Defining Deviance

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This document discusses perspectives on defining deviance. It outlines sociological and non-sociological views, with the non-sociological views including absolutist, harm, statistical and criminal definitions. The sociological views presented are more helpful, including the relativist perspective that deviance is determined by social norms and customs, the functionalist perspective that deviance serves social functions and is necessary for order, and the social power perspective that those in power define deviance based on factors like gender, class and race. The document concludes that sociological approaches focus on the social construction of meanings and norms in defining deviance.

Technology

DEFINING DEVIANCE
DANIELLE DIRKS, PH.D.

Tuesday, February 7, 12

OUTLINE

PERSPECTIVES ON DEVIANCE

NON-SOCIOLOGICAL

SOCIOLOGICAL

Tuesday, February 7, 12

OBJECTIVE

HOW DO WE DEFINE
WHAT IS “DEVIANT”?

Tuesday, February 7, 12

EXAMPLES OF DEVIANCE?

Tuesday, February 7, 12

ABC’S OF DEVIANCE

ATTITUDES

BEHAVIORS

CONDITIONS

Tuesday, February 7, 12

PERSPECTIVES ON DEVIANCE

THE NOT SO HELPFUL...

1. ABSOLUTIST

2. HARM

3. STATISTICAL

4. CRIMINAL

Tuesday, February 7, 12

ABSOLUTIST

INTRINSIC TO HUMAN CONDITION

OBJECTIVELY UNDERSTOOD

WIDESPREAD CONSENSUS

Tuesday, February 7, 12

HARM

INJURIOUS

DETRIMENTAL

Tuesday, February 7, 12

STATISTICAL

RARE

UNUSUAL

UNCOMMON

Tuesday, February 7, 12

CRIMINAL

ILLEGAL

LAWBREAKING

Tuesday, February 7, 12

CAN WE DO BETTER?

Tuesday, February 7, 12

SOCIOLOGY OF DEVIANCE

NORM MAKING

NORM BREAKING

REACTIONS TO NORM BREAKING

Tuesday, February 7, 12

SOCIOLOGICAL DEFINITIONS

DEVIANCE IS DETERMINED BY...

1. REACTIVE DEFINITIONS

2. NORMATIVE DEFINITIONS

Tuesday, February 7, 12

REACTIVE DEFINITIONS

REACTIONS TO BEHAVIORS / CONDITIONS

CONSEQUENCE OF RULES / SANCTIONS

Tuesday, February 7, 12

NORMATIVE DEFINITIONS

VIOLATION OF NORMS

IMPLIES RELATIVITY

COLLECTIVE QUALITY

Tuesday, February 7, 12

SOCIOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVES

THE MORE HELPFUL...

1. RELATIVIST

2. FUNCTIONALIST

3. SOCIAL POWER

Tuesday, February 7, 12

RELATIVIST
PERSPECTIVES

DEVIANCE IS DETERMINED BY...

1. SOCIAL NORMS

2. CUSTOMS

3. RULES

Tuesday, February 7, 12

DEVIANCE IS
SOCIALLY CONSTRUCTED

Tuesday, February 7, 12

SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION

WE CREATE--OR CONSTRUCT--MEANING

SUBJECTIVE APPROACH TO REALITY

Tuesday, February 7, 12

FUNCTIONALIST
PERSPECTIVES

CLOSEST TO ABSOLUTIST

MORAL ORDER NECESSARY

DEVIANCE SERVES PURPOSE

Tuesday, February 7, 12

FOUR FUNCTIONS
OF DEVIANCE

1. SOCIAL COHESION

2. SOCIAL BOUNDARIES

3. MORAL PASSAGE

4. INSTITUTIONAL THREAT

Tuesday, February 7, 12

DEVIANCE IS NECESSARY
FOR SOCIAL ORDER

Tuesday, February 7, 12

SOCIAL POWER
PERSPECTIVES

POWERFUL MAKE RULES / LAWS

DOMINANT DEFINE DEVIANCE

GENDER, CLASS, RACE, ETHNICITY KEY

Tuesday, February 7, 12

DEVIANCE IS RESULT OF
UNEQUAL POWER

Tuesday, February 7, 12

CONCLUSION

SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACHES FOCUS ON COLLECTIVE
MEANINGS, NORMS AND RULES

SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONISM INFLUENCES NEARLY ALL
SOCIOLOGICAL DEVIANCE APPROACHES

Tuesday, February 7, 12

THANK YOU
DANIELLE DIRKS, PH.D.
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF SOCIOLOGY
OCCIDENTAL COLLEGE
DIRKS@OXY.EDU / @DANIELLEDIRKS
DANIELLEDIRKS.COM

