Chapters 9-11 of Fusion 2 discuss the writing modes of definition, process, and classification. Definition is explained as using synonyms, antonyms, context or history to formally state a word's meaning. Process details a series of chronological steps to achieve a result. Classification breaks a topic into distinct groups. Examples are provided for organizing each mode with transitions between steps or categories. A practice paragraph is identified as using the process mode by outlining brushing steps to remove hairballs. Another paragraph is recognized as using the classification mode by dividing smokers into groups. A final paragraph is deemed to employ definition by explaining the original meaning of "home" through context.

1. Fusion 2, Chapters 9-11

2. Ch. 9 – Definition (p.185)
 Definition
 a mode that offers a formal statement or explanation
of a meaning of a word.
 Very common in textbooks

3. Definition
 The author may define the term through:
 Synonyms
 Antonyms
 Placing it in context
 Personal experiences
 The word’s history (called etymology)
 Comparing it to other words

4. Organization for Definition
 The main idea (thesis or topic sentence) statement lists the
word to be defined.
 Definition writing can be organized in:
 Chronological order
 Emphatic order
 Logical order
 Transitions:
 Can be defined as
 Can be considered
 Can mean

5. Ch. 10 – Process (p.209)
 Process
 a mode that details a series of actions, steps, or
changes bringing about a result .
 Examples: recipes, driving directions, how-tos

6. Process Organization
 The main idea statement lists the activity that will be
broken into steps.
 Process is organized in chronological (time) order.
 Transitions:
 First
 Second
 Next
 Last
 After
 Etc.

7. Ch. 11 – Classification (p.233)
 Classification
 a mode that breaks a complex topic into smaller
groups or types.
 Examples: types of cars, stages of cancer, groups of
animals (mammals, reptiles, etc.)

8. Classification
 To classify something, you need to have separate and
distinct groups.
 You can’t have something in more than one group.
 You can’t have something left out of grouping.

9. Organizing Classification
 Main idea statement gives the subject, and tells how the
concept is grouped.
 Classification can be organized:
 Chronologically
 Spatially
 Emphatically
 Transitions
 Another type
 One kind
 Third group

10. Practice
 The paragraph below is an example of which mode?
(definition, process, or classification)
The problem of hairballs that have already formed in cat’s fur can
be solved by proper brushing. In order to brush your cat’s hairballs,
you’ll need two kinds of brushes: a wide-teeth wipe and a metallic one.
The former will help you dissolve and, partially, remove tightly knotted
hairballs without causing any pain or discomfort to your cat. The latter,
used subsequently, will remove excess of loose puffy hair and decrease
the possibility of reoccurrence the next day. Once brushing is over,
make sure to polish your cat’s fur all over his body with the help of a
clean, cotton, or woolen cloth.

11. Practice
The problem of hairballs that have already formed in cat’s fur
can be solved by proper brushing. In order to brush your cat’s
hairballs, you’ll need two kinds of brushes: a wide-teeth wipe
and a metallic one. The former will help you dissolve and,
partially, remove tightly knotted hairballs without causing any
pain or discomfort to your cat. The latter, used subsequently, will
remove excess of loose puffy hair and decrease the possibility of
reoccurrence the next day. Once brushing is over, make sure to
polish your cat’s fur all over his body with the help of a clean,
cotton, or woolen cloth.
This is an example of Process.

12. Practice
 The paragraph below is an example of which mode?
(definition, process, or classification)
Americans can be divided into three groups--smokers, nonsmokers
and that expanding pack of us who have quit. Those who have never
smoked don't know what they're missing, but former smokers, ex-
smokers, reformed smokers can never forget. We are veterans of a personal
war, linked by that watershed experience of ceasing to smoke and by the
temptation to have just one more cigarette. For almost all of us ex-
smokers, smoking continues to play an important role in our lives. And
now that it is being restricted in restaurants around the country and will be
banned in almost all indoor public places in New York State starting next
month, it is vital that everyone understand the different emotional states
cessation of smoking can cause. I have observed four of them; and in the
interest of science I have grouped them as those of the zealot, the
evangelist, the elect and the serene. Each day, each category gains new
recruit.

13. Practice
 The paragraph below is an example of which mode? (definition, process, or
classification)
Americans can be divided into three groups--smokers, nonsmokers and that
expanding pack of us who have quit. Those who have never smoked don't know
what they're missing, but former smokers, ex-smokers, reformed smokers can never
forget. We are veterans of a personal war, linked by that watershed experience of
ceasing to smoke and by the temptation to have just one more cigarette. For almost
all of us ex-smokers, smoking continues to play an important role in our lives. And
now that it is being restricted in restaurants around the country and will be banned
in almost all indoor public places in New York State starting next month, it is vital
that everyone understand the different emotional states cessation of smoking can
cause. I have observed four of them; and in the interest of science I have grouped
them as those of the zealot, the evangelist, the elect and the serene. Each day, each
category gains new recruit.
This is an example of classification.

14. Practice
 The paragraph below is an example of which mode? (definition,
process, or classification)
Originally home meant the center of the world--not in a
geographical, but in an ontological sense. Mircea Eliade has
demonstrated how home was the place from which the world
could be founded. A home was established, as he says, "at the
heart of the real." In traditional societies, everything that made
sense of the world was real; the surrounding chaos existed and
was threatening, but it was threatening because it was unreal.
Without a home at the center of the real, one was not only
shelterless, but also lost in nonbeing, in unreality. Without a
home everything was fragmentation.

15. Practice
 The paragraph below is an example of which mode? (definition,
process, or classification)
Originally home meant the center of the world--not in a
geographical, but in an ontological sense. Mircea Eliade has
demonstrated how home was the place from which the world
could be founded. A home was established, as he says, "at the
heart of the real." In traditional societies, everything that made
sense of the world was real; the surrounding chaos existed and
was threatening, but it was threatening because it was unreal.
Without a home at the center of the real, one was not only
shelterless, but also lost in nonbeing, in unreality. Without a
home everything was fragmentation.
This is an example of definition.