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From Agriculture to AgTech
An industry transformed beyond
molecules and chemicals
Executive summary	 04
Disruption drivers in
the agricultural industry	 06
Key challenges and
growth opportunities	 08
Planting the seeds for disruption 	 13
How venture capital fertilizes
the revolution	 17
Monitor Deloitte
GrowthPath®
services	 20
Your Contacts at Monitor Deloitte	 23
04
The agricultural industry is about to be disrupted and
will transform into a high-tech industry
From Agriculture to AgTech: an unseen
boom in agricultural venture capital in-
vestment leads to a major disruption
and foreshadows the millennial shift
from family farms to smart “food fac-
tories”.
Today’s agricultural industry is on the verge
of turning into a high-tech industry, as the
growing number of agricultural startups
and investors shows.
Disruption driver No. 1
Ten global megatrends that impact agricul-
ture clearly intensify the transformation:
1. A growing population
2. Societal and demographic changes
3. Increasing urbanization
4. Climate change
5. Smart agricultural technologies
6. Biotechnology
7. Servicization around core products
8. Increasing value chain integration
9. Globalized trade
10. Changing international regulations
Disruption driver No. 2
Partly complementary, partly concurrent,
industry-specific change accelerators in
three categories are amplifying the speed
of disruption in agriculture:
1. New consumer preferences:
the demand for personalized, on-demand
products and increasing awareness for
health and sustainability.
2. Emerging technologies:
developing biological tissues, advanced
manufacturing technologies, autonomous
vehicles, and connected devices.
3. Changing value chain and firm
configurations:
growing trend towards horizontally and/or
vertically integrating adjacent offerings.
Three high-impact growth
opportunities
As a consequence of the identified disrup-
tion drivers, the agricultural ecosystem fac-
es new challenges, from which three signif-
icant growth opportunities for current and
future players can be derived:
1. Improving yield efficiency
The world population, of which 10% re-
main undernourished, is rapidly growing,
thereby creating severe urgency to in-
crease yields.
2. Increasing supply chain efficiency
Reducing the average value chain loss of
33% of initial production is a substantial-
ly stronger lever in increasing effective
output than upfront yield improvement.
3. Decreasing complexity along farm-
ers’ value chain
Since today’s farmer already faces high
complexity and tomorrow’s farmer will
deal with even more players and tech-
nologies after the disruption, farmers
are willing to pay for integrated solutions
and ecosystems.
From Agriculture to AgTech: Executive summary
From Agriculture to AgTech
05
The fourth agricultural revolution is already
on its way and you should invest now
How innovators capitalize on growth
opportunities and plant the seeds for
the fourth agricultural revolution.
Various innovators are trying to harness
the three growth opportunities. While tra-
ditional venture capital firms are only slowly
getting involved, large agrochemical players
are already investing heavily in agricultural
technology – AgTech. Looking at the agri-
cultural ecosystem, there are five major in-
novation fields in which innovators are in-
creasingly active:
1. Rerouting value chains:
multiple players are trying to bridge or skip
value chain steps by direct-to-consumer
delivery, meal kits, food e-commerce etc.
to reduce supply chain inefficiency.
2. Crop efficiency technology:
start-ups and cross-industry innovators
offer drones, robots, big data and shar-
ing platforms as well as irrigation, soil, and
crop technologies to increase effective
yield.
3. Bio-chemicals and bio-energy:
attempting to reduce the ecological foot-
print, innovators develop biologically-pro-
duced agrochemicals and bio-materials
and engage in producing bio-energy.
4. Food technology and artificial meat:
since it takes eight kilograms of grain to
produce one kilogram of meat, firms are
developing plant-based meat and eggs
to harness “sustainable protein”.
5. Contained and vertical farming:
one of the youngest innovation fields,
smart greenhouses and contained farm-
ing are about to take off.
How venture capital is fertilizing
the revolution
After more than doubling from 2014 to
2015, AgTech investment is on an exponen-
tial growth path and follows the steps of
FinTech, surprising traditional and long-es-
tablished players.
Where the revolution is blooming
Starting from the US, other countries like
Israel, China and India are also catching on
to the fourth agricultural revolution, dig-
ging into more innovation fields along the
way. The investment focus will shift away
from the mature food e-commerce sector
to a more diversified portfolio of innovation
fields and targeted value zones.
Why it’s the right time to invest
in AgTech
1. Unseen, rapid growth:
AgTech is not on the radar of tradition-
al investors yet, but investments grew at
63% CAGR from 2010–2015, like FinTech.
2. Low-hanging fruit:
existing players are willing to invest 10-15
years and up to $250 million per product
launch, while innovators are finding lean
solutions and going for low-hanging fruit.
3. Huge market potential:
by tapping into the large 3 trillion dol-
lar global agricultural market, investors
can expect high scalability and signifi-
cant ROI.
The fourth agricultural revolution is about
to disrupt the industry – to be ready to har-
vest, have your GrowthPath®
strategy pre-
pared.
06
Growing population
The world’s population will
reach 10bn in 2050
Globalized trade
Crops are grown in most suitable locations,
then processed and sold internationally
Biotechnology
Genomics and genetic modification
help improving existing varieties
Integrated value chain
Large firms start integrating
vertically to optimize
their value chain
International regulations
Global exports lead to regulatory
entanglements between countries
Servicization
Agrochemical suppliers offer a range
of services around their core product
Urbanization
50% of the world’s population
lives in urban areas
Agricultural technology
New technologies trigger
higher yield and cost
reductions
Societal changes
The need for resource-intensive
food products increases
Climate change
Changing weather conditions
affect soil quality and crop yields
Source: Deloitte Expert Interviews; Destination 2025: Focus on the Future of the Food Industry
(Deloitte and Biobusiness Alliance of Minnesota); The Food Value Chain (Deloitte); UN DESA
The ten global megatrends will lead to a dis-
ruptive transition in the next 5-10 years, in in-
terplay with more industry-specific change
accelerators.
