The document outlines various models of curriculum development, including linear, standards-based, and cyclical models. Key models discussed are Tyler’s rational linear model, Taba’s grassroots rational model, and Wiggins and McTighe’s Understanding by Design, each emphasizing a logical and systematic approach to developing curricula. Additional models focus on dynamic and situational analysis, highlighting the interdependence of curriculum elements and their adaptability to different educational contexts.

1. CURRICULUM
DEVELOPMENT
DIFFERENT CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT MODELS

2. LINEAR MODELS
•A rational step-by-step procedure
for curriculum development
starting with objectives

3. TYLER’S RATIONAL
LINEAR MODEL
• Develop by Ralph Tyler at the
University of Chicago
• First model of curriculum
development
• Presented in his book Principles of
Curriculum and Instruction(1949)
• Tyler argued that curriculum
development should be logical and
systematic
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4. TABA’S
GRASSROOTS
RATIONAL MODEL
7 steps to that should be followed when
developing a curriculum:
1. Diagnosis of needs
2. Formulation of objectives
3. Selection of content
4. Organization of content
5. Selection of learning experiences
6. Organization of learning experiences
7. Determination of what to evaluate and ways
and means of doing it
• Presented by Hilda Taba in her
book Curriculum Development:
Theory and Practice in 1962
• A modified version of Tyler’s Model
• Argued that curriculum development
should follow a sequential and
logical process
• All curricula are composed of
fundamental elements

5. STANDARDS-BASED CURRICULUM
DEVELOPMENT MODEL
• Developed by Allan Glatthorn
• Intended for developing curriculum standards
• Identified three phases to be followed in developing a standards-based
curriculum
1. Develop standards
2. Develop benchmarks
3. Develop final products

6. UNDERSTANDING BY DESIGN MODEL
(UBD)
• Developed by Wiggins and McTighe (2002)
• It has become a byword in the Philippine Educational System
• Also called the Backward Design
Three Stages in Backward Design Process
Stage 1: Identify desired results
Stage 2: Determine acceptable evidences
Stage 3: Plan the learning experiences and instruction.

7. SYSTEMATIC DESIGN MODEL
• Originally developed by Robert Diamond
• Undergone major revisions but its structure is unchanged
• This model is prescriptive and rational
• Has two basic phases
1. Project selection and design
2. Production, implementation, and evaluation

8. MURRAY PRINT MODEL FOR CURRICULUM
DEVELOPMENT
• Murray print published his model in his book Curriculum Development Design
in 1988
• Prescribes a sequential and logical approach to curriculum development
• Provide a useful and easy-to-understand process
Phase 1: Organization
Phase 2: Development
Phase 3: Appication

9. CYCLICAL MODELS OF
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
•Prescribe a cyclical or continuous
process of curriculum development
•Usually start with situational analysis

10. AUDREY NICHOLLS AND HOWARD NICHOLLS
MODEL FOR CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
• Emphasizes the cyclical nature of curriculum development
• Curriculum development is a continuous process
• Highly prescriptive and dynamic
• The inclusion of situational analysis as part pf the model is a valuable principle
in curriculum development
• Recognizes the influence and importance of contributing disciplines
• Has the potential to be used in any educational setting

11. WHEELER’S CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
MODEL
• Each element of the curriculum is related and
interdependent
• One cannot proceed to the next phase unless the
preceding phase is done
• Emphasized the importance of starting from the
development of aims, goals, objectives

12. THE CONTEXTUAL FILTERS MODEL OF
COURSE PLANNING
• Developed by Stark, Lowther, Bentley, Ryan, Martens, Genthon,Wren, and
Shaw in 1990
• Appeared in the book Shaping the College Curriculum
• Presents a cyclical view of curriculum view
• This model is very teacher-centered
• Could have been very useful for faculty members

13. DYNAMIC MODELS OF CURRICULUM
DEVELOPMENT
•Describe how curriculum workers
develop curricula in various
educational context
•Usually used in school-based settings

14. WALKER’S MODEL OF CURRICULUM
DEVELOPMENT
• Develop by Decker Walker and first published in 1971
• Identify three phases, which he termed platform, deliberation, and design
Platform Phase
- Curriculum workers bring with them their individual beliefs, knowledge, and values
Deliberation Phase
- Involves identifying which facts are needed for means and ends
Design Phase
- Involves planning, decision-making, and the actual development of the curriculum
• It reflects the realities of how curriculum workers plan and develop a curriculum

15. SKILBECK’S CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
MODEL
• Curriculum workers may start from any phase
• Each phase is interrelated and follows a systematic sequence
• A situational analysis that involves gathering data

16. EISNER’S ARTISTIC APPROACH TO
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
• Developed by Elliot W. Eisner in 1979 from the book The Educational
Imagination
• Believed that there is a need to develop a new theory that recognizes the
artistry of teaching that is useful in helping teachers develop those arts

17. 1. Goals and their priorities
2. Content of curriculum
3. Types of learning opportunities
4. Organization of learning opportunities
5. Organization of content areas
6. Mode of presentation and mode of response
7. Types of evaluation procedure
Eisner’s Artistic Model of Curriculum
Development

18. PAWILEN’S MODEL FOR DEVELOPING
CURRICULUM
• Develop curriculum that is relevant and appropriate to the Philippine
context