This document summarizes key events and technological developments in computing from 2006-2007. Some of the highlights mentioned include the 15th anniversary of the World Wide Web, Intel releasing dual-core processors, and Microsoft launching Windows XP Starter Edition as part of an initiative to address the digital divide. It also discusses projects aimed at developing $10 laptops for children in developing countries.

1. Computer Society KZN 2007

2. WWW turned 15 2006 1 Billion users

3. 2006 The PC turned 25 2006 8086 microprocessor, 32K memory 2x 160Kb floppy drives, 320 x 240 green screen, MSDOS 1.0, Word perfect, Visicalc, Pacman

4. The Hard Drive turned 50 2006 1956 the worlds first hard drive 4.4mb

6. For the first time, the PC market was led by technology from a company other than INTEL… 2005

7. Intel proves how deep its pipeline is accelerated releases an awesome array of Dual-Core Duo processors for the client... and AMD responds by posted profit warnings 2006

8. More to come.... The biggest change in transistor technology" since the late 1960s...Gordon Moore Moore's Law states that the number of transistors on a chip could double every 24 months (history for 45 years). New high-k metals technology reducing transistors from 65nm to 45nm and 20nanometres (billionths of a metre) Faster and more efficient. 800 million transistors into a chip half the size of a postage stamp 2006

9. Microsoft 1978

11. Ubuntu 7.04 (code named "Feisty Fawn")

12. “ Hell Froze over. Pigs flew” 2007

13. Nokia sold its 1 billionth cell phone since beginning in the 1980s. 1 billion Mobile phones sold > 10 x many digital cameras 2005 2006 2007 > 2.4 billion cellphone users world wide > 1,000 new customers a minute 59 % in developing countries Cellphones the first telecommunications technology in history where there are more users in the developing world Usage in Africa is growing faster than anywhere 63 million users to 152 million in two years Congo 3.2 million cellphone users 20,000 conventional land lines. 8,000 new users a day

14. Laptop of the Future Complete multimedia device Mobile Phone

16. OLPC Classmate PC

17. The OLPC (One Laptop per child) project One billion people by 2015. low cost, durable laptop, designed to work specifically in an educational context. Cost $100 - $150. $3.00 Intel have developed the low-cost Classmate PC Microsoft Unlimited Potential scheme, - student Innovation Suite. The package includes Windows XP Starter Edition, Microsoft Office Home and Student 2007, as well as other educational software for $3.00 The scheme is one of many launched by organisations and big business to address the digital divide. Aim to put computer technology in the hands of 1/2 world's population by 2015.

18. India aims for $10 laptop Posted by Michael Kanellos The Human Resources Development ministry in India is trying to get engineers to devise a $10 laptop. So far, the ministry is looking at two different designs: one from an engineering student at the Vellore Institute of Technology and another from the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore, according to the Times of India. The Institute of Science is a grad school. Out of over 100,000 annual applications, it takes about 350.) So far, one of the laptops, costs about $47. We are hopeful it would come down to $10. The $100 laptop from Nicholas Negroponte has ballooned up to $175. These laptops will be made on a single board. And most likely, it will be made with old, discarded component. You and I may not want them, but a lot of old components are pretty good. A 1GHz processor is considered out-of-date these days.

21. The last 160,000 years and the next 100 years CO 2 and Temperature: Time (thousands of years) 160 120 80 40 Now – 10 0 10 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 CO 2 in 2100 (with business as usual) Double pre-industrial CO 2 Lowest possible CO 2 stabilisation level by 2100 CO 2 now Temperature difference from now °C CO 2 concentration ( ppmv ) 400,000yr peak conc. First record of modern humans *

22. Environment Food Freshwater Soil Fuel Flood regulation Disease regulation Assimilative capacity Natural capital Social capital Human capital Social Economic Manufactured capital Financial capital Trust Democratic Institutions Equality Natural Social Human Financial Manufactured nature society economy 5 Capital Model Health Knowledge Literacy Skills

23. Control - The normal enterprise Capital controls labour Return on Equity Limitation of Risk Security Wages Opposing Forces Status Bonuses Capital Employees Management

27. The difference to the Service-Profit chain Increased Customer Service Value Increased employee satisfaction Increased internal service quality Increased employee retention Increased employee productivity Increased Customer Satisfaction Increased Customer Loyalty Revenue growth Profitability Capital gain Dividends Just & fair Sharing Happiness

30. Write off as a percentage of revenue per employee

32. 1. Industry Social infrastructure

36. The QHUBEKA partnership Bikes for Community Development Organisations ITDP BEN NGO Partners Function Bike Design, Quality Assurance, Manufacturing Contracts Procurement, SLM Shipping & Transportation Bike Sustainability Community Development Projects CSA - Cycling South Africa GC - Gauteng Cycling BMX SA DoT - Department of Transport Republic of South Africa DoH - Department of Health of South Africa ??? DoS - Department of Sport of South Africa ??? DoF - Department of Forestry of South Africa??? DoE Department of Education of South Africa ???

37. Angeline Nchabeleng - DoT, Anthony, Minister of Transport - Jeff Radebe, Bheki - Qhubeka. Bike hand over NMT Conference Midrand March 2007

38. 1. Single speed back pedal brake 5. Strong steel pedals 2. Strong chain 4.Ring Guard 6. Aluminum rims 10. 36 spokes 7. Schreader valves 13. Steel frame - strong welds Can be easily welded & repaired Qhubeka Bike Single Speed MTB 3. Bike Stand 8. Thick puncture resistant tires & tubes 11. Strong steel mudguards 14. Comfortable unisex saddle 15. Strong load carrying rack 9. Strong High quality rust resistant Aluminum JoyTech Hubs 12. Strong high quality rust resistant JoyTech bottom bracket 16. Side reflectors 16 critical features

39. Kwajobe

40. Kwajobe

41. Kwajobe

42. Kwajobe

43. Kwajobe

44. Mont-Aux-Sources

45. Text Wildlife & Environmental Society SA Eco-Schools Project 2006 - 100

46. Hawkstone Primary (Karlkloof) Siphisihle Primary (Mpophomeni) Nottingham Rd (Nott.Rd) Esiphetwini Primary (Nott.Rd) Carshalton Farm School (Mooi R.) Eqhweni Primary (Drakensberg) Thelamama Primary (Ndumo) 7 winning Eco-Schools ‘ I want to come early to school and I don’t want to waste my mom’s money for transport and the transport also makes a lot of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere of mother earth. I hope my application to win a bicycle will be successful.’ Silindokuhle Skhosane in Grade 6 from Nottingham Rd Combined schools

47. Motivation

48. Carshalton Practical project

49. Hydroponics Practical project

50. Thelamama Ndumo Practical project

51. Micro Economic Engines

52. Theoretical project

53. Hawkstone

54. Hawkstone

55. Doctor Sithole - Nottingham Road

56. Huntington - 550 Children between 13 and 18 years old walk 7.5 Km to school and back in dusty and dangerous conditions

57. Huntington 07h00 15 minutes to go