Disruption driver No. 1
Ten impactful megatrends are creating the foundation for
transforming agriculture into a high-tech industry
From Agriculture to AgTech
07
The agricultural disruption will be
accelerated by new consumer
preferences, emerging technolo-
gies and changing firm and value
chain configurations, leading to
new challenges for agricultural
players. While the intensity of the
impact varies, most change accel-
erators will happen in short- to
medium-term.
New consumer preferences
1 Demand for personalized products and
solutions
2 Increased health awareness in food
consumption and supply traceability
3 Expectation to consume services and
products on demand
4 Reduction of ecological footprint and
demand for sustainability
Emerging technologies
5 Advanced application of biological
technologies, tissues, and organisms
6 Advanced manufacturing technologies
including 3D printing and robotics
7 Autonomous vehicles that perform tasks
like phenotyping or fumigating plants
8 Devices and sensors communicating data
via mobile and smart connectivity
Changing configurations
9 Horizontal integration of adjacent
offerings along the agricultural ecosystem
10 Accessing, processing and analyzing big
data to optimize yield
11 Vertical integration of input suppliers to
optimize cost, efficiency and
complementarity
Small impact
Medium impact
Large impact
Disruption driver No. 2
Industry-specific change accelerators will amplify the intensity of the
transformation, varying by time and level of impact
Short
term
Short
term
Long
term
Long
term
Long
term
Short
term
08
Growth opportunity
No. 1
Feeding a growing and in-
creasingly urbanized popu-
lation, of which about 10%
is still undernourished,
there is severe urgency to
increase yields.
Growth opportunity
No. 3
Since today’s farmer al-
ready faces high complex-
ity and tomorrow’s farm-
er will deal with even more
players after the disrup-
tion, farmers will be open
to integrated solutions and
ecosystems.
Growth opportunity
No. 2
Even though technology
has already reduced supply
chain losses, the average
losses of 35% of initial pro-
duction means that a large
amount of value is lost
Confronted with
global trends, regula-
tors, and strong mar-
ket forces, agribusi-
nesses are driven to
rethink their busi-
ness models, which
offers veritable
growth opportuni-
ties for existing and
new players alike.
Due to the effect of disruption drivers, agriculture faces challenges
that offer significant, untapped growth opportunities
Growing population
Yield efficiency
Market
volatility
Capital
availability
Globalization
Supply chain
efficiency
Energy
and water
efficiency
Waste
management
Innovation and
technologies
Wholesale and
distribution
Storage and
transport
ProducersProcessors
Key challenges and opportunities
From Agriculture to AgTech
09
The necessity of increasing production in the face of declin-
ing arable land represents a great growth opportunity for
players who can improve effective yields, as farmers are will-
ing to invest past profits to gain future efficiency.
Growth opportunity No. 1
Players can capitalize on the remaining yield improvement
potential of 30% to feed a growing population
20132012
11,3
12,3
23,923,0
-20%
Billion
People
Hectares Arable
Land per Capita
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2030202520202015201020052000
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
1
5
1
6
1
6
1
7 7 7
1 1
1
8
201320122011
10,6 11,3
12,3
23,923,022,2
Effective
yield
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
SoybeanCornWheatRice
38%
28% 30% 25% ø30%
Source: United Nations; FAO, Syngenta, Monitor Deloitte research
Notwithstanding a 20% decline in arable land per
capita from 2000 to 2030, three billion more people
will be nourished
Yields on key crops still exhibit
a remaining improvement potential
of 30% on average
Remaining potential
Extra yield from crop protection
Yield with no crop protection
World Population, undernourished
World Population, nourished
Yield with no crop protection
Supply chain
efficiency
Yield
efficiency
Innovation and
technologies
10
Growth opportunity No. 2
Source: United Nations, FAO, IWMI 2007, Monitor Deloitte Research
1
The production increase needed to compensate 33% losses is
50%, since losses need to be deducted from any potential yield by
dividing it by the effective yield.
Reducing only a part of the 33% average value chain losses is a
stronger lever than pure yield increase
0
10
20
30
40
e
d
c
b
a
Sub-
Saharan
Africa
North Afria,
West and
Central Asia
South and
South-
East Asia
Latin
America
Japan,
Korea,
China
Europe
incl. Russia
North
America,
Oceania
ø30%
Percentage lost
of initial production
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
SoybeanCornWheatRice
38%
13%
32%
2%
3%
4%
11% 11%
3%
4%
2%
11%
31%
10%
33%
4%
3%
7%
9%
13%
8%
5%
4%
4%
34%
3%
28%
5%
3%
10%
9%
11%
8%
6%
6%
6%
36%
5%
36%
5%
13%
13%
28% 30% 25%
1%
ø22%
ø33%
Value chain losses per processing step by region, as a percentage of initial production
Up to 22% yield losses
could be saved with more
efficient supply chains,
particularly in in popula-
tion-rich, developing econ-
omies.
In order to compensate
33% of value chain losses,
an unfeasible 50%1
yield
increase would be neces-
sary, while increasing sup-
ply chain efficiency by on-
ly 5% points has the same
effect as a 10% yield im-
provement.Consumption-level losses
Distribution losses
Processing and packaging losses
Post-harvest losses
Harvest losses
Supply chain
efficiency
Yield
efficiency
Innovation and
technologies
From Agriculture to AgTech
11
Growth opportunity No. 3
Today’s farmer already faces high complexity, but tomorrow’s
farmer has to cope with even more
Equipment
and machines
Seeds
input
Soil
treatment
Weather
protection
Crop
insurance
Storage and
processing
Finance
and credit
Fertilizers
and pesticides
Equipment OEM
s
Banks, NGOs,
regulators
Seedsuppliers
Processorsand
distributors
Specializedinsuran
ce
and
data providers
Robotics
and drones
innovators
Bio-chemicals
innovators
Seed and
soil tech
innovators
Off-farm
delivery
innovators
Weather
prediction
innovators
Insurance
innovators
Agrochemicals an
d
fertilizersuppliers
?
