The purpose of this study is to examine investors’ perceptions about investing in crypto-currencies. We think that investors trust in crypto-currencies is largely driven by crypto-currency comprehension, trust in government, and transaction speed. This is the first study to examine crypto-currencies from the investor’s perspective. Following that, we discover important antecedents of crypto-currency confidence. Second, we look at the government's role in crypto-currencies. The importance of this study is: first, crypto-currencies have the potential to disrupt the current economic system as the debate is all about impact of decentralization of transactions; thus, further research into how it affects investors trust is essential; and second, access to crypto-currencies. Finally, if Fin-Tech companies or banks want to enter the bitcoin industry may not attract huge advertising costs as well as marketing to soothe clients' concerns about investing in various digital currencies The research sheds light on indecisiveness in the context of marketing aspects adopted by demonstrating investors are aware about the crypto.
The cryptocurrencies were designed to be medium of exchange. The blockchain technology on which cryptocurrencies are based on offers many possibilities for computer science and all future businesses. For the past decade experts as well as laypeople have been experiencing cryptocurrencies in extremes. They either have a very positive attitude or a very negative attitude towards them. Experts who have very positive attitudes towards them believe that cryptocurrencies create new ways of conducting business and new ways of trust relationships are managed. Experts who have very negative attitudes towards them often emphasize the fact that they are often linked to negative connotations such as being a tool for criminal activities or skipping social responsibilities such as tax avoidance and corruption. They also emphasize the fact that it is a new, unexplored technology and an unstable market. The blockchain technology on which cryptocurrencies are based on offers man possibilities for computer science and all future businesses. For the past decade experts as well as laypeople have been experiencing cryptocurrencies in extremes. There are more than 1,600 cryptocurrencies in circulation today, with a combined market cap of over 289 billion, according to Coin Market Cap data. Investors around the world are eager to trade in this rapidly growing space, and a slew of cryptocurrency platforms have emerged to meet the need for infrastructure to support the exchange of digital currencies. Though they call themselves exchanges, from an investors standpoint they function similarly to e brokerages and their rapid rise is reminiscent of the explosion of electronic discount brokerage firms during the dotcom bubble of the late 1990s. Dr. Chandrakant N. Kokate "Cryptocurrency: Advantages and Disadvantages" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52656.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/financial-economics/52656/cryptocurrency-advantages-and-disadvantages/dr-chandrakant-n-kokate
Investing in Cryptocurrency.
Bitcoin is back in the headlines after a three-year respite. It’s discussed on CNBC
daily, and political figures, financial gurus and regulatory officials are repeatedly
asked for their opinion. At this point, much attention has been focused on what
Bitcoin is and how it works, but that in some ways, is the easy part. Assuming the
underlying blockchain technology works, is Bitcoin or any other of the
cryptocurrencies something investors should consider for their portfolios? That’s
the more difficult question.
Investment in Cryptocurrencies: A comparative study. International Journal of...Olawale Daniel
Technology has created a significant difference in the lives of the people due to paradigm shift from offline activities to online activities. Cryptocurrency is a digital coin money based on the concept of cryptography encryption and electronic connectivity to function. Cryptocurrency is one of the best inventions in the context of financial sector. Being a decentralised currency, it also opposes the intervention of central banks and digital currencies by them. It transforms the virtual trade market by introducing a free rein trading mechanism that operates without the involvement and regulation of a third party. Digital currencies in today’s scenario become need of the hour thus this paper compares the most prevalent cryptocurrencies of India on the basis of market capitalization rate. The paper also aims to study the key characteristics of the digital currencies.
Project: Bitcoin - Revolution in International Payment ProcessingDinesh Kumar
Executive Summary
“Bitcoin is a remarkable cryptographic achievement and the ability to create something that is not duplicable in the digital world has enormous value.” Eric Schmidt, Executive chairman Alphabet
Bitcoin is a digital, decentralized, partially anonymous currency, not backed by any government or other legal entity, and not redeemable for gold or other commodity. It relies on peer-to-peer networking and cryptography to maintain its integrity. Its proponents argue that Bitcoin has many properties that could make it an ideal currency for mainstream consumers and merchants. For example, bitcoins are highly liquid, have low transaction costs, can be used to send payments quickly across the internet, and can be used to make micropayments. This new currency could also hold the key to allowing organizations such as Wikileaks, hated by governments, to receive donations and conduct business anonymously.
Amazingly, as of October 2011, a bitcoin (currency ticker BTC) is worth about two U.S. Dollars (USD), there are about $20 million worth of bitcoins in existence, there are probably around 20,000 Bitcoin users, and over $300,000 worth of bitcoins are traded every day.
Although the Bitcoin economy is flourishing, users are anxious about Bitcoin’s legal status and the possibility of a government crackdown. Some point to Bitcoin’s ability, like all digital and anonymous currencies, to facilitate money laundering, tax evasion, and trade in illegal drugs and child pornography. Indeed, the U.S. government prosecuted and shut down the creators of e-gold, a digital currency backed by gold, under state and federal laws for conspiracy to commit money laundering, and also for providing services to those involved in “child exploitation, credit card fraud, and wire (investment) fraud”. Others point to governments’ purported interests in protecting their economies and monopolies on minting new money. These individuals point to the successful prosecution and conviction of the creator of the Liberty Dollar, a paper and coin based currency backed by gold and other precious metals.
Hence, no faith or trust towards the financers or politicians was required in case of Bitcoin, but only in Nakamoto’s well-designed algorithms. Not only the public ledger of Bitcoin, i.e. the ‘block chain’ seemed to fend off fraud, but also kept the money supply of Bitcoin growing at a predictable rate due to the prearranged release of the virtual currency. The Bitcoin network came into existence with the release of open source Bitcoin client and with the issuance of the first Bitcoin. Satoshi mined 18 the first 50 Bitcoin which are famously known as the “Genesis Block”.
