Cybercrime in hk
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This document discusses cybercrime issues in Hong Kong. It describes a case of an e-commerce website that was attacked overseas through malware and blackmail, resulting in monetary and reputational damages. While Hong Kong has seen few documented local cyber attacks, factors like high internet penetration, connectivity and low user/SME security awareness make it highly ranked for malware infections and other cybercrimes. The document calls for the government to take a more coordinated approach to cybersecurity through regulation, education, monitoring and sustained funding, in order to address emerging threats from areas like mobile computing and cloud services.
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Cybercrime is a very profitable and attractive business. This is a new phase of cyber theft that involves stealing money directly from banks, rather than from their customers, using phishing attacks to infect the computers of bank employees.
More info: http://bit.ly/2rjD6Gr
CYBER CRIME
Cyber crime threatens financial institutions in several ways. Hackers can access personal or sensitive information by breaking into computers. Cyber stalking and identity theft are also problems. Malicious software can steal data or damage systems. Mobile and online banking are growing targets as they handle more transactions electronically. To address cyber crime, financial institutions must implement security features, share threat information, and work with law enforcement internationally since cyber crimes often cross borders. Comprehensive strategies include prevention, investigation, prosecution, and cooperation between public and private sectors.
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0.docx
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016
DOI 10.5897/JIIS2015.0089
Article Number: 930ADF960210
ISSN 2141-6478
Copyright © 2016
Author(s) retain the copyright of this article
http://www.academicjournals.org/JIIS
Journal of Internet and Information
Systems
Review
Challenges to enforcement of cyber-crimes laws
and policy
Ajayi, E. F. G.
School of Law, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya.
Received 4 August, 2015; Accepted 25 July, 2016
Cybercrime, a concept which to date has defied a globally accepted definition, appears to be the latest
scourge plaguing man and same has occupied the cynosure. The word “cybercrime” is on the lips of
almost everyone involved in the use of the computer and Internet, be it individual, corporate,
organization, national, multinational or international. The attention accorded cybercrimes is not far-
fetched; on one hand, it is partly rooted in its unavoidable nature as a result of the fact that
telecommunications via the cyberspace, is the veritable means by which social interaction, global trade
and commerce are transacted; and on the other, the economic losses to which all citizens are exposed
whether now or in the nearest future. Aside economic losses, other consequences of cybercrimes
includes but not limited to setback to the brand image and company reputation otherwise known as
goodwill, loss of intellectual property and sensitive data, opportunity costs which includes but not
limited to service and employment disruptions, penalties and compensatory payments to affected
clienteles, contractual compensation for delays, cost of countermeasures and insurance, cost of
mitigation strategies and recovery from cyber-attacks, the loss of trade and competitiveness, distortion
of trade and job loss. This paper argues that it is not as if relevant laws and regulations are not in place
because some advanced nations in the world have in one form or another, laws against cybercrimes,
yet, the challenge of cybercrimes remains intractable and bewildering. As nations across the globe
strives to curb cybercrimes through the instrumentality of the law, so are the cyber criminals devising
new and sophisticated techniques to further their trade, thereby rendering impotent, the extant legal
measures. This Article intends to bring to the fore, a comprehensive account of why cybercrimes
remains an albatross in order showcase the enormity of the challenge faced by humanity, in the hope
that, when the extent of the problem is known, may be, a global solution would timeously be fashioned
out, to stem the tide of cybercrimes.
Key words: Cybercrimes, cyber criminals, challenges, enforcement, economic losses.
INTRODUCTION
Cyber-crimes are relatively a new phenomenon but same
has occupied the cynosure of global attention simply
because all citizens of the world, irrespective of whether
private or public, are vulnerable to it, the said vulnerability
Email: [email pr.
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0.docx
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016
DOI 10.5897/JIIS2015.0089
Article Number: 930ADF960210
ISSN 2141-6478
Copyright © 2016
Author(s) retain the copyright of this article
http://www.academicjournals.org/JIIS
Journal of Internet and Information
Systems
Review
Challenges to enforcement of cyber-crimes laws
and policy
Ajayi, E. F. G.
