Debunking serverless myths
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In this talk we debunk common myths and misconceptions about serverless - how cold starts works, serverless is not just about saving operational cost, think about control with responsibility, and think about vendor lock-in with the reward.
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Debunking serverless myths
- 1. Debunking Serverless Myths Yan Cui @theburningmonk
- 2. Yan Cui http://theburningmonk.com @theburningmonk AWS user for 10 years
- 7. What do you mean by ‘serverless’?
- 8. “Serverless”
- 10. Gojko Adzic It is serverless the same way WiFi is wireless. http://bit.ly/2yQgwwb
- 11. Serverless means… don’t pay for it if no-one uses it don’t need to worry about scaling don’t need to provision and manage servers
- 12. “Function-as-a-Service” AWS Lambda Azure Functions Google Cloud Functions Auth0 Webtask Spotinst Functions Kubeless IBM Cloud Functions
- 13. AWS Lambda
- 14. AWS Lambda API Gateway IOT SNS Kinesis CloudWatch
- 18. Simon Wardley Serverless will fundamentally change how we build business around technology and how you code.
- 19. Why serverless?
- 20. more Scalable (and scales faster!)
- 21. Cheaper (don’t pay for idle servers)
- 22. Resilience (built-in redundancy and multi-AZ)
- 23. Secure
- 24. idea production choose language + framework master language + framework figure out deployment configure AMI configure ELB configure autoscaling capacity planning over-provision for launch are we doing microservices? configure CI/CD
- 25. idea production choose language + framework master language + framework figure out deployment configure AMI configure ELB configure autoscaling capacity planning over-provision for launch are we doing microservices? configure CI/CD
- 26. idea production greater Velocity from idea to product
- 28. less ops responsibility on your shoulders
- 34. serverless is NOT the goal!
- 35. build products customers love to use
- 36. test ideas against the market quickly
- 37. iterate on s
- 39. own less technology, focus on creating Business Values
- 40. own less technology, focus on creating Business Values (serverless is just a good fit for this mindset)
- 41. serverless technologies are still maturing
- 43. DEBUNKING SERVERLESS MYTHS COLD STARTS COLD STARTS overplays or underplays the role of cold starts on serverless performance MYTH #1
- 44. DEBUNKING SERVERLESS MYTHS COLD STARTS COLD STARTS overplays or underplays the role of cold starts on serverless performance MYTH #1 COSTSCOSTS misunderstands thereal cost savings fromadopting serverless MYTH #2
- 45. DEBUNKING SERVERLESS MYTHS COLD STARTS COLD STARTS overplays or underplays the role of cold starts on serverless performance MYTH #1 COSTSCOSTS misunderstands thereal cost savings fromadopting serverless MYTH #2 CONTROL not realise that control of infra requires expensive skillsets to manage MYTH #3 CONTROL
- 46. DEBUNKING SERVERLESS MYTHS COLD STARTS COLD STARTS overplays or underplays the role of cold starts on serverless performance MYTH #1 COSTSCOSTS misunderstands thereal cost savings fromadopting serverless MYTH #2 CONTROL not realise that control of infra requires expensive skillsets to manage MYTH #3 CONTROL LOCK-INnot realise that lock-in risk rewards productivity, and true lock-in is dataMYTH #4 LOCK-IN
- 47. COLD STARTSCOLD STARTS overplays or underplays the role of cold starts on serverless performance MYTH #1 LOCK-IN not realise that lock-in risk rewards productivity, and true lock-in is data MYTH #4 LOCK-INCONTROL not realise that control of infra requires expensive skillsets to manage MYTH #3 CONTROLCOSTSCOSTS misunderstands the real cost savings from adopting serverless MYTH #2
- 50. “cold starts only happen to the first request”
- 51. function invocationconcurrent execution i.e. a container
- 52. function invocationconcurrent execution i.e. a container class instance method call
- 53. Lambda scales the number of concurrent executions based on traffic
- 54. existing “containers” are reused where possible
- 55. time invocation
- 70. FREQUENCY DURATION dictated by user traffic, out of your control
- 72. “Lambda is not a suitable solution for me because of cold starts”
- 73. “what is your latency requirement?”
- 74. cold starts that don’t add to user-facing latency is generally not worth worrying about
- 75. Node.js functions, no VPC, 1GB, averages ~500ms cold start with production workload
- 76. Node.js functions, no VPC, 1GB, averages ~500ms cold start with production workload (good enough for most web applications)
- 77. sporadic spikes latency existed before Lambda
- 78. GC pauses…
- 80. slow downstream, databases, etc.