??
Since tomorrow’s farmers
need to deal with higher
complexity and a rapidly
growing amount of prod-
uct and service offerings
from different input pro-
viders along their value
chain, they will strive for
simple, ease-to-use, com-
plexity-reducing products,
offered as integrated end-
to-end solutions.
Supply chain
efficiency
Yield
efficiency
Innovation and
technologies
12
From Agriculture to AgTech
13
Planting the seeds: five major innovation fields
Startups, cross-industry innovators, and supportive venture capital
firms are increasingly active in five major innovation fields
Banks, NGOs,
regulators
EquipmentOEMs Seedsuppliers
Processorsand
distributors
Specialized
insurance
anddata
providers
Bio-chemicals,
bio-energy and
bio-materials
startups
Foodtech and
artificial meat
startups
Crop efficiency
technology
startups
Contained
farming
startups
Rerouting
value chains
startups
Cross-industry
innovators
Agrochemical
corporate
venture capital
Traditional
venture
capital firms
Agroche
m
icalsand
fertilizer
suppliers
In
novations to harvest potential of growth opportuniti
es
Not only start-
ups are finding
solutions to
harvest growth
opportunities,
as existing
agrochemical
players and
cross-industry
innovators also
join the field.
14
Innovators are leveraging disruption drivers, but value zones
are no more than skimmed on the surface
Planting the seeds: creating new value zones
Growing
Population
Societal
Changes
Urbanization
Climate
Change
Agricultural
Technology
New Consumer Preferences 1 Personalization
2 Health Awareness
3 On-demand availability
4 Sustainability
Emerging Technologies 5 Biotechnology
6 Advanced manufacture
7 Autonomous vehicles
8 Connectivity
Changing Configurations 9 Ecosystem
10 Big data and analytics
11 Vertical integration
Foodtech and
artificial meat
Crop efficiency
technology
Contained
farming
Contained
farming
Bio-chemicals,
bio-energy
Disruption driver No. 2:
Accelerators
Disruption driver No. 1:
Trends
From Agriculture to AgTech
15
Biotechnology Servicization
Value Chain
Integration
Globalized
Trade
Internat.
Regulation
Bio-chemicals,
bio-energy
Rerouting
value chains
Rerouting
value chains
The mapping of the five identified in-
novation fields with disruption drivers
depicts strong value zones into which
new and existing agricultural players
can tap with smart solutions to cap-
ture value and growth potential.
Source: Monitor Deloitte Research
16
Smart agricultural technology – AgTech - innovators harvest these
value zones by building simple, customer-centric solutions
Rerouting value chains
• Reducing inefficiencies along the value chain
• Includes farm2consumers, waste reduction tech
and other technologies
Crop efficiency technology
• Increasing yields at decreased input
• Includes satellite imaging, drones, robotics, artificial
intelligence, big data, irrigation tech and soil tech
Bio-chemicals and bio-energy
• Ongoing trend to biological production technologies
• Includes bio-energy production,
bio-chemical and bio-materials
Foodtech and artificial meat
• Fairly new trends towards replacing meat
• Includes artificial meat and other sustainable
protein technology as well as foodtech
Contained farming
• Newest investment trend in the AgTech sector
• Vertical farming is largely focused on greenhouse
and indoor farming technologies, hydroponics, etc.
Meal kit delivery, off-farm delivery, e-groceries,
crop waste reuse, food waste reuse and reduc-
tion, shelf-life enhancing and monitoring
Biologically produced agrochemicals, microbe-based bio-en-
gineering, bio-crop and –seed, bio-plastics, bio-energy, bio-
gas plant technology
Plant-based meat and egg substitution,
sustainable protein, genome engineering,
livestock genetics, macronutrient products
Smart indoor agriculture, vertical farming, con-
tained farming data and tech platforms, LED light-
ing, aqua- and hydroponics
Agricultural data analytics, robots, drones, sensors, IoT mon-
itoring, farm equipment sharing, efficient irrigation systems,
soil and crop tech, smart phenotyping, satellite imagery
Identified innovation fields Innovators’ solutions to capture value zones
The AgTech disruption is taking place in multiple innovation fields simultaneously. In-
novators are offering specialized, but simple, often fully integrated solutions ranging
from direct delivery services through satellite imagery to automated indoor farming.
Planting the seeds: how innovators capture value
Source: Monitor Deloitte Research
From Agriculture to AgTech
17
Venture capital investment and successful exits are fertilizing the
AgTech revolution, which follows the disruptive growth of FinTech
1559
135512641188
908852788780
652
0
5
50
150
201520142013201220112010
+65% p.a.
2
1
3
4
10
20
30
40
75
100
125
47.0
2.0
0.4
56.0
3.0
0,5
50.0
3.0
1,6
54.0
5.0
2.0
87.0
13.0
2.4
149.0
22.0
4,6
+26% p.a.
+63% p.a.