School of Law, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya.
Received 4 August, 2015; Accepted 25 July, 2016
Cybercrime, a concept which to date has defied a globally accepted definition, appears to be the latest
scourge plaguing man and same has occupied the cynosure. The word “cybercrime” is on the lips of
almost everyone involved in the use of the computer and Internet, be it individual, corporate,
organization, national, multinational or international. The attention accorded cybercrimes is not far-
fetched; on one hand, it is partly rooted in its unavoidable nature as a result of the fact that
telecommunications via the cyberspace, is the veritable means by which social interaction, global trade
and commerce are transacted; and on the other, the economic losses to which all citizens are exposed
whether now or in the nearest future. Aside economic losses, other consequences of cybercrimes
includes but not limited to setback to the brand image and company reputation otherwise known as
goodwill, loss of intellectual property and sensitive data, opportunity costs which includes but not
limited to service and employment disruptions, penalties and compensatory payments to affected
clienteles, contractual compensation for delays, cost of countermeasures and insurance, cost of
mitigation strategies and recovery from cyber-attacks, the loss of trade and competitiveness, distortion
of trade and job loss. This paper argues that it is not as if relevant laws and regulations are not in place
because some advanced nations in the world have in one form or another, laws against cybercrimes,
yet, the challenge of cybercrimes remains intractable and bewildering. As nations across the globe
strives to curb cybercrimes through the instrumentality of the law, so are the cyber criminals devising
new and sophisticated techniques to further their trade, thereby rendering impotent, the extant legal
measures. This Article intends to bring to the fore, a comprehensive account of why cybercrimes
remains an albatross in order showcase the enormity of the challenge faced by humanity, in the hope
that, when the extent of the problem is known, may be, a global solution would timeously be fashioned
out, to stem the tide of cybercrimes.
Key words: Cybercrimes, cyber criminals, challenges, enforcement, economic losses.
INTRODUCTION
Cyber-crimes are relatively a new phenomenon but same
has occupied the cynosure of global attention simply
because all citizens of the world, irrespective of whether
private or public, are vulnerable to it, the said vulnerability
Email: [email pr.
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0.docx
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016
DOI 10.5897/JIIS2015.0089
Article Number: 930ADF960210
ISSN 2141-6478
Copyright © 2016
Author(s) retain the copyright of this article
http://www.academicjournals.org/JIIS
Journal of Internet and Information
Systems
Review
Challenges to enforcement of cyber-crimes laws
and policy
Ajayi, E. F. G.
School of Law, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya.
Received 4 August, 2015; Accepted 25 July, 2016
Cybercrime, a concept which to date has defied a globally accepted definition, appears to be the latest
scourge plaguing man and same has occupied the cynosure. The word “cybercrime” is on the lips of
almost everyone involved in the use of the computer and Internet, be it individual, corporate,
organization, national, multinational or international. The attention accorded cybercrimes is not far-
fetched; on one hand, it is partly rooted in its unavoidable nature as a result of the fact that
telecommunications via the cyberspace, is the veritable means by which social interaction, global trade
and commerce are transacted; and on the other, the economic losses to which all citizens are exposed
whether now or in the nearest future. Aside economic losses, other consequences of cybercrimes
includes but not limited to setback to the brand image and company reputation otherwise known as
goodwill, loss of intellectual property and sensitive data, opportunity costs which includes but not
limited to service and employment disruptions, penalties and compensatory payments to affected
clienteles, contractual compensation for delays, cost of countermeasures and insurance, cost of
mitigation strategies and recovery from cyber-attacks, the loss of trade and competitiveness, distortion
of trade and job loss. This paper argues that it is not as if relevant laws and regulations are not in place
because some advanced nations in the world have in one form or another, laws against cybercrimes,
yet, the challenge of cybercrimes remains intractable and bewildering. As nations across the globe
strives to curb cybercrimes through the instrumentality of the law, so are the cyber criminals devising
new and sophisticated techniques to further their trade, thereby rendering impotent, the extant legal
measures. This Article intends to bring to the fore, a comprehensive account of why cybercrimes
remains an albatross in order showcase the enormity of the challenge faced by humanity, in the hope
that, when the extent of the problem is known, may be, a global solution would tim eously be fashioned
out, to stem the tide of cybercrimes.