In the same year the exchange rate of Bitcoin was first published by liberty standard at $1 for 1,309.03 BTC. Within a couple of years, around February 2011, Bitcoin achieved dollar parity and was now being accepted all over the world as a mode of payment for a plethora of products.
A cryptocurrency video course for beginners from an ex-Agora guru now publishing independently.
High quality content, great conversions and happy customers.
Bitcoin Desk Clock is a Real-time crypto ticker display. 500+ cryptocurrencies, select the end of your favorite to enjoy the ride! Portable, elegant, unstoppable, It will show you bitcoin price, bitcoin news and bitcoin price USD.
http://bitcoindeskclock.com/
The cryptocurrencies were designed to be medium of exchange. The blockchain technology on which cryptocurrencies are based on offers many possibilities for computer science and all future businesses. For the past decade experts as well as laypeople have been experiencing cryptocurrencies in extremes. They either have a very positive attitude or a very negative attitude towards them. Experts who have very positive attitudes towards them believe that cryptocurrencies create new ways of conducting business and new ways of trust relationships are managed. Experts who have very negative attitudes towards them often emphasize the fact that they are often linked to negative connotations such as being a tool for criminal activities or skipping social responsibilities such as tax avoidance and corruption. They also emphasize the fact that it is a new, unexplored technology and an unstable market. The blockchain technology on which cryptocurrencies are based on offers man possibilities for computer science and all future businesses. For the past decade experts as well as laypeople have been experiencing cryptocurrencies in extremes. There are more than 1,600 cryptocurrencies in circulation today, with a combined market cap of over 289 billion, according to Coin Market Cap data. Investors around the world are eager to trade in this rapidly growing space, and a slew of cryptocurrency platforms have emerged to meet the need for infrastructure to support the exchange of digital currencies. Though they call themselves exchanges, from an investors standpoint they function similarly to e brokerages and their rapid rise is reminiscent of the explosion of electronic discount brokerage firms during the dotcom bubble of the late 1990s. Dr. Chandrakant N. Kokate "Cryptocurrency: Advantages and Disadvantages" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52656.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/financial-economics/52656/cryptocurrency-advantages-and-disadvantages/dr-chandrakant-n-kokate
Investing in Cryptocurrency.
Bitcoin is back in the headlines after a three-year respite. It’s discussed on CNBC
daily, and political figures, financial gurus and regulatory officials are repeatedly
asked for their opinion. At this point, much attention has been focused on what
Bitcoin is and how it works, but that in some ways, is the easy part. Assuming the
underlying blockchain technology works, is Bitcoin or any other of the
cryptocurrencies something investors should consider for their portfolios? That’s
the more difficult question.
Investment in Cryptocurrencies: A comparative study. International Journal of...Olawale Daniel
Technology has created a significant difference in the lives of the people due to paradigm shift from offline activities to online activities. Cryptocurrency is a digital coin money based on the concept of cryptography encryption and electronic connectivity to function. Cryptocurrency is one of the best inventions in the context of financial sector. Being a decentralised currency, it also opposes the intervention of central banks and digital currencies by them. It transforms the virtual trade market by introducing a free rein trading mechanism that operates without the involvement and regulation of a third party. Digital currencies in today’s scenario become need of the hour thus this paper compares the most prevalent cryptocurrencies of India on the basis of market capitalization rate. The paper also aims to study the key characteristics of the digital currencies.
Project: Bitcoin - Revolution in International Payment ProcessingDinesh Kumar
Executive Summary
“Bitcoin is a remarkable cryptographic achievement and the ability to create something that is not duplicable in the digital world has enormous value.” Eric Schmidt, Executive chairman Alphabet
Bitcoin is a digital, decentralized, partially anonymous currency, not backed by any government or other legal entity, and not redeemable for gold or other commodity. It relies on peer-to-peer networking and cryptography to maintain its integrity. Its proponents argue that Bitcoin has many properties that could make it an ideal currency for mainstream consumers and merchants. For example, bitcoins are highly liquid, have low transaction costs, can be used to send payments quickly across the internet, and can be used to make micropayments. This new currency could also hold the key to allowing organizations such as Wikileaks, hated by governments, to receive donations and conduct business anonymously.
Amazingly, as of October 2011, a bitcoin (currency ticker BTC) is worth about two U.S. Dollars (USD), there are about $20 million worth of bitcoins in existence, there are probably around 20,000 Bitcoin users, and over $300,000 worth of bitcoins are traded every day.
Although the Bitcoin economy is flourishing, users are anxious about Bitcoin’s legal status and the possibility of a government crackdown. Some point to Bitcoin’s ability, like all digital and anonymous currencies, to facilitate money laundering, tax evasion, and trade in illegal drugs and child pornography. Indeed, the U.S. government prosecuted and shut down the creators of e-gold, a digital currency backed by gold, under state and federal laws for conspiracy to commit money laundering, and also for providing services to those involved in “child exploitation, credit card fraud, and wire (investment) fraud”. Others point to governments’ purported interests in protecting their economies and monopolies on minting new money. These individuals point to the successful prosecution and conviction of the creator of the Liberty Dollar, a paper and coin based currency backed by gold and other precious metals.
Hence, no faith or trust towards the financers or politicians was required in case of Bitcoin, but only in Nakamoto’s well-designed algorithms. Not only the public ledger of Bitcoin, i.e. the ‘block chain’ seemed to fend off fraud, but also kept the money supply of Bitcoin growing at a predictable rate due to the prearranged release of the virtual currency. The Bitcoin network came into existence with the release of open source Bitcoin client and with the issuance of the first Bitcoin. Satoshi mined 18 the first 50 Bitcoin which are famously known as the “Genesis Block”.
In the same year the exchange rate of Bitcoin was first published by liberty standard at $1 for 1,309.03 BTC. Within a couple of years, around February 2011, Bitcoin achieved dollar parity and was now being accepted all over the world as a mode of payment for a plethora of products.