- 82. cold starts is generally not an issue if you have a steady traffic pattern
- 83. time req/s
- 86. minimise the duration of cold starts so they fall within acceptable latency range
- 87. use higher memory setting if function performs CPU intensive work
- 88. use Node.js, Python or Golang
- 91. avoid VPCs (for now) unless you need to access VPC-protected resources
- 92. COSTSCOSTS misunderstands the real cost savings from adopting serverless MYTH #2 LOCK-IN not realise that lock-in risk rewards productivity, and true lock-in is data MYTH #4 LOCK-INCONTROL not realise that control of infra requires expensive skillsets to manage MYTH #3 CONTROL
- 93. “good luck when Amazon decides to raise the price of Lambda!”
- 94. mind the market force…
- 95. AWS announced 67 price reductions in the last 5 years, and 0 price hikes
- 97. Model Training Low-latency Prediction Serving via Batching
- 103. the platforms need to do better at educating users on how to choose between different services
- 105. https://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~rbc/papers/fse-serverless-17.pdf “This paper presents two case industrial studies of early adopters, showing how migrating an application to the Lambda deployment architecture reduced hosting costs – by between 66% and 95%…”
- 106. what we can easily measure
- 108. what most of your budget is spent on
- 109. what businesses care about what we can easily measure what most of your budget is spent on
- 110. leverage: do more with less
- 111. idea production choose language + framework master language + framework figure out deployment configure AMI configure ELB configure autoscaling capacity planning over-provision for launch are we doing microservices? configure CI/CD
- 113. Serverless might cost you just as much, or even more, but you get so much more done
- 115. 6 developers, 6 months 95% saving against EC2 15x no. of production releases per month
- 117. CONTROL not realise that control of infra requires expensive skillsets to manage MYTH #3 CONTROL LOCK-IN not realise that lock-in risk rewards productivity, and true lock-in is data MYTH #4 LOCK-IN
- 122. Controlling your own infrastructure comes with Responsibilities
- 123. to take on these responsibilities you need to have the relevant skillsets in the organization Controlling your own infrastructure comes with Responsibilities
- 124. to take on these responsibilities you need to have the relevant skillsets in the organization Controlling your own infrastructure comes with Responsibilities ENGINEERS
- 126. to take on these responsibilities you need to have the relevant skillsets in the organization Controlling your own infrastructure comes with Responsibilities ENGINEERS ADMIN
- 127. to take on these responsibilities you need to have the relevant skillsets in the organization Controlling your own infrastructure comes with Responsibilities ENGINEERS ADMIN RECRUITMENT
- 128. to take on these responsibilities you need to have the relevant skillsets in the organization Controlling your own infrastructure comes with Responsibilities ENGINEERS ADMIN RECRUITMENT MARKET
- 130. what are you paying for?
- 131. guard against the temptation to look for control for control sake
- 132. AWS Lambda, Azure Functions, Google Cloud Functions Your custom, container-based, general purpose compute platform
- 134. LOCK-IN not realise that lock-in risk rewards productivity, and true lock-in is data MYTH #4 LOCK-IN
- 135. Lock-in risk Reward
- 136. it’s not a lock-in, it’s a form of coupling that has a switching cost
- 138. “vendor lock-in” switching cost “let’s avoid lock-in” prevention cost
- 140. The true danger with lock-in, especially with serverless, is the potential for data lock-in. Data has gravity. It accumulates. Data is economically disincentivized to leave, by way of platform pricing. This is the single biggest threat to vendor choice.
- 141. Newton’s 41st law: data has gravity
- 142. Newton’s 42nd law: data migration is gonna suck
- 146. “VENDOR LOCK-IN IS THE ROOT OF ALL EVIL”
- 147. to take on these responsibilities you need to have the relevant skills sets in the organization Controlling your own infrastructure comes with Responsibilities ENGINEERS ADMIN RECRUITMENT MARKET
- 148. if you already have the expertise, can their time be better used to generate more business value instead?
- 149. risk is just one side of the coin
- 151. extracting maximum value from your cloud provider minimising undifferentiated heavy-lifting faster time-to-market reward
- 153. own less technology, focus on creating Business Values
- 154. is vendor lock-in a risk? YES
- 155. is the return worth the risk? ABSOLUTELY!
- 156. there are no silver bullets
- 159. control comes with its own baggages
- 160. but sometimes the benefits outweigh the baggages
- 163. https://theburningmonk.com/hire-me AdviseTraining Delivery “Fundamentally, Yan has improved our team by increasing our ability to derive value from AWS and Lambda in particular.” Nick Blair Tech Lead