Key words: Cybercrimes, cyber criminals, challenges, enforcement, economic losses.
INTRODUCTION
Cyber-crimes are relatively a new phenomenon but same
has occupied the cynosure of global attention simply
because all citizens of the world, irrespective of whether
private or public, are vulnerable to it, the said vulnerability
Email: [email p.
WSIS10 Action Line C5 Building Confidence and Security in the use of ICT's
While progress has been made in cybersecurity education, reducing spam, and increasing secure online transactions and incident response capabilities, international cooperation remains fragmented and several challenges remain. Key ongoing challenges include the evolution of technologies and applications, weaknesses in user authentication like passwords, securing the growing Internet of Things, improving detection and response to cyber incidents, developing metrics to measure cybersecurity effectiveness, issues with cloud computing, ensuring child online safety, strengthening the capabilities of national CERT teams, and having more countries develop national cybersecurity strategies. Addressing these challenges will be important for continuing to build confidence and security in ICT use globally.
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016
DOI 10.5897/JIIS2015.0089
Article Number: 930ADF960210
ISSN 2141-6478
Copyright © 2016
Author(s) retain the copyright of this article
http://www.academicjournals.org/JIIS
Journal of Internet and Information
Systems
Review
Challenges to enforcement of cyber-crimes laws
and policy
Ajayi, E. F. G.
School of Law, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya.
Received 4 August, 2015; Accepted 25 July, 2016
Cybercrime, a concept which to date has defied a globally accepted definition, appears to be the latest
scourge plaguing man and same has occupied the cynosure. The word “cybercrime” is on the lips of
almost everyone involved in the use of the computer and Internet, be it individual, corporate,
organization, national, multinational or international. The attention accorded cybercrimes is not far-
fetched; on one hand, it is partly rooted in its unavoidable nature as a result of the fact that
telecommunications via the cyberspace, is the veritable means by which social interaction, global trade
and commerce are transacted; and on the other, the economic losses to which all citizens are exposed
whether now or in the nearest future. Aside economic losses, other consequences of cybercrimes
includes but not limited to setback to the brand image and company reputation otherwise known as
goodwill, loss of intellectual property and sensitive data, opportunity costs which includes but not
limited to service and employment disruptions, penalties and compensatory payments to affected
clienteles, contractual compensation for delays, cost of countermeasures and insurance, cost of
mitigation strategies and recovery from cyber-attacks, the loss of trade and competitiveness, distortion
of trade and job loss. This paper argues that it is not as if relevant laws and regulations are not in place
because some advanced nations in the world have in one form or another, laws against cybercrimes,
yet, the challenge of cybercrimes remains intractable and bewildering. As nations across the globe
strives to curb cybercrimes through the instrumentality of the law, so are the cyber criminals devising
new and sophisticated techniques to further their trade, thereby rendering impotent, the extant legal
measures. This Article intends to bring to the fore, a comprehensive account of why cybercrimes
remains an albatross in order showcase the enormity of the challenge faced by humanity, in the hope
that, when the extent of the problem is known, may be, a global solution would timeously be fashioned
out, to stem the tide of cybercrimes.
Key words: Cybercrimes, cyber criminals, challenges, enforcement, economic losses.
INTRODUCTION
Cyber-crimes are relatively a new phenomenon but same
has occupied the cynosure of global attention simply
because all citizens of the world, irrespective of whether
private or public, are vulnerable to it, the said vulnerability
Email: [email pr ...
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016
DOI 10.5897/JIIS2015.0089
Article Number: 930ADF960210
ISSN 2141-6478
Copyright © 2016
Author(s) retain the copyright of this article
http://www.academicjournals.org/JIIS
Journal of Internet and Information
Systems
Review
Challenges to enforcement of cyber-crimes laws
and policy
Ajayi, E. F. G.
School of Law, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya.
