The document provides information about Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic's naval history, automobile industry, scientists, athletes, artists, and more. It discusses:
- Czechoslovakia had 14 naval ships in 1984 that sailed under the Czechoslovak flag after establishment in the 1920s. Their only naval battle was on Lake Baikal in 1918.
- The automobile company Skoda began as a bicycle manufacturer in 1896 and produced its first car in 1905. It became a Volkswagen subsidiary after privatization in 1991.
- Notable Czech scientists include chemist Jaroslav Heyrovský who won the Nobel Prize, and inventor Otto Wichterle who developed soft contact lenses. Famous Czech athletes are skier E
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
3. Naval ships under the Czechoslovak flag sailed
shortly after the establishment of
Czechoslovakia. The first such ship was the
schooner Kehrwieder in 1920. The Treaty of
Versailles and the ensuing Barcelona
Declaration made it possible to use national
flags on naval vessels and countries without
their own seaside. During the First Republic
Czechoslovak naval ships belonged to various
companies. During this pre-war period, 80
future officers graduated from the Naval
Academy in Yugoslavia, so after World War II,
Czechoslovakia had at its disposal a number of
experienced captains of long navigation
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.
4. In 1984, Czechoslovakia had
14 naval ships:Košice,
Vítkovice, Blaník, Sitno,
Radhošť, Kriváň, Praha, Mír,
Bratislava, Třinec, Orlík, Slapy,
Lipno a Ostrava
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.
5. The battle on Lake Baikal
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.
6. The battle on Lake Baikal was the only battle fought by the
warships of the Czechoslovak fleet.
In August 1918, Czechoslovak legionnaires under the
command of Colonel Gajda fought for mountain gorges
around Lake Baikal. They were very well protected.
Czechoslovak legionaries in the occupation of the Baikal
ports obtained the steamboats Sibirjak, Buryat and Fedosia.
They armed and used for landing.
15th August Czechoslovak fleet sailed. At that moment the
fog subsided and the legionnaires could attack. The Red
Army thought it was a ship carrying their supplies, which
allowed the Czechoslovaks to approach the port. The Baikal
icebreaker in the port was about to open fire, but the
Czechoslovaks were faster. They opened fire and Baikal was
sunk by an accurate blow from the Sibirjak steamboat.
After half an hour of shelling arrived armored train, from
which was removed cannons, which opened fire on
Czechoslovak ships. Having accomplished the main task, the
legionaries sailed.
The battle on Lake Baikal
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.
8. Beginings of Škoda
As with many long-established car manufacturers, the
company which would become Škoda Auto started in the
early 1890s by manufacturing bicycles. Škoda (then
Laurin & Klement) factories were founded in 1896 as
a velocipede manufacturer.
Their new Slavia motorcycle made its debut in 1899 and
the company became the first motorcycle factory in Central
Europe. In 1900, with a company workforce of 32, Slavia
exports began and 150 machines were shipped to London
for the Hewtson firm. Shortly afterwards, the press credited
them as makers of the first motorcycle.
9. First Škoda car
By 1905, the firm was manufacturing automobiles, making it the second-oldest car
manufacturer in the Czech lands after Tatra. The company, with an area of 7,800
square metres (0.78 ha), had a workforce of 320 and used 170 special machine-tools,
power-driven by 100 horsepower (75 kW) of steam power.
The first model Voiturette A
10. Volkswagen Group subsidiary
The fall of communism with the Velvet Revolution brought great changes to
Czechoslovakia and most industries were subject to privatization. In the case of Škoda
Automobile, the state authorities brought in a strong foreign partner. Volkswagen was
chosen by the Czech government on 9 December 1990, and, as a result, on 28 March
1991 a joint-venture partnership agreement with Volkswagen took place, marked by the
transfer of a 30% share to the Volkswagen Group on 16 April 1991. Until 1990, Škoda was
still making its outdated range of rear engine small family cars, although it had started
production of the Favorit front-wheel drive hatchback in 1987 as an eventual replacement.
Škoda Felicia from 1994 was first new model after takeover by
Volkswagen Group.
17. Pavel Pavel
• This is video with walking statues:
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yvvES47OdmY
18. JAN AMOS KOMENSKÝ
Was a Czech philosopher,
pedagogue and theologian from the
Margraviate of Moravia. Comenius
is considered the founder of modern
educators and is called the Teacher
of Nations. Important places in his
work are pedagogical writing, in
many cases he has overtaken his
time. The most successful of these
is the illustrative textbook of Latin
and now a kind of encyclopedia
called The Door of Languages,
which has been published in many
editions and used Catholics already
in his life.
19. MARIE TEREZIE
It was the first in the world to
introduce compulsory school
attendance in 1592 by the
Duchy of Protestant Pfalz-
Zweibrücken (today's Germany).
... the Habsburg monarchy, the
foundations of schooling were
laid for the reign of Maria
Theresa in 1774. Of the
Habsburg dynasty she was
Archduchess of Austria, Queen
of Hungary She was the only
ruling woman on the Czech
throne. For his government with
many reforms of state
administration, army and
education.
21. Jaroslav Heyrovský
• He was a Czech physical chemist, discoverer and
founder of polarography and winner of the Nobel
Prize in Chemistry in 1959.
22. Otto Wichterle
• He is renowned for his discoveries and inventions,
which have led to a major improvement and
worldwide expansion of soft contact lenses. These
results were based on his original scientific work in
the field of hydrogels. Wichterle is also famous for
the discovery of artificial polyamide fiber - nylon.
31. Painters
• Alfons Mucha= In 1894 he was offered the chance to
create a poster for the Gismond theatre play, which
earned him worldwide renown almost over night.
• Mikoláš Aleš= He began learning as a painter in 1867
and his first paintings he start paint in 1867, but his
paintings were appreciated until the 20th century.
33. Composers
• Bedřich Smetana = In his 50 years he became
completely deaf, but even after hearing loss he was
able to compose a number of top works. His most
famous operas is Libuše and Čertovo nevěsta.
• Antonín Dvořak= He was the most important Czech
composer. In the Jaws movie, the theme song is by
John Williams but the borroved it from an old Dvořák
track called Novosvětská.
35. Writers
• Franz Kafka:He was Prague-born German-language
writer, one of the most literary and award-wining
writers of the 20th century. His works were
translated from German to Czech by Milena
Jesenska
• Jaroslav Seifert= He is the only Czech Nobel
laureate in literature, which he received in 1984.
Despite his complicated relations with Communist
power, he received the title of national artist.
37. Little Mole,
Our childhood hero, taken to space by Andrew Feustel, an astronaut of Czech origin in 2011
BTW, the first astronaut who was neither US nor USSR citizen was
a Czechoslovak Vladimír Remek in 1978!
38. Thank for your attention
Milan,
Matyáš,
Jára
Filip
Alexej
Jakub
Ondřej
Marie
Monika
Alenka
Nikola