factor inputs like labor that facilitate this transformation. The document also defines different types of capital, rent, and the role of entrepreneurs in coordinating production.
The document discusses the early River Valley Civilization of ancient Egypt. It describes key aspects of Egyptian civilization such as its geography along the predictable Nile River; its religion centered around polytheistic gods like Ra, Horus, and Isis; and its social structure divided into upper, middle, and lower classes. Egyptian culture is also characterized by its elaborate beliefs about the afterlife and burial practices of mummification and pyramid tombs for pharaohs. Hieroglyphic writing and numerical systems were developed, and science/technology included advanced architecture, engineering, and a calendar system.
The Indus Valley civilization flourished around 2500 BCE along the Indus River in modern-day Pakistan and northwest India. This civilization is also known as the Harappan civilization, named after its first major discovered city of Harappa. The large cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro exhibited grid-like street patterns and advanced sanitation systems for their time. Though a highly advanced urban culture, the Indus Valley/Harappan civilization declined around 1500 BCE for unknown reasons, as their written language remains undeciphered.
The document discusses four early river valley civilizations: the Sumerian, Egyptian, Harappan, and ancient Chinese civilizations. It focuses on details about the Sumerian civilization, which arose around 3000 BCE in the region between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers known as Mesopotamia. The Sumerians developed one of the earliest systems of writing called cuneiform, and invented tools like the wheel, sail, and plow. They established independent city-states with their own governments, cultures, and religions that worshipped many gods. Over time, empires like those of Sargon of Akkad and the Babylonians united the city-states through conquest.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
3. $5
4
3
2
1
DEMAND DEFINED
P QD
10
20
35
55
80
A schedule or a curve that
shows the various amounts of
a product that consumers are
willing and able to purchase at
each of a series of possible
prices.
4. LAW OF DEMAND
• As Price Falls…
…Quantity Demanded Rises
• As Price Rises…
…Quantity Demanded Falls
An inverse relationship exists between
price and quantity demanded
18. DETERMINANTS OF
DEMAND
• Tastes
• Number of Buyers
• Income
– Normal (Superior) & Inferior Goods
• Prices of Related Goods
– Substitutes & Complements
– Unrelated Goods
• Expectations
19. SUPPLY DEFINED
$1
2
3
4
5
P QS
CORN
Supply is a schedule or a curve
showing the amounts of
a product that producers are
willing and able to make
available for sale at each of a
series of possible prices.
5
20
35
50
60
20. LAW OF SUPPLY
• As Price Rises…
…Quantity Supplied Rises
• As Price Falls…
…Quantity Supplied Falls
A direct relationship exists between
price and quantity supplied
21. 5
P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
$5
4
3
2
1
60
50
35
20
5
P QS
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
CORN
Plot the Points
GRAPHING SUPPLY
22. P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
$5
4
3
2
1
60
50
35
20
5
P QS
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
CORN
Plot the Points
GRAPHING SUPPLY
23. 35
P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
$5
4
3
2
1
60
50
35
20
5
P QS
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
CORN
Plot the Points
GRAPHING SUPPLY
24. P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
$5
4
3
2
1
60
50
35
20
5
P QS
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
CORN
Plot the Points
GRAPHING SUPPLY
25. P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
$5
4
3
2
1
60
50
35
20
5
P QS
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
CORN
Plot the Points
GRAPHING SUPPLY
26. S
P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
$5
4
3
2
1
60
50
35
20
5
P QS
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
CORN
Connect the Points
GRAPHING SUPPLY
27. S
P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
$5
4
3
2
1
60
50
35
20
5
P QS
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
CORN
What if
Supply
Increases?
GRAPHING SUPPLY
28. S
P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
$5
4
3
2
1
60
50
35
20
5
P QS
CORN
80
70
60
45
30
S’Increase
in
Supply
Increase
in Quantity
Supplied
GRAPHING SUPPLY
29. S
P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
$5
4
3
2
1
60
50
35
20
5
P QS
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
CORN
What if
Supply
Decreases?