Received 4 August, 2015; Accepted 25 July, 2016
Cybercrime, a concept which to date has defied a globally accepted definition, appears to be the latest
scourge plaguing man and same has occupied the cynosure. The word “cybercrime” is on the lips of
almost everyone involved in the use of the computer and Internet, be it individual, corporate,
organization, national, multinational or international. The attention accorded cybercrimes is not far-
fetched; on one hand, it is partly rooted in its unavoidable nature as a result of the fact that
telecommunications via the cyberspace, is the veritable means by which social interaction, global trade
and commerce are transacted; and on the other, the economic losses to which all citizens are exposed
whether now or in the nearest future. Aside economic losses, other consequences of cybercrimes
includes but not limited to setback to the brand image and company reputation otherwise known as
goodwill, loss of intellectual property and sensitive data, opportunity costs which includes but not
limited to service and employment disruptions, penalties and compensatory payments to affected
clienteles, contractual compensation for delays, cost of countermeasures and insurance, cost of
mitigation strategies and recovery from cyber-attacks, the loss of trade and competitiveness, distortion
of trade and job loss. This paper argues that it is not as if relevant laws and regulations are not in place
because some advanced nations in the world have in one form or another, laws against cybercrimes,
yet, the challenge of cybercrimes remains intractable and bewildering. As nations across the globe
strives to curb cybercrimes through the instrumentality of the law, so are the cyber criminals devising
new and sophisticated techniques to further their trade, thereby rendering impotent, the extant legal
measures. This Article intends to bring to the fore, a comprehensive account of why cybercrimes
remains an albatross in order showcase the enormity of the challenge faced by humanity, in the hope
that, when the extent of the problem is known, may be, a global solution would timeously be fashioned
out, to stem the tide of cybercrimes.
Key words: Cybercrimes, cyber criminals, challenges, enforcement, economic losses.
INTRODUCTION
Cyber-crimes are relatively a new phenomenon but same
has occupied the cynosure of global attention simply
because all citizens of the world, irrespective of whether
private or public, are vulnerable to it, the said vulnerability
Email: [email pr ...
286CHAPTER 14CyberlawCHAPTER 15International and.docx
286
CHAPTER 14:
Cyberlaw
CHAPTER 15:
International and Environmental Law
Unit V
Business Law in the
21st Century
rog80328_14_c14_286-306.indd 286 9/20/16 11:03 AM
© 2016 Bridgepoint Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Not for resale or redistribution.
287
Businesses increasingly operate in a global environment, one linked together by elec-tronic communication that is almost instantaneous, and that now enables even small businesses to do business on an international level. The Internet has vastly increased
opportunity for both businesses and consumers, but it also has brought new hazards in the
form of security and privacy issues. In Chapter 14, we will look at some of the major con-
cerns involving law and the Internet.
As companies increasingly move across national boundaries, an awareness of international
law is important for the business student. In Chapter 15, we will discuss laws impacting
import and export of goods, international contracts, and some of the problems that can
arise when one country’s laws conflict with another’s. We will also examine the major areas
of environmental regulation, noting both where legal protections have been effective, and
where they have fallen short.
As the world grows increasingly interdependent, in terms of both economies and resources,
business practice and the law will both continue to evolve. These chapters will introduce
business students to topics critical to globalization, and hopefully pave the way for future
understanding as changes take place.
rog80328_14_c14_286-306.indd 287 9/20/16 11:03 AM
© 2016 Bridgepoint Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Not for resale or redistribution.
rog80328_14_c14_286-306.indd 288 9/20/16 11:03 AM
© 2016 Bridgepoint Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Not for resale or redistribution.
289
Chapter Overview
14.1 Jurisdiction and the Problem of
Enforcement
14.2 Computer Crime
• Hacking
• Identity Theft
• Fraud
• Phishing
14.3 Cyber Torts
14.4 Privacy
• Cookies and Privacy
• E-Mail and Privacy
• Commercial E-Mail and Privacy
• The Constitution and Privacy
• Computer Crime and Privacy
14.5 E-Contracts
• Click-Wrap Contracts
• Sales Tax
14.6 Intellectual Property
• The Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
• The Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA)
14.7 Chapter Summary
• Focus on Ethics
• Case Study: American Guarantee & Liability Insurance
Co. v. Ingram Micro, Inc.