A cryptocurrency video course for beginners from an ex-Agora guru now publishing independently.
High quality content, great conversions and happy customers.
Bitcoin Desk Clock is a Real-time crypto ticker display. 500+ cryptocurrencies, select the end of your favorite to enjoy the ride! Portable, elegant, unstoppable, It will show you bitcoin price, bitcoin news and bitcoin price USD.
http://bitcoindeskclock.com/
Cryptocurrency Market Movement and Tendency Forecasting using Twitter Emotion...ijtsrd
Bitcoin was initially described to the public in a paper released in 2008 under the identity Satoshi Nakamoto. The first ever Bitcoin transaction took place on January 3, 2009. Its success paved the way for the development of similar digital currencies in the years that followed. There are more than 12,500 different cryptocurrencies, according to CoinMarketcap 2021. This is mostly owing to the extraordinary volatility of the market, which drew many individuals to take an interest and participate in it in the hopes of making money. Twitter has emerged as a common meeting place for those interested in cryptocurrencies. In a noteworthy move, Twitter announced on September 23, 2021, a new feature that would enable users to tip other users using their Bitcoin Lightning wallets. In spite of the fact that this new technology may have far reaching effects on our lives in the future, there is not a great deal of writing on the subject of cryptocurrencies. Even if there arent many rules in place yet for trading cryptocurrencies, a social media sentiment study might help fill in the gaps in our understanding of what influences bitcoin prices. In this study, we examine whether or not analyzing Twitter sentiment can reliably foretell changes in the value digital currencies. Seven of the most widely used cryptocurrencies have their own Twitter discussions and price histories gathered. After that was done, the Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoning was used to conduct an analysis of the datas emotional content VADER . We used the Augmented Dicky Fuller ADF , Kwiatkowski Phillips, Schmidt, and Shin KPSS , and Granger Causality tests to identify time series that were stationary. However, the bullishness ratio revealed that Ethereum and Polkadot prices were predicted despite the fact that swings in Bitcoin, Cardano, XRP, and DOGE prices tend to vary attitude. At last, we use Vector Autoregression VAR to look at the predictability of price returns, and we discover that two of the seven cryptocurrencies can have their prices predicted with a high degree of accuracy. Exactness of price forecasts for Polkadot and Ethereum, respectively, was 99.17 and 99.67 . A. Esakki Elango | E. Manohar ME | S. Vishnu Durga "Cryptocurrency Market Movement and Tendency Forecasting using Twitter Emotion and Information Quantity" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd55091.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/management/other/55091/cryptocurrency-market-movement-and-tendency-forecasting-using-twitter-emotion-and-information-quantity/a-esakki-elango
Cryptocurrency Market Movement and Tendency Forecasting using Twitter Emotion...ijtsrd
Bitcoin was initially described to the public in a paper released in 2008 under the identity Satoshi Nakamoto. The first ever Bitcoin transaction took place on January 3, 2009. Its success paved the way for the development of similar digital currencies in the years that followed. There are more than 12,500 different cryptocurrencies, according to CoinMarketcap 2021. This is mostly owing to the extraordinary volatility of the market, which drew many individuals to take an interest and participate in it in the hopes of making money. Twitter has emerged as a common meeting place for those interested in cryptocurrencies. In a noteworthy move, Twitter announced on September 23, 2021, a new feature that would enable users to tip other users using their Bitcoin Lightning wallets. In spite of the fact that this new technology may have far reaching effects on our lives in the future, there is not a great deal of writing on the subject of cryptocurrencies. Even if there arent many rules in place yet for trading cryptocurrencies, a social media sentiment study might help fill in the gaps in our understanding of what influences bitcoin prices. In this study, we examine whether or not analyzing Twitter sentiment can reliably foretell changes in the value digital currencies. Seven of the most widely used cryptocurrencies have their own Twitter discussions and price histories gathered. After that was done, the Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoning was used to conduct an analysis of the datas emotional content VADER . We used the Augmented Dicky Fuller ADF , Kwiatkowski Phillips, Schmidt, and Shin KPSS , and Granger Causality tests to identify time series that were stationary. However, the bullishness ratio revealed that Ethereum and Polkadot prices were predicted despite the fact that swings in Bitcoin, Cardano, XRP, and DOGE prices tend to vary attitude. At last, we use Vector Autoregression VAR to look at the predictability of price returns, and we discover that two of the seven cryptocurrencies can have their prices predicted with a high degree of accuracy. Exactness of price forecasts for Polkadot and Ethereum, respectively, was 99.17 and 99.67 . A. Esakki Elango | E. Manohar ME | S. Vishnu Durga "Cryptocurrency Market Movement and Tendency Forecasting using Twitter Emotion and Information Quantity" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd55091.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/management/other/55091/cryptocurrency-market-movement-and-tendency-forecasting-using-twitter-emotion-and-information-quantity/a-esakki-elango
Impact of cryptocurrency on Economy - India and Global. This has been taken from several online sources. References mentioned at the end of the article. A cryptocurrency is digital money in an electronic payment system in which payments are validated by a decentralized network of system users and cryptographic protocols instead of by a centralized intermediary (such as a bank).
Money serves three interrelated economic functions: it is a medium of exchange, a unit of account, and a store of value. Without it, people would have to engage in a barter economy, wherein people trade goods and services for other goods and services.
There are speculations on whether cryptocurrency will be more efficient and secure than existing money systems or if it can effectively act as money and achieve widespread use. However, that is the not primary focus of the article.