Global venture capital investment FinTech investment AgTech investment  
Source: United Nations; FAO, Syngenta, Monitor Deloitte research
Note: FinTech refers to startups in the finance and banking industry,
while AgTech refers to startups in the agricultural industry
Fertilizing the revolution: venture capital's role
2013: Monsanto acquires
big data innovator The Climate
Corporation $1.0bn
2012: BASF acquires seed
treatment firm Becker
Underwood $1.0bn
2012: Bayer acquires
bio-pesticides producer
AgraQuest $0.4bn
Total, FinTech, and AgTech venture capital investment 2015 in billion USD
CAGR
2010-2015
18
1,9
1,5
0,5
0,3
0,3
0,1
US AgTech venture capital raised
Blue Apron
Impossible Foods
Planet Labs
Munchery
3D Robotics
135
108
85
93
64
Non-US AgTech venture capital raised
211
200
80
120
HelloFresh (E and F)
Womai
Grofers
Jiuxian
DJI 75
$2.4bn
$0.6bn $0.5bn
Source: Monitor Deloitte Research, AgFunder
While non-US investors are still focused on the mature food
e-commerce sector, AgTech is taking off in the US, Israel and China
Rerouting
value chains
Crop efficiency
technology
Bio-chemicals
and bio-energy
Foodtech and
artificial meat
Contained
farming
Fertilizing the revolution: where it is blooming
Starting from the US, the investment focus is shifting towards countries like Is-
rael, China and India, with investors increasingly diversifying their portfolios
and digging into new innovation fields along the way.
From Agriculture to AgTech
19
The fourth agricultural revolution is taking on steam - three reasons why now is
the right time to invest and lead the disruption
Growing population
The world’s population will
reach 10bn in 2050
AgTech investment is not
yet on traditional investors’
radar, and early investors can
participate in the growth of
63% CAGR from 2010-2015.
Existing players invest 10-15
years and up to $250 million
per product launch, while
startups will go for lean,
low CAPEX solutions.
Tapping into agricultural
growth opportunities,
investors can take a share
in the 3+ trillion USD global
agricultural market.
Unseen,
rapid growth
Low-hanging
fruit
2.1. 3.
Huge market
potential
Fertilizing the revolution: why you should invest
AgTech inves ment is
not yet on tradition-
al investors’ radar,
and early investors
can participate in the
growth of 63% CAGR
from 2010-2015.
Existing players
invest 10-15 years
and up to $250 mil-
lion per product
launch, while start-
ups will go for lean,
low CAPEX solutions.
Tapping into
agricultural growth
opportunities, inves-
tors can take a share
in the 3+ trillion USD
global agricultural
market.
20
How Monitor Deloitte
can help you grow
Monitor Deloitte GrowthPath®
services
Strategy is about choices. We work side by
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to deliver genuine impact and insight to our
agri-business clients.
Making the
Most of
What You
Have Got
Configuring
the Organization
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Unlocking
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Strategic
Choice
Structuring
Revenue
Management
Channel
Strategy
Network
Footprint
Optimization
Consumer
Pricing 
Incentives
Marketing
Excellence
Portfolio/
Market
Review
Target
Operating
Model
Growth Path
Monitor Deloitte supports you
with our proven GrowthPath®
approach and an integrated
MA service portfolio. We will
lead you through the process of
defining your MA strategy, de-
ciding where to play, drafting
scenarios on how to win, and
configuring successfully.
From Agriculture to AgTech
21
Our MA portfolio
Monitor Deloitte professionals are fo-
cused on helping you derive the optimal
value for your firm. We provide compre-
hensive, cross-functional support to ac-
quirers and vendors. Leveraging industry
expertise and functional specialists from
across the Deloitte network, we add more
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igence, delivering seamless incremental
services that help you achieve a competi-
tive advantage.
Closing a deal can be like
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We provide sound legal,
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A structured target
screening process will
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Deal-making is hard.
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Having a solid plan and
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Deal closing and
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Post-merger
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Due
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Target
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Cultivating growth
Worldwide, Deloitte is regarded
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Deloitte is seen as better at
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Monitor Deloitte MA services
22
Our deep industry understanding and our Thought Leadership in AgriScience
enable us to successfully address your strategic needs
Building Partnerships for Sustainable Ag-
riculture and Food Security
World Economic Forum in Collaboration
with Deloitte (led by Shay Eliaz)
The food value
chain, a challenge
for the next century
Agriculture and
Chemistry – a vital,
complicated bond
Agribusiness Out-
look 2015
From Dirt to Data-
The second green
revolution and the
Internet of Things
A capabilities-
based approach to
productive and
innovative RD
Deloitte Africa
Agribusiness Unit -
Prosper and Grow
Monitor Deloitte industry expertise
Source: IDC MarketScape: Worldwide Business Consulting Services 2014 Vendor Assessment by
Cushing Anderson, February 2014, IDC. Reproduced under license.
From Agriculture to AgTech
23
Thierry Laugerette
Europe, Middle East and Africa
Tel: +49 89 29036 8367
tlaugerette@deloitte.de
Shay Eliaz
North America
Tel: +1 646 756 9237
seliaz@deloitte.com
Franziska Stöckel
Europe, Middle East and Africa
Tel: +49 151 5800 4472
fstoeckel@deloitte.de
Jia Ming Li
Asia Pacific
Tel: +86 137 6198 8656
jiamli@deloitte.com.cn
Susanne Uhlmann
Europe, Middle East and Africa
Phone: +49 172 2101 466
suhlmann@deloitte.de
Barbara Violin
Brazil
Phone: +11 96398 1496
bviolin@deloitte.com
Acknowledgements
This piece of Monitor Deloitte Thought
Leadership was written in a cross-conti-
nental effort to condense knowledge from
many different industries to analyze and
understand the future development of ag-
riculture. Thierry Laugerette and Franzis-
ka Stöckel as authors would like to thank
Rudolf Bauer, Anshul Goswami, Shay Eli-
az, Wolfgang Falter, Jim Guill, Carlton Jones,
Alexis Lemeillet, Jia Ming Li, James Manoc-
chi, Susanne Uhlmann, John Vink and Yann
Cohen for their valuable contributions.