• Case Study: E. & J. Gallo Winery v. Spider Webs Ltd.
• Critical Thinking Questions
• Hypothetical Case Problems
• Key Terms
14
Learning Objectives
After studying this chapter, you will
be able to:
1. Distinguish the major statutes regulating
cyber activity.
2. Define spam, phishing, click-wraps, and
cookies.
3. Describe the issues relating to privacy
and the Internet.
4. Explain how legal issues about sales tax
affect business on the Internet.
Cyberlaw
Lucenet Patrice/Oredia Eurl/SuperStock
rog80328_14_c14_286-306.indd 289 9/20/16 .
The_SIMbox_fraud_survey.pdf
This document provides a survey of SIMBox fraud in cellular networks, including strategies, evolution, and detection methods. It begins with background on the full telephony ecosystem, including mobile and VoIP networks. It then describes how SIMBox fraud works, involving routing international calls through a SIMBox device to terminate them locally at lower rates. The document explores the components and architecture of SIMBoxes. It examines the evolution of SIMBox fraud strategies towards simulating human behavior. Finally, it categorizes and qualitatively compares different SIMBox detection methods in the literature and discusses future challenges as fraud and technologies continue advancing.
State of Cyber Crime Safety and Security in Banking
The document discusses cybercrime threats facing the banking system, including online fraud, malware, and hacking. These threats have grown significantly over the past 20 years, costing banks billions annually. Common cybercrimes impacting banks are phishing, identity theft, ransomware, and money laundering. To improve security, banks need better authentication systems, employee training, and integrated cybercrime laws. Overall, the rising costs of cybercrime pose a major risk to banks that must be addressed through increased security efforts.
Five Network Security Threats And How To Protect Your Business Wp101112
The document discusses 5 of the most costly network security threats faced by enterprises: 1) botnets, 2) phishing, 3) malware, 4) distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, and 5) increasingly sophisticated attacks. It recommends implementing key layers of control through network perimeter protections, cloud-based security services, mobile device security, and partnering with a managed security provider to help prevent threats and do more with less.
5 network-security-threats
The document discusses 5 of the most costly network security threats faced by enterprises: 1) botnets, 2) phishing, 3) malware, 4) distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, and 5) increasingly sophisticated attacks. It recommends implementing key layers of control through network perimeter protections, cloud-based security services, mobile device security, and endpoint compliance to effectively prevent and mitigate these threats. Outsourcing security functions to a managed security services provider can help organizations do more with less by avoiding in-house technology and staffing costs.
The National Cyber Security Strategy: Success Through Cooperation
The document outlines the Netherlands' National Cyber Security Strategy. It discusses how society has become increasingly dependent on ICT and vulnerable to cyber threats. The strategy aims to improve cyber security through cooperation between public and private sectors. It establishes basic principles such as linking initiatives, public-private partnerships, individual responsibility, and proportional responses. The goal is to create a resilient digital infrastructure while respecting privacy and civil liberties.
Similar to Cybercrime in hk (20)
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0.docx
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0.docx
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0.docx
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0.docx
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0.docx
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0.docx
WSIS10 Action Line C5 Building Confidence and Security in the use of ICT's
WSIS10 Action Line C5 Building Confidence and Security in the use of ICT's
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0
Vol. 6(1), pp. 1-12, August 2016 DOI 10.5897JIIS2015.0
286CHAPTER 14CyberlawCHAPTER 15International and.docx
286CHAPTER 14CyberlawCHAPTER 15International and.docx
State of Cyber Crime Safety and Security in Banking
State of Cyber Crime Safety and Security in Banking
Five Network Security Threats And How To Protect Your Business Wp101112
Five Network Security Threats And How To Protect Your Business Wp101112
The National Cyber Security Strategy: Success Through Cooperation
The National Cyber Security Strategy: Success Through Cooperation
More from Charles Mok
Digital Repression and Techno-Authoritarianism
"Human Rights, Information Integrity, and Democratic Values in a Digitized World" Class notes
Stanford University, Winter 2024
Jan 25, 2024
Threats to the Internet
Charles Mok discusses various threats facing the internet, including digital repression, surveillance, misinformation, internet shutdowns, and data/cyber sovereignty. He notes that data, standards, infrastructure, and values are fragmenting. Regulatory fragmentation is also occurring as democracies seek backdoors, while authoritarians view cybersecurity as a means of regime security and push for more government control over internet governance through conferences like the World Internet Conference. Overall, Mok argues the vision of "One World, One Internet" is under threat from increasing fragmentation across many areas.