ADOPTION OF CRYPTOCURRENCY, A NOVEL ENTRANT TO ASSET CLASS: MEASURING THE PER...IAEME Publication
The cryptocurrency market in India grew to an overwhelming stature of USD 6.6 billion in May 2021 from USD 923 million in April 2020. Cryptocurrency adoption has increased 800% since last year, according to a report by Chainalysis. Crypto assets have emerged as a new asset class. Millennials are adopting cryptocurrency as an investment avenue due to its unprecedented price appreciation. This paper explores crypto adoption using Technology Acceptance Model. A quantitative methodology utilising surveys is adopted. The perception is measured on variables: usefulness, ease of use, and security. Self- administered questionnaires were distributed among 125 millennials for data collection. Respondents were selected based on their willingness to respond. Analysis reveals that Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Investing in Cryptocurrency, and Perceived risk have a significant effect on Behavioural intention to invest in cryptocurrencies. The contribution of this research paper will help the organisations understand the end-user perception towards cryptocurrency and factors impacting its adoption, which would further assist when offering cryptocurrency services to facilitate investment in it and other transactions.
What is happening with the Crypto Market. Could it be than course correction or is the bubble busting on the market? You need to answer it for yourself.
Running head: CRYPTOCURRENCIES 1
CRYPTOCURRENCIES 3
Cryptocurrencies
Name
Institution
Date
Cryptocurrencies
Cryptography can be described as hidden communication or value, as in cryptocurrencies, which is propagated in a secure form. Cryptography is therefore the study or practice in which information is constructed in a manner that is hidden and distributed for decoding so that it can be understood. The need for secure communication and transactions saw an increase in the use of cryptography and its representation as digital currencies. It is very important in this context to define and explore the concept of cryptocurrencies. This analysis will utilize Bitcoin as an example of a cryptocurrency through which the main objectives will be achieved. This example will be used to overview the main characteristics of cryptocurrencies and how they influence the economy. A cryptocurrency is essentially a platform that utilizes concepts of cryptography to enable secure transactions as well as the establishment of new units within the economy. Considering the significance of cryptocurrencies in the contemporary world, it is essential to explore and understand the impact of cryptocurrencies on business, how people trust currencies, their social implications as well as how this technology can be applied in future to develop a more efficient economy.
The Economics of Cryptocurrencies
To properly understand the concept of cryptocurrencies, it is important to utilize a base model to explain how it works. Van Alstyne (2014) defines Bitcoin as a decentralized electronic cash system that uses peer-to-peer networking, digital signatures and cryptographic proof so as to enable users to conduct irreversible transactions without relying on trust. Cryptocurrencies are therefore a form of digital currency that is utilized within the external environment of banking institutions and is distributed through the internet. Increased virtual financial activities in the internet has depicted great potential in Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. The technical framework that made provisions under which cryptocurrencies were conceptualized was created by Satoshi Nakamoto.
Banks use what is known as centralized currency systems in which the value of currencies and their amounts available in specific markets are determined by the government or specific companies. On the contrary, decentralized cryptocurrency involves management of ledgers by a community called miners who secure, balance and maintain the integrity of the ledgers. A particular timestamp is used by these individuals to validate transactions and toggle the value of cryptocurrencies. Bitcoin was the very first digital currency of its kind. Therefore, most cryptocurrencies were developed based on the archit ...
The financial applications of Blockchain technology range from cryptocurrencies and ICOs to payment systems and financial instruments. We can see ICOs becoming the new IPOs for businesses and startups. Blockchain enables the businesses to lower costs by simplifying the processes highlighted in this research.
The future of cryptocurrency—some challenges
As we gaze into our crypto ball, let’s see what the future of cryptocurrency has in store for traders. With many experts estimating that the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has hastened the decline of cash by almost five years, few are asking whether digital currencies will actually succeed (they have already). Instead, it’s a matter of when they’ll go mainstream. Nevertheless, there are some challenges ahead.
Perceptions
A significant generational divide exists when it comes to adoption rates of cryptocurrencies. Older generations are typically more sceptical of crypto’s long-term viability, expressing fears about volatile financial bubbles as well as uncertainty over how cryptocurrencies actually work.
Virtual currency would play a role in disrupting the conventional transaction models and have a potential impact on various sectors. Know more about the trends and the multiple challenges faced by businesses in adopting the virtual currency. Download the Business Research report by Aranca.
Virtual currency has been a debated concept within the technology community in the past few years, as transactions through this medium do not require any third party’s involvement. Know more details from Aranca's Business Research Experts here.
Virtual currency would play a role in disrupting the conventional transaction models and have a potential impact on various sectors. Know more about the trends and the multiple challenges faced by businesses in adopting the virtual currency. Download the Business Research report by Aranca.
Katina Stefanova is a Strategic leadership|strategic leader[1] in asset management and financial services, thought leader on disruption in asset management, frequent keynote speaker[2], and contributor to Forbes. She is the founder and CEO of Marto Capital – a multi-strategy macro-economic investment firm focused on fundamental models..
The adoption of bitcoins technology: The difference between perceived future ...IJECEIAES
Bitcoin is a decentralized system that tries to become a solution to the shortcomings of fiat and gold-based currencies. Considering its newness, the adoption level of bitcoin is yet understood. Hence, several variables are proposed in this work in examining user perceptions regarding performance expectancy, effort expectancy, trust, adoption risk, decentralization and social influence interplay, with the context of user’s future expectation and behavioral intentions to use bitcoins. Data were gathered from 293 completed questionnaire and analised using AMOS 18. The outcomes prove the sound predictability of the proposed model regarding user’s future expectations and intentions toward bitcoins. All hypotheses were supported, they were significantly affecting the dependent variables. Social influence was found as the highest predictor of behavioral intention to negatively utilize bitcoins. The significant impact of social influence, adoption risk and effort expectancy which affect behavioral intention to use bitcoins the most, are demonstrated in this study. Bitcoins should thus, present an effective, feasible and personalized program which will assist efficient usage among users. Additionally, the impacts of social influence, adoption risk and perceived trust on behavioral intention to utilize new technology were compared, and their direct path was tested together, for the first time in this context.