The authors also wish to thank Christian
Schmied for assembling the research to
produce this Point of View on the transfor-
mation from agriculture to AgTech.
Authors
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DELO-1879_Monitor-Agriculture-Technology_ks7

  • 1. From Agriculture to AgTech An industry transformed beyond molecules and chemicals
  • 2.
  • 3. Executive summary 04 Disruption drivers in the agricultural industry 06 Key challenges and growth opportunities 08 Planting the seeds for disruption 13 How venture capital fertilizes the revolution 17 Monitor Deloitte GrowthPath® services 20 Your Contacts at Monitor Deloitte 23
  • 4. 04 The agricultural industry is about to be disrupted and will transform into a high-tech industry From Agriculture to AgTech: an unseen boom in agricultural venture capital in- vestment leads to a major disruption and foreshadows the millennial shift from family farms to smart “food fac- tories”. Today’s agricultural industry is on the verge of turning into a high-tech industry, as the growing number of agricultural startups and investors shows. Disruption driver No. 1 Ten global megatrends that impact agricul- ture clearly intensify the transformation: 1. A growing population 2. Societal and demographic changes 3. Increasing urbanization 4. Climate change 5. Smart agricultural technologies 6. Biotechnology 7. Servicization around core products 8. Increasing value chain integration 9. Globalized trade 10. Changing international regulations Disruption driver No. 2 Partly complementary, partly concurrent, industry-specific change accelerators in three categories are amplifying the speed of disruption in agriculture: 1. New consumer preferences: the demand for personalized, on-demand products and increasing awareness for health and sustainability. 2. Emerging technologies: developing biological tissues, advanced manufacturing technologies, autonomous vehicles, and connected devices. 3. Changing value chain and firm configurations: growing trend towards horizontally and/or vertically integrating adjacent offerings. Three high-impact growth opportunities As a consequence of the identified disrup- tion drivers, the agricultural ecosystem fac- es new challenges, from which three signif- icant growth opportunities for current and future players can be derived: 1. Improving yield efficiency The world population, of which 10% re- main undernourished, is rapidly growing, thereby creating severe urgency to in- crease yields. 2. Increasing supply chain efficiency Reducing the average value chain loss of 33% of initial production is a substantial- ly stronger lever in increasing effective output than upfront yield improvement. 3. Decreasing complexity along farm- ers’ value chain Since today’s farmer already faces high complexity and tomorrow’s farmer will deal with even more players and tech- nologies after the disruption, farmers are willing to pay for integrated solutions and ecosystems. From Agriculture to AgTech: Executive summary
  • 5. From Agriculture to AgTech 05 The fourth agricultural revolution is already on its way and you should invest now How innovators capitalize on growth opportunities and plant the seeds for the fourth agricultural revolution. Various innovators are trying to harness the three growth opportunities. While tra- ditional venture capital firms are only slowly getting involved, large agrochemical players are already investing heavily in agricultural technology – AgTech. Looking at the agri- cultural ecosystem, there are five major in- novation fields in which innovators are in- creasingly active: 1. Rerouting value chains: multiple players are trying to bridge or skip value chain steps by direct-to-consumer delivery, meal kits, food e-commerce etc. to reduce supply chain inefficiency. 2. Crop efficiency technology: start-ups and cross-industry innovators offer drones, robots, big data and shar- ing platforms as well as irrigation, soil, and crop technologies to increase effective yield. 3. Bio-chemicals and bio-energy: attempting to reduce the ecological foot- print, innovators develop biologically-pro- duced agrochemicals and bio-materials and engage in producing bio-energy. 4. Food technology and artificial meat: since it takes eight kilograms of grain to produce one kilogram of meat, firms are developing plant-based meat and eggs to harness “sustainable protein”. 5. Contained and vertical farming: one of the youngest innovation fields, smart greenhouses and contained farm- ing are about to take off. How venture capital is fertilizing the revolution After more than doubling from 2014 to 2015, AgTech investment is on an exponen- tial growth path and follows the steps of FinTech, surprising traditional and long-es- tablished players. Where the revolution is blooming Starting from the US, other countries like Israel, China and India are also catching on to the fourth agricultural revolution, dig- ging into more innovation fields along the way. The investment focus will shift away from the mature food e-commerce sector to a more diversified portfolio of innovation fields and targeted value zones. Why it’s the right time to invest in AgTech 1. Unseen, rapid growth: AgTech is not on the radar of tradition- al investors yet, but investments grew at 63% CAGR from 2010–2015, like FinTech. 2. Low-hanging fruit: existing players are willing to invest 10-15 years and up to $250 million per product launch, while innovators are finding lean solutions and going for low-hanging fruit. 3. Huge market potential: by tapping into the large 3 trillion dol- lar global agricultural market, investors can expect high scalability and signifi- cant ROI. The fourth agricultural revolution is about to disrupt the industry – to be ready to har- vest, have your GrowthPath® strategy pre- pared.