Cyber Risks in Hong Kong
This document summarizes cyber risks in Hong Kong following the implementation of the National Security Law in 2020. It discusses how internet freedom has declined, with increased censorship and surveillance powers. New laws and proposals aim to further control the internet, such as requiring SIM card registration, strengthening anti-doxxing laws, and proposals to regulate crowdfunding and criminalize broad cybercrimes. Civil society has retreated amid arrests for online posts, media closures, and website blocking. Overall internet freedom has sharply declined and more restrictions are planned.
ICANN TWNIC TWIGF 2023: Compliance through Compulsion
This document discusses the trend of governments using access restrictions as a policy tool for compliance. It notes that censorship has existed as long as the internet, through methods like the Great Firewall of China. The document examines perspectives from 2011 that viewed access restrictions as minor inconveniences rather than censorship. It analyzes how the UK uses a protective DNS service to block malware while maintaining it is not censorship. Examples from Hong Kong and predictions for other Asian countries show how access restrictions have become mandated under national security laws. The document raises the question of whether similar trends could occur in other countries like the US and Taiwan.
全球數位威權趨勢及對台灣的挑戰和機遇
全球數位威權趨勢及對台灣的挑戰和機遇
Digital Authoritarianism: Global Trends, Challenges and Opportunities for Taiwan
Keynote for Open Culture Foundation
April 8 2023
Taipei, Taiwan
Digital Authoritarianism, Asian Techno-Geopolitics and Technology Fragmentation
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Technology Fragmentation
Talk at Rikkyo University, Tokyo
Apr 3 2023
HKU Tech for Good year2.pdf
This document summarizes Charles Mok's discussion from a 2023 technology conference on issues related to AI, blockchain, cybersecurity, data governance, and internet fragmentation. Key topics included the rapid advancement of AI models from ChatGPT to GPT-4, the collapse of FTX shaking confidence in cryptocurrency and blockchain applications, ongoing debates around internet standards-setting and regulatory approaches, and increasing geopolitical tensions contributing to fragmentation across digital technologies, infrastructure, and values. Mok concluded by questioning if collaboration on these issues can overcome growing divisions.
Technology4democracy: The Potential of Web3 and Blockchain for Democracy
- Web3 aims to decentralize the internet using blockchain technology, removing centralized intermediaries and allowing users to own their own data. This could enable new forms of direct participation like immutable voting. However, others are skeptical that people want to manage their own servers or infrastructure. There are also concerns that Web3 platforms could become controlled by venture capitalists like previous iterations. Some countries and organizations are experimenting with blockchain applications for areas like elections, funding, and transparency. Ensuring governance models are inclusive and address potential threats will be important as Web3 develops.
APAC Data Center Infrastructure Observations
Regulations in the APAC region are expected to favor edge data centers over solely cloud-based infrastructure due to data sovereignty requirements. Increased bandwidth availability in more APAC markets beyond major hubs could lead to greater data center distribution. While green data centers are important, regulations promoting them may not be top national priorities in all APAC countries at this time.
Chinese Digital Repression
Charles Mok discusses China's repressive digital practices, including the Great Firewall that censors the internet, massive government surveillance through tools like facial recognition, and the social credit system. He notes that China is exporting this model of digital control through projects like the Digital Silk Road and by providing technologies to other countries. However, China faces pushback in some Western nations and its efforts to influence global technology standards have met resistance from organizations like IETF and IEEE. Overall, China is actively working to spread its model of internet governance and fragment the global internet while facing challenges to its vision from advocates of multistakeholder governance.