11 Factors that Can Determine Bitcoin Price Volatilityterihagh
Like most existing digital currencies or cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin is a very volatile cryptocurrency; for example, between November 2017 and December 2017, its price had increased by at least 220 percent; many other instances have shown how volatile Bitcoin value and price have been and can be. But why has bitcoin price and value been so volatile? Well, it’s important to note that upward and downward price fluctuations and volatility of Bitcoin price on cryptocurrency exchanges are determined by many factors. This article discusses 11 factors that have determined and can still determine Bitcoin price volatility around a particular time period.
Total Ionization Cross Sections due to Electron Impact of Ammonia from Thresh...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
In the present paper, we have employed modified Khare-BEB method [Atoms, (2019)] to evaluate total ionization cross sections by the electron impact for ammonia in energy range from the ionization threshold to 10 MeV. The theoretical ionization cross sections have been compared to the available previous theoretical and experimental results. The collision parameters dipole matrix squared M_j^2 and CRP also have been calculated. The present calculations were found in remarkable agreement with the available experimental results.
A Case Study on Small Town Big Player – Enjay IT Solutions Ltd., BhiladDr. Amarjeet Singh
Adequately trained Manpower is a problem that affects the IT industry as a whole, but it is particularly acute for Enjay IT Solution. Enjay's location in a semi-urban or rural area makes it even more difficult to find a talented employee with the right skills. As the competition for skilled workers grows, it becomes more difficult to attract and keep those workers who have the requisite training and experience.
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Cryptocurrency Market Movement and Tendency Forecasting using Twitter Emotion...ijtsrd
Bitcoin was initially described to the public in a paper released in 2008 under the identity Satoshi Nakamoto. The first ever Bitcoin transaction took place on January 3, 2009. Its success paved the way for the development of similar digital currencies in the years that followed. There are more than 12,500 different cryptocurrencies, according to CoinMarketcap 2021. This is mostly owing to the extraordinary volatility of the market, which drew many individuals to take an interest and participate in it in the hopes of making money. Twitter has emerged as a common meeting place for those interested in cryptocurrencies. In a noteworthy move, Twitter announced on September 23, 2021, a new feature that would enable users to tip other users using their Bitcoin Lightning wallets. In spite of the fact that this new technology may have far reaching effects on our lives in the future, there is not a great deal of writing on the subject of cryptocurrencies. Even if there arent many rules in place yet for trading cryptocurrencies, a social media sentiment study might help fill in the gaps in our understanding of what influences bitcoin prices. In this study, we examine whether or not analyzing Twitter sentiment can reliably foretell changes in the value digital currencies. Seven of the most widely used cryptocurrencies have their own Twitter discussions and price histories gathered. After that was done, the Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoning was used to conduct an analysis of the datas emotional content VADER . We used the Augmented Dicky Fuller ADF , Kwiatkowski Phillips, Schmidt, and Shin KPSS , and Granger Causality tests to identify time series that were stationary. However, the bullishness ratio revealed that Ethereum and Polkadot prices were predicted despite the fact that swings in Bitcoin, Cardano, XRP, and DOGE prices tend to vary attitude. At last, we use Vector Autoregression VAR to look at the predictability of price returns, and we discover that two of the seven cryptocurrencies can have their prices predicted with a high degree of accuracy. Exactness of price forecasts for Polkadot and Ethereum, respectively, was 99.17 and 99.67 . A. Esakki Elango | E. Manohar ME | S. Vishnu Durga "Cryptocurrency Market Movement and Tendency Forecasting using Twitter Emotion and Information Quantity" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd55091.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/management/other/55091/cryptocurrency-market-movement-and-tendency-forecasting-using-twitter-emotion-and-information-quantity/a-esakki-elango
Cryptocurrency Market Movement and Tendency Forecasting using Twitter Emotion...ijtsrd
Bitcoin was initially described to the public in a paper released in 2008 under the identity Satoshi Nakamoto. The first ever Bitcoin transaction took place on January 3, 2009. Its success paved the way for the development of similar digital currencies in the years that followed. There are more than 12,500 different cryptocurrencies, according to CoinMarketcap 2021. This is mostly owing to the extraordinary volatility of the market, which drew many individuals to take an interest and participate in it in the hopes of making money. Twitter has emerged as a common meeting place for those interested in cryptocurrencies. In a noteworthy move, Twitter announced on September 23, 2021, a new feature that would enable users to tip other users using their Bitcoin Lightning wallets. In spite of the fact that this new technology may have far reaching effects on our lives in the future, there is not a great deal of writing on the subject of cryptocurrencies. Even if there arent many rules in place yet for trading cryptocurrencies, a social media sentiment study might help fill in the gaps in our understanding of what influences bitcoin prices. In this study, we examine whether or not analyzing Twitter sentiment can reliably foretell changes in the value digital currencies. Seven of the most widely used cryptocurrencies have their own Twitter discussions and price histories gathered. After that was done, the Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoning was used to conduct an analysis of the datas emotional content VADER . We used the Augmented Dicky Fuller ADF , Kwiatkowski Phillips, Schmidt, and Shin KPSS , and Granger Causality tests to identify time series that were stationary. However, the bullishness ratio revealed that Ethereum and Polkadot prices were predicted despite the fact that swings in Bitcoin, Cardano, XRP, and DOGE prices tend to vary attitude. At last, we use Vector Autoregression VAR to look at the predictability of price returns, and we discover that two of the seven cryptocurrencies can have their prices predicted with a high degree of accuracy. Exactness of price forecasts for Polkadot and Ethereum, respectively, was 99.17 and 99.67 . A. Esakki Elango | E. Manohar ME | S. Vishnu Durga "Cryptocurrency Market Movement and Tendency Forecasting using Twitter Emotion and Information Quantity" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd55091.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/management/other/55091/cryptocurrency-market-movement-and-tendency-forecasting-using-twitter-emotion-and-information-quantity/a-esakki-elango
Impact of cryptocurrency on Economy - India and Global. This has been taken from several online sources. References mentioned at the end of the article. A cryptocurrency is digital money in an electronic payment system in which payments are validated by a decentralized network of system users and cryptographic protocols instead of by a centralized intermediary (such as a bank).