  • 6. 06 Growing population The world’s population will reach 10bn in 2050 Globalized trade Crops are grown in most suitable locations, then processed and sold internationally Biotechnology Genomics and genetic modification help improving existing varieties Integrated value chain Large firms start integrating vertically to optimize their value chain International regulations Global exports lead to regulatory entanglements between countries Servicization Agrochemical suppliers offer a range of services around their core product Urbanization 50% of the world’s population lives in urban areas Agricultural technology New technologies trigger higher yield and cost reductions Societal changes The need for resource-intensive food products increases Climate change Changing weather conditions affect soil quality and crop yields Source: Deloitte Expert Interviews; Destination 2025: Focus on the Future of the Food Industry (Deloitte and Biobusiness Alliance of Minnesota); The Food Value Chain (Deloitte); UN DESA The ten global megatrends will lead to a dis- ruptive transition in the next 5-10 years, in in- terplay with more industry-specific change accelerators. Disruption driver No. 1 Ten impactful megatrends are creating the foundation for transforming agriculture into a high-tech industry
  • 7. From Agriculture to AgTech 07 The agricultural disruption will be accelerated by new consumer preferences, emerging technolo- gies and changing firm and value chain configurations, leading to new challenges for agricultural players. While the intensity of the impact varies, most change accel- erators will happen in short- to medium-term. New consumer preferences 1 Demand for personalized products and solutions 2 Increased health awareness in food consumption and supply traceability 3 Expectation to consume services and products on demand 4 Reduction of ecological footprint and demand for sustainability Emerging technologies 5 Advanced application of biological technologies, tissues, and organisms 6 Advanced manufacturing technologies including 3D printing and robotics 7 Autonomous vehicles that perform tasks like phenotyping or fumigating plants 8 Devices and sensors communicating data via mobile and smart connectivity Changing configurations 9 Horizontal integration of adjacent offerings along the agricultural ecosystem 10 Accessing, processing and analyzing big data to optimize yield 11 Vertical integration of input suppliers to optimize cost, efficiency and complementarity Small impact Medium impact Large impact Disruption driver No. 2 Industry-specific change accelerators will amplify the intensity of the transformation, varying by time and level of impact Short term Short term Long term Long term Long term Short term
  • 8. 08 Growth opportunity No. 1 Feeding a growing and in- creasingly urbanized popu- lation, of which about 10% is still undernourished, there is severe urgency to increase yields. Growth opportunity No. 3 Since today’s farmer al- ready faces high complex- ity and tomorrow’s farm- er will deal with even more players after the disrup- tion, farmers will be open to integrated solutions and ecosystems. Growth opportunity No. 2 Even though technology has already reduced supply chain losses, the average losses of 35% of initial pro- duction means that a large amount of value is lost Confronted with global trends, regula- tors, and strong mar- ket forces, agribusi- nesses are driven to rethink their busi- ness models, which offers veritable growth opportuni- ties for existing and new players alike. Due to the effect of disruption drivers, agriculture faces challenges that offer significant, untapped growth opportunities Growing population Yield efficiency Market volatility Capital availability Globalization Supply chain efficiency Energy and water efficiency Waste management Innovation and technologies Wholesale and distribution Storage and transport ProducersProcessors Key challenges and opportunities
  • 9. From Agriculture to AgTech 09 The necessity of increasing production in the face of declin- ing arable land represents a great growth opportunity for players who can improve effective yields, as farmers are will- ing to invest past profits to gain future efficiency. Growth opportunity No. 1 Players can capitalize on the remaining yield improvement potential of 30% to feed a growing population 20132012 11,3 12,3 23,923,0 -20% Billion People Hectares Arable Land per Capita 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2030202520202015201020052000 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25 0,30 1 5 1 6 1 6 1 7 7 7 1 1 1 8 201320122011 10,6 11,3 12,3 23,923,022,2 Effective yield 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 SoybeanCornWheatRice 38% 28% 30% 25% ø30% Source: United Nations; FAO, Syngenta, Monitor Deloitte research Notwithstanding a 20% decline in arable land per capita from 2000 to 2030, three billion more people will be nourished Yields on key crops still exhibit a remaining improvement potential of 30% on average Remaining potential Extra yield from crop protection Yield with no crop protection World Population, undernourished World Population, nourished Yield with no crop protection Supply chain efficiency Yield efficiency Innovation and technologies
  • 10. 10 Growth opportunity No. 2 Source: United Nations, FAO, IWMI 2007, Monitor Deloitte Research 1 The production increase needed to compensate 33% losses is 50%, since losses need to be deducted from any potential yield by dividing it by the effective yield. Reducing only a part of the 33% average value chain losses is a stronger lever than pure yield increase 0 10 20 30 40 e d c b a Sub- Saharan Africa North Afria, West and Central Asia South and South- East Asia Latin America Japan, Korea, China Europe incl. Russia North America, Oceania ø30% Percentage lost of initial production 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 SoybeanCornWheatRice 38% 13% 32% 2% 3% 4% 11% 11% 3% 4% 2% 11% 31% 10% 33% 4% 3% 7% 9% 13% 8% 5% 4% 4% 34% 3% 28% 5% 3% 10% 9% 11% 8% 6% 6% 6% 36% 5% 36% 5% 13% 13% 28% 30% 25% 1% ø22% ø33% Value chain losses per processing step by region, as a percentage of initial production Up to 22% yield losses could be saved with more efficient supply chains, particularly in in popula- tion-rich, developing econ- omies. In order to compensate 33% of value chain losses, an unfeasible 50%1 yield increase would be neces- sary, while increasing sup- ply chain efficiency by on- ly 5% points has the same effect as a 10% yield im- provement.Consumption-level losses Distribution losses Processing and packaging losses Post-harvest losses Harvest losses Supply chain efficiency Yield efficiency Innovation and technologies
  • 11. From Agriculture to AgTech 11 Growth opportunity No. 3 Today’s farmer already faces high complexity, but tomorrow’s farmer has to cope with even more Equipment and machines Seeds input Soil treatment Weather protection Crop insurance Storage and processing Finance and credit Fertilizers and pesticides Equipment OEM s Banks, NGOs, regulators Seedsuppliers Processorsand distributors Specializedinsuran ce and data providers Robotics and drones innovators Bio-chemicals innovators Seed and soil tech innovators Off-farm delivery innovators Weather prediction innovators Insurance innovators Agrochemicals an d fertilizersuppliers ? ?? Since tomorrow’s farmers need to deal with higher complexity and a rapidly growing amount of prod- uct and service offerings from different input pro- viders along their value chain, they will strive for simple, ease-to-use, com- plexity-reducing products, offered as integrated end- to-end solutions. Supply chain efficiency Yield efficiency Innovation and technologies
  • 12. 12
  • 13. From Agriculture to AgTech 13 Planting the seeds: five major innovation fields Startups, cross-industry innovators, and supportive venture capital firms are increasingly active in five major innovation fields Banks, NGOs, regulators EquipmentOEMs Seedsuppliers Processorsand distributors Specialized insurance anddata providers Bio-chemicals, bio-energy and bio-materials startups Foodtech and artificial meat startups Crop efficiency technology startups Contained farming startups Rerouting value chains startups Cross-industry innovators Agrochemical corporate venture capital Traditional venture capital firms Agroche m icalsand fertilizer suppliers In novations to harvest potential of growth opportuniti es Not only start- ups are finding solutions to harvest growth opportunities, as existing agrochemical players and cross-industry innovators also join the field.