Tuesday, February 7, 12

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Defining Deviance

1. DEFINING DEVIANCE DANIELLE DIRKS, PH.D. Tuesday, February 7, 12

2. OUTLINE PERSPECTIVES ON DEVIANCE NON-SOCIOLOGICAL SOCIOLOGICAL Tuesday, February 7, 12

3. OBJECTIVE HOW DO WE DEFINE WHAT IS “DEVIANT”? Tuesday, February 7, 12

4. EXAMPLES OF DEVIANCE? Tuesday, February 7, 12

5. ABC’S OF DEVIANCE ATTITUDES BEHAVIORS CONDITIONS Tuesday, February 7, 12

6. OUTLINE PERSPECTIVES ON DEVIANCE NON-SOCIOLOGICAL SOCIOLOGICAL Tuesday, February 7, 12

7. PERSPECTIVES ON DEVIANCE THE NOT SO HELPFUL... 1. ABSOLUTIST 2. HARM 3. STATISTICAL 4. CRIMINAL Tuesday, February 7, 12

8. ABSOLUTIST INTRINSIC TO HUMAN CONDITION OBJECTIVELY UNDERSTOOD WIDESPREAD CONSENSUS Tuesday, February 7, 12

9. HARM INJURIOUS DETRIMENTAL Tuesday, February 7, 12

10. STATISTICAL RARE UNUSUAL UNCOMMON Tuesday, February 7, 12

11. CRIMINAL ILLEGAL LAWBREAKING Tuesday, February 7, 12

12. CAN WE DO BETTER? Tuesday, February 7, 12

13. OUTLINE PERSPECTIVES ON DEVIANCE NON-SOCIOLOGICAL SOCIOLOGICAL Tuesday, February 7, 12

14. SOCIOLOGY OF DEVIANCE NORM MAKING NORM BREAKING REACTIONS TO NORM BREAKING Tuesday, February 7, 12

15. SOCIOLOGICAL DEFINITIONS DEVIANCE IS DETERMINED BY... 1. REACTIVE DEFINITIONS 2. NORMATIVE DEFINITIONS Tuesday, February 7, 12

16. REACTIVE DEFINITIONS REACTIONS TO BEHAVIORS / CONDITIONS CONSEQUENCE OF RULES / SANCTIONS Tuesday, February 7, 12

17. NORMATIVE DEFINITIONS VIOLATION OF NORMS IMPLIES RELATIVITY COLLECTIVE QUALITY Tuesday, February 7, 12

18. SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES THE MORE HELPFUL... 1. RELATIVIST 2. FUNCTIONALIST 3. SOCIAL POWER Tuesday, February 7, 12

19. RELATIVIST PERSPECTIVES DEVIANCE IS DETERMINED BY... 1. SOCIAL NORMS 2. CUSTOMS 3. RULES Tuesday, February 7, 12

20. DEVIANCE IS SOCIALLY CONSTRUCTED Tuesday, February 7, 12

21. SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION WE CREATE--OR CONSTRUCT--MEANING SUBJECTIVE APPROACH TO REALITY Tuesday, February 7, 12

22. FUNCTIONALIST PERSPECTIVES CLOSEST TO ABSOLUTIST MORAL ORDER NECESSARY DEVIANCE SERVES PURPOSE Tuesday, February 7, 12

23. FOUR FUNCTIONS OF DEVIANCE 1. SOCIAL COHESION 2. SOCIAL BOUNDARIES 3. MORAL PASSAGE 4. INSTITUTIONAL THREAT Tuesday, February 7, 12

24. DEVIANCE IS NECESSARY FOR SOCIAL ORDER Tuesday, February 7, 12

25. SOCIAL POWER PERSPECTIVES POWERFUL MAKE RULES / LAWS DOMINANT DEFINE DEVIANCE GENDER, CLASS, RACE, ETHNICITY KEY Tuesday, February 7, 12

26. DEVIANCE IS RESULT OF UNEQUAL POWER Tuesday, February 7, 12

27. CONCLUSION SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACHES FOCUS ON COLLECTIVE MEANINGS, NORMS AND RULES SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONISM INFLUENCES NEARLY ALL SOCIOLOGICAL DEVIANCE APPROACHES Tuesday, February 7, 12

28. THANK YOU DANIELLE DIRKS, PH.D. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF SOCIOLOGY OCCIDENTAL COLLEGE DIRKS@OXY.EDU / @DANIELLEDIRKS DANIELLEDIRKS.COM Tuesday, February 7, 12

Defining Deviance

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