Technology, Data and Ethics
The document discusses issues around technology, data, and ethics for both the public and private sectors. It notes fragmentation of trust, truth, the internet, and data issues that regulators face. It argues regulations alone cannot solve most problems and that putting the pieces together requires data literacy for all stakeholders and joint data governance that empowers users, is consent-based, transparent, and holds organizations accountable. The document was presented by Charles Mok at an ISKO conference on data governance designed with user empowerment, consent, transparency, and accountability at its core.
Censorship, Surveillance and Cyber Threats in Hong Kong.pdf
This document summarizes the decline of internet freedom in Hong Kong over recent years. It describes how censorship was previously non-existent but increased after the national security law was passed in 2020. This allowed authorities to order taking down of online content and surveillance. Many websites and apps were blocked or self-censored in response. Real name registration for SIM cards was also introduced, tightening government control over online activities. The future may include further pressure on global internet platforms to censor in Hong Kong as well as local legislation increasing government powers over online speech.
HKU Tech for Good.pdf
Charles Mok looks at the impacts of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, blockchain, and the metaverse. He discusses both benefits and concerns, such as privacy issues with facial recognition, mounting ethical concerns with the industrialization of AI, and debates around decentralization. He also examines implications of the Ukraine conflict, including hacker activity and big tech's response, as well as what the future internet may look like in regards to issues like social credit, censorship, and online freedom.
Why open and interoperable Internet infrastructure is key to the Internet's c...
The document discusses why an open and interoperable Internet infrastructure is key to the continued success of the Internet. It notes issues like fragmentation, misinformation, censorship and surveillance that have arisen and questions how to re-empower users through technology and multistakeholderism while ensuring regulations lead to an improved Internet.
Misinformation, Fake News and Harmful Content Laws in the World
Charles Mok discusses the challenges with laws around misinformation, fake news, and harmful content globally. He notes that determining what is fake news or misinformation is difficult, as is deciding who should make that judgment. Laws introduced in Germany to stop hate speech have been copied by authoritarian regimes to censor dissent. Similarly, India's new IT rules give the government broad powers to censor content deemed unlawful on social media. Attempts to regulate disinformation raise issues around freedom of expression and the risk of increased censorship. Overall, the presentation cautions that establishing authorities to determine disinformation is problematic and enforcing such rules is not straightforward.
From Re-Opening to Recovery: Post-COVID Security and Privacy Issues and Trends
The document discusses post-COVID security and privacy issues and trends as countries move from pandemic response to recovery. It summarizes contact tracing and exposure notification apps used in various countries and debates around balancing privacy and public health. Issues around vaccine passports and digital identity are also examined, including standards, privacy, inequality and implications. Emerging technologies could advance vaccine tracing but also enable health surveillance. Overall balances in these issues will be important for societies post-pandemic.
From Crypto to Trust and Identity
Fintech and Regtech Opportunities for Asia
4th HIT AI & Blockchain Summit, Taipei, Taiwan
2021.01.06
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Charles Mok discusses the potentials and limitations of artificial intelligence (AI). While AI shows promise in areas like diagnosing diseases, fighting climate change, and translating languages, it also faces limitations. AI may struggle with tasks requiring "System 2" thinking like abstract reasoning, planning, and understanding cause and effect. It can also replicate and even amplify the biases of its human creators. To realize AI's full potentials, Mok argues we must know its limitations, impose proper oversight and controls, ensure ethics and equality are incorporated, and take a realistic approach focused on specific tasks rather than assuming it can solve all problems.
More from Charles Mok (20)
ICANN TWNIC TWIGF 2023: Compliance through Compulsion
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Censorship, Surveillance and Cyber Threats in Hong Kong.pdf
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Misinformation, Fake News and Harmful Content Laws in the World
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From Re-Opening to Recovery: Post-COVID Security and Privacy Issues and Trends
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Cybercrime in hk
- 1. Cybercrime in Hong Kong Charles Mok Internet Society Hong Kong Sep 16 2010
- 6. Act now!