GRAPHING SUPPLY
30. S
P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
$5
4
3
2
1
60
50
35
20
5
P QS
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
CORN
S’
45
30
20
0
--
Decrease
in
Supply
Decrease
in Quantity
Supplied
GRAPHING SUPPLY
31. DETERMINANTS OF
SUPPLY
• Resource Prices
• Technology
• Taxes & Subsidies
• Prices of Other Goods
• Price Expectations
• Number of Sellers
32. DETERMINANTS OF
SUPPLY
• Resource Prices
• Technology
• Taxes & Subsidies
• Prices of Other Goods
• Price Expectations
• Number of Sellers
Combining
with
Demand
34. 7
S
P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
P QD
$5
4
3
2
1
2,000
4,000
7,000
11,000
16,000
$5
4
3
2
1
12,000
10,000
7,000
4,000
1,000
D
P Q
S
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
CORN
MARKET
CORN
MARKET
Market
Clearing
Equilibrium
MARKET DEMAND &
SUPPLY
35. 7
S
P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
P QD
$5
4
3
2
1
2,000
4,000
7,000
11,000
16,000
$5
4
3
2
1
12,000
10,000
7,000
4,000
1,000
D
P Q
S
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
CORN
MARKET
CORN
MARKETSurplus
At a $4 price
more is being
supplied than
demanded
MARKET DEMAND &
SUPPLY
36. 117
S
P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
P QD
$5
4
3
2
1
2,000
4,000
7,000
11,000
16,000
$5
4
3
2
1
12,000
10,000
7,000
4,000
1,000
D
P Q
S
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
CORN
MARKET
CORN
MARKET
At a $2 price
more is being
demanded than
supplied
Shortage
MARKET DEMAND &
SUPPLY
37. 117
S
P
Qo
$5
4
3
2
1
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
P QD
$5
4
3
2
1
2,000
4,000
7,000
11,000
16,000
$5
4
3
2
1
12,000
10,000
7,000
4,000
1,000
D
P Q
S
Price of Corn
Quantity of Corn
CORN
MARKET
CORN
MARKET
Shortage
MARKET DEMAND &
SUPPLY
Surplus
38. Equilibrium
• Equilibrium price – the price toward
which the invisible hand drives the
market.
• Equilibrium quantity – the amount bought
and sold at the equilibrium price.
39. What Equilibrium Isn’t
• Equilibrium isn’t a state of the world, it is
a characteristic of a model.
• Equilibrium isn’t inherently good or bad, it
is simply a state in which dynamic
pressures offset each other.
• When the market is not in equilibrium,
you get either excess supply or excess
demand, and a tendency for price to
change.
40. Excess Supply
• Excess supply – a surplus, the quantity
supplied is greater than quantity
demanded
• Prices tend to fall.
41. Excess Demand
• Excess demand – a shortage, the
quantity demanded is greater than
quantity supplied
• Prices tend to rise.
42. Price Adjusts
• The greater the difference between
quantity supplied and quantity
demanded, the more pressure there is for
prices to rise or fall.
• When quantity demanded equals quantity
supplied, prices have no tendency to
change
44. A
The Graphical Interaction of Supply and
Demand
PriceperDVD
$5.00
4.00
3.50
3.00
2.50
2.00
1.50
1.00
S
D
Quantity of DVDs supplied and
demanded
C
Excess demand
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Excess supply
E
45. The Graphical Interaction of Supply and
Demand
• When price is $3.50 each, quantity supplied
equals 7 and quantity demanded equals 3.
• The excess supply of 4 pushes price down.
46. The Graphical Interaction of Supply and
Demand
• When price is $1.50 each, quantity supplied
equals 3 and quantity demanded equals 7.
• The excess demand of 4 pushes price up.
47. The Graphical Interaction of Supply and
Demand
• When price is $2.50 each, quantity supplied
equals 5 and quantity demanded equals 5.
• There is no excess supply or excess demand,
so price will not rise or fall.
48. The Graphical Interaction of Supply and
Demand
• When price is $2.50 each, quantity supplied
equals 5 and quantity demanded equals 5.
• There is no excess supply or excess demand,
so price will not rise or fall.
49. Shifts in Supply and Demand
• Shifts in either supply or demand change
equilibrium price and quantity.
50. Increase in Demand
• An increase in demand creates excess
demand at the original equilibrium price.
• The excess demand pushes price
upward until a new higher price and
quantity are reached.
51. A
S0
Quantity of DVDs (per week)
$2.50
2.25
0 98 10
Excess demand
D1
Increase in Demand
D0
B
53. Decrease in Supply
• A decrease in supply creates excess
demand at the original equilibrium price.
• The excess demand pushes price
upward until a new higher price and
lower quantity are reached.
55. Government Set Prices
• Price Ceilings
–Shortages
–Rationing Problem
–Black Markets
–Rent Controls
• Price Floors
–Surpluses
56. Price Ceiling
•A maximum price that sellers may charge for a good,
usually set by government.
• Excess Demand
(Shortage)
Created by a
Price Ceiling
57. Price ceiling
• Price Rationing :The process by which the
market system allocates goods and services to
consumers when quantity demanded exceeds
quantity supplied.
• Ration coupons Tickets or coupons that entitle
individuals to purchase a certain amount of a
given product per month.
• Black market A market in which illegal trading
takes place at market-determined prices.
58. •PRICE FLOORS
•Price floor A minimum price
below which exchange is not
permitted.
•Minimum wage A price floor
set under the price of labor.
•Agricultural Products