  • 14. 14 Innovators are leveraging disruption drivers, but value zones are no more than skimmed on the surface Planting the seeds: creating new value zones Growing Population Societal Changes Urbanization Climate Change Agricultural Technology New Consumer Preferences 1 Personalization 2 Health Awareness 3 On-demand availability 4 Sustainability Emerging Technologies 5 Biotechnology 6 Advanced manufacture 7 Autonomous vehicles 8 Connectivity Changing Configurations 9 Ecosystem 10 Big data and analytics 11 Vertical integration Foodtech and artificial meat Crop efficiency technology Contained farming Contained farming Bio-chemicals, bio-energy Disruption driver No. 2: Accelerators Disruption driver No. 1: Trends
  • 15. From Agriculture to AgTech 15 Biotechnology Servicization Value Chain Integration Globalized Trade Internat. Regulation Bio-chemicals, bio-energy Rerouting value chains Rerouting value chains The mapping of the five identified in- novation fields with disruption drivers depicts strong value zones into which new and existing agricultural players can tap with smart solutions to cap- ture value and growth potential. Source: Monitor Deloitte Research
  • 16. 16 Smart agricultural technology – AgTech - innovators harvest these value zones by building simple, customer-centric solutions Rerouting value chains • Reducing inefficiencies along the value chain • Includes farm2consumers, waste reduction tech and other technologies Crop efficiency technology • Increasing yields at decreased input • Includes satellite imaging, drones, robotics, artificial intelligence, big data, irrigation tech and soil tech Bio-chemicals and bio-energy • Ongoing trend to biological production technologies • Includes bio-energy production, bio-chemical and bio-materials Foodtech and artificial meat • Fairly new trends towards replacing meat • Includes artificial meat and other sustainable protein technology as well as foodtech Contained farming • Newest investment trend in the AgTech sector • Vertical farming is largely focused on greenhouse and indoor farming technologies, hydroponics, etc. Meal kit delivery, off-farm delivery, e-groceries, crop waste reuse, food waste reuse and reduc- tion, shelf-life enhancing and monitoring Biologically produced agrochemicals, microbe-based bio-en- gineering, bio-crop and –seed, bio-plastics, bio-energy, bio- gas plant technology Plant-based meat and egg substitution, sustainable protein, genome engineering, livestock genetics, macronutrient products Smart indoor agriculture, vertical farming, con- tained farming data and tech platforms, LED light- ing, aqua- and hydroponics Agricultural data analytics, robots, drones, sensors, IoT mon- itoring, farm equipment sharing, efficient irrigation systems, soil and crop tech, smart phenotyping, satellite imagery Identified innovation fields Innovators’ solutions to capture value zones The AgTech disruption is taking place in multiple innovation fields simultaneously. In- novators are offering specialized, but simple, often fully integrated solutions ranging from direct delivery services through satellite imagery to automated indoor farming. Planting the seeds: how innovators capture value Source: Monitor Deloitte Research
  • 17. From Agriculture to AgTech 17 Venture capital investment and successful exits are fertilizing the AgTech revolution, which follows the disruptive growth of FinTech 1559 135512641188 908852788780 652 0 5 50 150 201520142013201220112010 +65% p.a. 2 1 3 4 10 20 30 40 75 100 125 47.0 2.0 0.4 56.0 3.0 0,5 50.0 3.0 1,6 54.0 5.0 2.0 87.0 13.0 2.4 149.0 22.0 4,6 +26% p.a. +63% p.a. Global venture capital investment FinTech investment AgTech investment   Source: United Nations; FAO, Syngenta, Monitor Deloitte research Note: FinTech refers to startups in the finance and banking industry, while AgTech refers to startups in the agricultural industry Fertilizing the revolution: venture capital's role 2013: Monsanto acquires big data innovator The Climate Corporation $1.0bn 2012: BASF acquires seed treatment firm Becker Underwood $1.0bn 2012: Bayer acquires bio-pesticides producer AgraQuest $0.4bn Total, FinTech, and AgTech venture capital investment 2015 in billion USD CAGR 2010-2015
  • 18. 18 1,9 1,5 0,5 0,3 0,3 0,1 US AgTech venture capital raised Blue Apron Impossible Foods Planet Labs Munchery 3D Robotics 135 108 85 93 64 Non-US AgTech venture capital raised 211 200 80 120 HelloFresh (E and F) Womai Grofers Jiuxian DJI 75 $2.4bn $0.6bn $0.5bn Source: Monitor Deloitte Research, AgFunder While non-US investors are still focused on the mature food e-commerce sector, AgTech is taking off in the US, Israel and China Rerouting value chains Crop efficiency technology Bio-chemicals and bio-energy Foodtech and artificial meat Contained farming Fertilizing the revolution: where it is blooming Starting from the US, the investment focus is shifting towards countries like Is- rael, China and India, with investors increasingly diversifying their portfolios and digging into new innovation fields along the way.