Money serves three interrelated economic functions: it is a medium of exchange, a unit of account, and a store of value. Without it, people would have to engage in a barter economy, wherein people trade goods and services for other goods and services.
There are speculations on whether cryptocurrency will be more efficient and secure than existing money systems or if it can effectively act as money and achieve widespread use. However, that is the not primary focus of the article.
ADOPTION OF CRYPTOCURRENCY, A NOVEL ENTRANT TO ASSET CLASS: MEASURING THE PER...IAEME Publication
The cryptocurrency market in India grew to an overwhelming stature of USD 6.6 billion in May 2021 from USD 923 million in April 2020. Cryptocurrency adoption has increased 800% since last year, according to a report by Chainalysis. Crypto assets have emerged as a new asset class. Millennials are adopting cryptocurrency as an investment avenue due to its unprecedented price appreciation. This paper explores crypto adoption using Technology Acceptance Model. A quantitative methodology utilising surveys is adopted. The perception is measured on variables: usefulness, ease of use, and security. Self- administered questionnaires were distributed among 125 millennials for data collection. Respondents were selected based on their willingness to respond. Analysis reveals that Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Investing in Cryptocurrency, and Perceived risk have a significant effect on Behavioural intention to invest in cryptocurrencies. The contribution of this research paper will help the organisations understand the end-user perception towards cryptocurrency and factors impacting its adoption, which would further assist when offering cryptocurrency services to facilitate investment in it and other transactions.
What is happening with the Crypto Market. Could it be than course correction or is the bubble busting on the market? You need to answer it for yourself.
Running head: CRYPTOCURRENCIES 1
CRYPTOCURRENCIES 3
Cryptocurrencies
Name
Institution
Date
Cryptocurrencies
Cryptography can be described as hidden communication or value, as in cryptocurrencies, which is propagated in a secure form. Cryptography is therefore the study or practice in which information is constructed in a manner that is hidden and distributed for decoding so that it can be understood. The need for secure communication and transactions saw an increase in the use of cryptography and its representation as digital currencies. It is very important in this context to define and explore the concept of cryptocurrencies. This analysis will utilize Bitcoin as an example of a cryptocurrency through which the main objectives will be achieved. This example will be used to overview the main characteristics of cryptocurrencies and how they influence the economy. A cryptocurrency is essentially a platform that utilizes concepts of cryptography to enable secure transactions as well as the establishment of new units within the economy. Considering the significance of cryptocurrencies in the contemporary world, it is essential to explore and understand the impact of cryptocurrencies on business, how people trust currencies, their social implications as well as how this technology can be applied in future to develop a more efficient economy.
The Economics of Cryptocurrencies
To properly understand the concept of cryptocurrencies, it is important to utilize a base model to explain how it works. Van Alstyne (2014) defines Bitcoin as a decentralized electronic cash system that uses peer-to-peer networking, digital signatures and cryptographic proof so as to enable users to conduct irreversible transactions without relying on trust. Cryptocurrencies are therefore a form of digital currency that is utilized within the external environment of banking institutions and is distributed through the internet. Increased virtual financial activities in the internet has depicted great potential in Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. The technical framework that made provisions under which cryptocurrencies were conceptualized was created by Satoshi Nakamoto.
Banks use what is known as centralized currency systems in which the value of currencies and their amounts available in specific markets are determined by the government or specific companies. On the contrary, decentralized cryptocurrency involves management of ledgers by a community called miners who secure, balance and maintain the integrity of the ledgers. A particular timestamp is used by these individuals to validate transactions and toggle the value of cryptocurrencies. Bitcoin was the very first digital currency of its kind. Therefore, most cryptocurrencies were developed based on the archit ...
The financial applications of Blockchain technology range from cryptocurrencies and ICOs to payment systems and financial instruments. We can see ICOs becoming the new IPOs for businesses and startups. Blockchain enables the businesses to lower costs by simplifying the processes highlighted in this research.
The future of cryptocurrency—some challenges
As we gaze into our crypto ball, let’s see what the future of cryptocurrency has in store for traders. With many experts estimating that the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has hastened the decline of cash by almost five years, few are asking whether digital currencies will actually succeed (they have already). Instead, it’s a matter of when they’ll go mainstream. Nevertheless, there are some challenges ahead.
Perceptions
A significant generational divide exists when it comes to adoption rates of cryptocurrencies. Older generations are typically more sceptical of crypto’s long-term viability, expressing fears about volatile financial bubbles as well as uncertainty over how cryptocurrencies actually work.
Virtual currency would play a role in disrupting the conventional transaction models and have a potential impact on various sectors. Know more about the trends and the multiple challenges faced by businesses in adopting the virtual currency. Download the Business Research report by Aranca.
Virtual currency has been a debated concept within the technology community in the past few years, as transactions through this medium do not require any third party’s involvement. Know more details from Aranca's Business Research Experts here.
Virtual currency would play a role in disrupting the conventional transaction models and have a potential impact on various sectors. Know more about the trends and the multiple challenges faced by businesses in adopting the virtual currency. Download the Business Research report by Aranca.
Katina Stefanova is a Strategic leadership|strategic leader[1] in asset management and financial services, thought leader on disruption in asset management, frequent keynote speaker[2], and contributor to Forbes. She is the founder and CEO of Marto Capital – a multi-strategy macro-economic investment firm focused on fundamental models..
