Phishing, spam, and pharming are types of internet fraud that seek to acquire users' personal or financial information through deception. They can negatively impact businesses through loss of customer trust, damage to brand image, and costs associated with increased security measures. Customers are also at risk of having their information stolen, losing money, and misusing of accounts. NIKE protects itself against these threats through sender authentication, not requesting personal information via email, making important emails unique, and notifying users of account changes.

2. Threat: Phishing - Phishing is a type of Internet fraud that seeks to acquire a user’s credentials by
deception. Phishing messages usually take the form of fake notifications or emails from a site.
Damage caused: It includes theft of passwords, credit card numbers, bank account details and other
confidential information.
How they could effect business:
- Less money because of less trust from customers
- Change the image of the site with peoples opinions
- Less money
- Investing in higher security
How they could effect customers:
- Less trust for a site
- Less use? _ less money spent
- Information stolen, money lost and card or back account used.
How does NIKE protect themselves? How do they reduce targeting?
- Sender authentication
- Only sending necessary emails in order for people not to think its spam or for recipients to
question it
- Never asks for personal information over email
- http://www.csoonline.com/article/221737/phishing-the-basics

3. • Threat: Spam - Spam is anonymous, bulk email. Spam is sent in enormous quantities. Spammers
make money from the small percentage of recipients that actually respond, so for spam to be cost-
effective, the initial mails have to be high-volume.
How they could effect business:
- Less money because of less trust from customers
- Change the image of the site with peoples opinions
- Less money
- Investing in higher security
- Less people may believe transferred information
How they could effect customers:
- Less trust for a site
- Some information might not be believed
- Information stolen, money lost and card or back account used through misleading information
How does NIKE protect themselves? How do they reduce targeting?
- Sender authentication
- Never asks for personal information over email
- Makes certain important emails are unique
- Notifies you on website user logon that an email has been sent and any changes to an account

4. • Pharming - Phishing email messages are designed to steal your identity. They ask for personal data,
or direct you to websites or phone numbers to call where they ask you to provide personal data.
How they could effect business:
- Less money because of less trust from customers
- Change the image of the site with peoples opinions
- Less money
- Investing in higher security
- Less people may believe transferred information
- Little or less responses to real emails
How they could effect customers:
- Less trust for a site
- Some information might not be believed
- Information stolen, money lost and card or back account used through misleading information
- Not as likely to reply to information sent over email
How does NIKE protect themselves? How do they reduce targeting?
- Sender authentication
- Never asks for personal information over email

5. - Firewalls – Firewalls can prevent malware from downloading to a computer. A firewall works by
monitoring connections made to and from a computer.
- Secure socket layer (SSL) – an encryption of data which is transferred over the internet developed by
Netscape. It allows documents to be sent over the internet safely.
- Anti virus protection and software (up to date!) - Programs used to detect and remove computer
viruses. Anti virus software’s are constantly active, attempting to detect viruses. It includes a regular
update service allowing it to keep up to date with the latest viruses and software's that are realised.
- Cookies – Small files of information that are stored on a users computer by web servers on the sites
that the users visit. Cookies are used to identify specific information and looks at the users
preferences.
- Ad-ware – Programs that you usually install onto a computer which tracks online behaviour and
preferences. Just like cookies, although you install the program or often do so without realising.
- Spyware – spyware is similar to Ad-ware, although it is usually more devious within what it is doing.
Spyware effectively ‘customises’ your browser for mostly the worse. Worst cases report if hidden
programs that spy on a users interactions, key-strokes, passwords and general details of computer
usage.
- Privacy policy – A privacy policy is a statement or a declaration of all of the ways in which consumer
data and information will be used.
- Pop up blocker – Software which can infiltrate pop ups before they have a chance to infect. Its an
extension which works with a browser to stop a computer being affected.