  • 19. From Agriculture to AgTech 19 The fourth agricultural revolution is taking on steam - three reasons why now is the right time to invest and lead the disruption Growing population The world’s population will reach 10bn in 2050 AgTech investment is not yet on traditional investors’ radar, and early investors can participate in the growth of 63% CAGR from 2010-2015. Existing players invest 10-15 years and up to $250 million per product launch, while startups will go for lean, low CAPEX solutions. Tapping into agricultural growth opportunities, investors can take a share in the 3+ trillion USD global agricultural market. Unseen, rapid growth Low-hanging fruit 2.1. 3. Huge market potential Fertilizing the revolution: why you should invest AgTech inves ment is not yet on tradition- al investors’ radar, and early investors can participate in the growth of 63% CAGR from 2010-2015. Existing players invest 10-15 years and up to $250 mil- lion per product launch, while start- ups will go for lean, low CAPEX solutions. Tapping into agricultural growth opportunities, inves- tors can take a share in the 3+ trillion USD global agricultural market.
  • 20. 20 How Monitor Deloitte can help you grow Monitor Deloitte GrowthPath® services Strategy is about choices. We work side by side with our clients to make the choices that will help stretch and sharpen their am- bition. We understand that strategy stands or falls on execution – and we are known for delivering ‘executable strategy’. With over 15,000 dedicated practitioners in our global SO network, Deloitte’s Strategy practice has the scale, breadth and depth to deliver genuine impact and insight to our agri-business clients. Making the Most of What You Have Got Configuring the Organization for Growth Unlocking New Sources of Growth Strategic Choice Structuring Revenue Management Channel Strategy Network Footprint Optimization Consumer Pricing Incentives Marketing Excellence Portfolio/ Market Review Target Operating Model Growth Path Monitor Deloitte supports you with our proven GrowthPath® approach and an integrated MA service portfolio. We will lead you through the process of defining your MA strategy, de- ciding where to play, drafting scenarios on how to win, and configuring successfully.
  • 21. From Agriculture to AgTech 21 Our MA portfolio Monitor Deloitte professionals are fo- cused on helping you derive the optimal value for your firm. We provide compre- hensive, cross-functional support to ac- quirers and vendors. Leveraging industry expertise and functional specialists from across the Deloitte network, we add more value to an acquisition than pure due dil- igence, delivering seamless incremental services that help you achieve a competi- tive advantage. Closing a deal can be like hitting a moving target. We provide sound legal, tax, accounting, and financial advice to help fulfill your goals. A structured target screening process will benefit in both areas by helping to define your acquisition criteria ahead of time. Whether you want to grow market share or add new competencies, a well-crafted growth strategy will help better prepare you to recognize the opportunities. Deal-making is hard. Integration is even harder. We support you in capturing more value by planning for integration early on in the process. We will lead you through the process of valuation, evaluate the benefits of the acquisition, and perform a comprehensive assessment of the targets. We help clients from concept through execution. Our Integration services include everything from synergy realization to change management. Evaluating a target candidate’s relevant sources of value and identifying any possible risks can significantly increase your chances of a successful deal. Having a solid plan and approach is critical. We support you in designing agreements, deal and tax structuring and quantifying key value levers. Transaction execution Deal closing and integration Post-merger integration Carve-out and separation Due diligence Approach, negotiate, and structure Target screening MA strategy Cultivating growth Worldwide, Deloitte is regarded as among the best of all firms at delivering value-creating inno- vation. Deloitte is seen as better at helping clients reduce costs, im- prove operational efficiency and identify and implement options for growth. Additionally, it is perceived as better at helping clients expand into new mar- kets or geographies. Monitor Deloitte MA services
  • 22. 22 Our deep industry understanding and our Thought Leadership in AgriScience enable us to successfully address your strategic needs Building Partnerships for Sustainable Ag- riculture and Food Security World Economic Forum in Collaboration with Deloitte (led by Shay Eliaz) The food value chain, a challenge for the next century Agriculture and Chemistry – a vital, complicated bond Agribusiness Out- look 2015 From Dirt to Data- The second green revolution and the Internet of Things A capabilities- based approach to productive and innovative RD Deloitte Africa Agribusiness Unit - Prosper and Grow Monitor Deloitte industry expertise Source: IDC MarketScape: Worldwide Business Consulting Services 2014 Vendor Assessment by Cushing Anderson, February 2014, IDC. Reproduced under license.
  • 23. From Agriculture to AgTech 23 Thierry Laugerette Europe, Middle East and Africa Tel: +49 89 29036 8367 tlaugerette@deloitte.de Shay Eliaz North America Tel: +1 646 756 9237 seliaz@deloitte.com Franziska Stöckel Europe, Middle East and Africa Tel: +49 151 5800 4472 fstoeckel@deloitte.de Jia Ming Li Asia Pacific Tel: +86 137 6198 8656 jiamli@deloitte.com.cn Susanne Uhlmann Europe, Middle East and Africa Phone: +49 172 2101 466 suhlmann@deloitte.de Barbara Violin Brazil Phone: +11 96398 1496 bviolin@deloitte.com Acknowledgements This piece of Monitor Deloitte Thought Leadership was written in a cross-conti- nental effort to condense knowledge from many different industries to analyze and understand the future development of ag- riculture. Thierry Laugerette and Franzis- ka Stöckel as authors would like to thank Rudolf Bauer, Anshul Goswami, Shay Eli- az, Wolfgang Falter, Jim Guill, Carlton Jones, Alexis Lemeillet, Jia Ming Li, James Manoc- chi, Susanne Uhlmann, John Vink and Yann Cohen for their valuable contributions. The authors also wish to thank Christian Schmied for assembling the research to produce this Point of View on the transfor- mation from agriculture to AgTech. Authors Your Contacts at Monitor Deloitte Global experts
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