The adoption of bitcoins technology: The difference between perceived future ...IJECEIAES
Bitcoin is a decentralized system that tries to become a solution to the shortcomings of fiat and gold-based currencies. Considering its newness, the adoption level of bitcoin is yet understood. Hence, several variables are proposed in this work in examining user perceptions regarding performance expectancy, effort expectancy, trust, adoption risk, decentralization and social influence interplay, with the context of user’s future expectation and behavioral intentions to use bitcoins. Data were gathered from 293 completed questionnaire and analised using AMOS 18. The outcomes prove the sound predictability of the proposed model regarding user’s future expectations and intentions toward bitcoins. All hypotheses were supported, they were significantly affecting the dependent variables. Social influence was found as the highest predictor of behavioral intention to negatively utilize bitcoins. The significant impact of social influence, adoption risk and effort expectancy which affect behavioral intention to use bitcoins the most, are demonstrated in this study. Bitcoins should thus, present an effective, feasible and personalized program which will assist efficient usage among users. Additionally, the impacts of social influence, adoption risk and perceived trust on behavioral intention to utilize new technology were compared, and their direct path was tested together, for the first time in this context.
11 Factors that Can Determine Bitcoin Price Volatilityterihagh
Like most existing digital currencies or cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin is a very volatile cryptocurrency; for example, between November 2017 and December 2017, its price had increased by at least 220 percent; many other instances have shown how volatile Bitcoin value and price have been and can be. But why has bitcoin price and value been so volatile? Well, it’s important to note that upward and downward price fluctuations and volatility of Bitcoin price on cryptocurrency exchanges are determined by many factors. This article discusses 11 factors that have determined and can still determine Bitcoin price volatility around a particular time period.
Similar to Crypto-Currencies: Can Investors Rely on them as Investment Avenue? (20)
Total Ionization Cross Sections due to Electron Impact of Ammonia from Thresh...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
In the present paper, we have employed modified Khare-BEB method [Atoms, (2019)] to evaluate total ionization cross sections by the electron impact for ammonia in energy range from the ionization threshold to 10 MeV. The theoretical ionization cross sections have been compared to the available previous theoretical and experimental results. The collision parameters dipole matrix squared M_j^2 and CRP also have been calculated. The present calculations were found in remarkable agreement with the available experimental results.
A Case Study on Small Town Big Player – Enjay IT Solutions Ltd., BhiladDr. Amarjeet Singh
Adequately trained Manpower is a problem that affects the IT industry as a whole, but it is particularly acute for Enjay IT Solution. Enjay's location in a semi-urban or rural area makes it even more difficult to find a talented employee with the right skills. As the competition for skilled workers grows, it becomes more difficult to attract and keep those workers who have the requisite training and experience.
Effect of Biopesticide from the Stems of Gossypium Arboreum on Pink Bollworm ...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Pink bollworm and Lepidoptera development quickly in numbers which is a typical animal group that produces around 100 youthful ones inside certain days or weeks. This assault influences the harvests broadly in the tropical and sub-tropical temperature areas. Thus, to keep up with the yield of harvests the vermin ought to be kept away by utilizing pesticides. The unnecessary measure of the purpose of pesticides influences the dirt, land, and as well as human well-being, and contaminates the climate. Thus, an ozone-accommodating biopesticide is extracted from the stems of the Gossypium arboreum. Thus, the extraction of biopesticide from the stems of Gossypium arboreum demonstrated that the quantity of pink bollworm and Lepidoptera is diminished step by step in the wake of showering the arrangement on the impacted region of the plant because of the presence of the gossypol.
Artificial Intelligence Techniques in E-Commerce: The Possibility of Exploiti...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
E-Commerce has transformed business as we know over the past few decades. The rapid increasing use of the Internet and the strong purchasing power in Saudi Arabia have had a strong impact on the evolution of E-Commerce in the country. Saudi Arabia is yet another country that will release artificial intelligence power to fuel its growth in the economic world. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) applications that can facilitate e-commerce processes have been widely used. The impact of using artificial intelligence (AI) concepts and techniques on the efficiency of e-commerce, particularly has been overlooked by many prior studies. In this paper, a literature review was conducted to explore and investigate possible applications of AI in E-Commerce that can help Saudi Arabian businesses.
Factors Influencing Ownership Pattern and its Impact on Corporate Performance...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
This study on factors influencing Ownership pattern and its impact on corporate performance has used five industries data viz Automobile industry, IT industry, Banking industry, Oil & Gas industry and pharmaceutical industry for five years from 2017 to 2021. First the factors influencing ownership pattern was identified and later its impact on corporate performance was analysed. Multiple Regression, ANOVA and Correlation was used in SPSS 28. Percentage of independent directors on the board and size of the company has significant impact on Indian Promotor holding and non-institutional ownership has significant impact on corporate performance.
An Analytical Study on Ratios Influencing Profitability of Selected Indian Au...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Every country with a well-developed transportation network has a well-developed economy. The automobile industry is a critical engine of the nation's economic development. The automobile industry has significant backward and forward links with every area of the economy, as well as a strong and progressive multiplier impact. The automotive industry and the auto component industry are both included in the vehicle industry. It includes passenger waggons, light, medium, and heavy commercial vehicles, as well as multi-utility vehicles such as jeeps, three-wheelers, military vehicles, motorcycles, tractors, and auto-components such as engine parts, batteries, drive transmission parts, electrical, suspension and chassis parts, and body and other parts. In the last several years, India's automobile sector has seen incredible growth in sales, production, innovation, and exports. India's car industry has emerged as one of the best in the world, and the auto-ancillary sector is poised to assist the vehicle sector's expansion. Vehicle manufacturers and auto-parts manufacturers account for a significant component of global motorised manufacturing. Vehicle manufacturers from across the world are keeping a close eye on the Indian auto sector in order to assess future demand and establish India as a global manufacturing base. The current research focuses on three automotive behemoths: TATA Motors, MRF, and Mahindra & Mahindra.
A Study on Factors Influencing the Financial Performance Analysis Selected Pr...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
The growth of a country's banking sector has a significant impact on its economic development. The banking sector plays a critical role in determining a country's economic future. A well-planned, structured, efficient, and viable banking system is an essential component of an economy's economic and social infrastructure. In modern society, a strong banking system is required because it meets the financial needs of the modern society. In a country's economy, the banking system plays a crucial role. Because it connects surplus and deficit economic agents, the bank is the most important financial intermediary in the economy. The banking system is regarded as the economy's lifeline. It meets the financial needs of commerce, industry, and agriculture. As a result, the country's development and the banking system are intertwined. They are critical in the mobilisation of savings and the distribution of credit to various sectors of the economy. India's private sector banks play a critical role in the country's economic development. So The financial performance of private sector banks must be evaluated carefully.
An Empirical Analysis of Financial Performance of Selected Oil Exploration an...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
After the United States, China, and Japan, India was the world's fourth biggest consumer of oil and petroleum products. The nation is significantly reliant on crude oil imports, the majority of which come from the Middle East. The Indian oil and gas business is one of the country's six main sectors, with important forward links to the rest of the economy. More than two-thirds of the country's overall primary energy demands are met by the oil and gas industry. The industry has played a key role in placing India on the global map. India is now the world's sixth biggest crude oil user and ninth largest crude oil importer. In addition, the country's portion of the worldwide refining market is growing. India's refining industry is now the world's sixth biggest. With plans for Reliance Petroleum Limited to commission another refinery with a capacity of 29 MTPA next 16 to its 33 MTPA refinery in Jamnagar, Gujarat, this position is projected to be enhanced. As a consequence, the Reliance refinery would be the biggest single-site refinery in the world. Based on secondary data gathered from CMIE, the current research examines the ratios influencing the profitability of selected oil exploration and production businesses in India during a 10-year period.
Since 1991, thanks to economic policy liberalization, the Indian economy has entered an era in which Indian businesses can no longer disregard global markets. Prior to the 1990s, the prices of a variety of commodities, metals, and other assets were carefully regulated. Others, which were not rolled, were primarily dependant on regulated input costs. As a result, there was no uncertainty and, as a result, no price fluctuations. However, in 1991, when the process of deregulation began, the prices of most items were deregulated. It has also resulted in the exchange being partially deregulated, easing trade restrictions, lowering interest rates, and making significant advancements in foreign institutional investors' access to the capital markets, as well as establishing market-based government securities pricing, among other things. Furthermore, portfolio and securities price volatility and instability were influenced by market-determined exchange rates and interest rates. As a result, hedging strategies employing a variety of derivatives were exposed to a variety of risks. The Indian capital market will be examined in this study, with a focus on derivatives.
Theoretical Estimation of CO2 Compression and Transport Costs for an hypothet...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
SEI S.p.a. presented a project to build a 1320 MW coal-fired power plant in Saline Joniche, on the Southern tip of Calabria Region, Italy, in 2008. A gross early evaluation about the possibility to add CCS (CO2 Capture & Storage) was performed too. The project generated widespread opposition among environmental associations, citizens and local institutions in that period, against the coal use to produce energy, as a consequence of its GHG clima-alterating impact. Moreover the CCS (also named Carbon Capture & Storage or more recently CCUS: Carbon Capture-Usage-Storage) technology was at that time still an unknown and “mysterious” solution for the GHG avoiding to the atmosphere. The present study concerns the sizing of the compression and transportation system of the CCS section, included in the project presented at the time by SEI Spa; the sizing of the compression station and the pipeline connecting the plant to the possible Fosca01 offshore injection site previously studied as a possible storage solution, as part of a coarse screening of CO2 storage sites in the Calabria Region. This study takes into account the costs of construction, operation and maintenance (O&M) of both the compression plant and the sound pipeline, considering the gross static storage capacity of the Fosca01 reservoir as a whole as previously evaluated.
Analytical Mechanics of Magnetic Particles Suspended in Magnetorheological FluidDr. Amarjeet Singh
In this paper, the behavior of MR particles has been systematically investigated within the scope of analytical mechanics. . A magnetorheological fluid belongs to a class of smart materials. In magnetorheological fluids, the motion of magnetic particles is controlled by the action of internal and external forces. This paper presents analytical mechanics for the interaction of system of particles in MR fluid. In this paper, basic principles of Analytical Mechanics are utilized for the construction of equations.
Techno-Economic Aspects of Solid Food Wastes into Bio-ManureDr. Amarjeet Singh
Solid waste is health hazard and cause damage to the environment due to improper handling. Solid waste comprises of Industrial Waste (IW), Hazardous Waste (HW), Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), Electronic waste (E-waste), Bio-Medical Waste (BMW) which depend on their supply & characteristics. Food waste or Bio-waste composting and its role in sustainable development is explained in food waste is a growing area of concern with many costs to our community in terms of waste collection, disposal and greenhouse gases. When rotting food ends up in landfill it turns into methane, a greenhouse gas that is particularly damaging to the environment. Composting is biochemical process in which organic materials are biologically degraded, resulting in the production of organic by products and energy in the form of heat. Heat is trapped within the composting mass, leading to the phenomenon of self-heating. This overall process provide us Bio-Manure.
Awareness of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) among Student of the Catanduanes S...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
The Island Province of Catanduanes is prone to all types of natural hazards that includes torrential and heavy rains, strong winds and surge, flooding and landslide or slope failures as a result of its geographical location and topography. RA 10121 mandates local DRRM bodies to “encourage community, specifically the youth, participation in disaster risk reduction and management activities, such as organizing quick response groups, particularly in identified disaster-prone areas, as well as the inclusion of disaster risk reduction and management programs as part of youth programs and projects. The study aims to determine the awareness to disaster of the student of the Catanduanes State University. The disaster-based questionnaire was prepared and distributed among 636 students selected randomly from different Colleges and Laboratory Schools in the University
The Catanduanes State University students understood some disaster-related concepts and ideas, but uncertain on issues on preparedness, adaptation, and awareness on the risks inflicted by these natural hazards. Low perception on disaster risks are evidently observed among students. The responses of the students could be based on the efficiency and impact of the integration of DRR education in the senior high school curriculum. Specifically, integration of the concepts about the hazards, hazard maps, disaster preparedness, awareness, mitigation, prevention, adaptation, and resiliency in the science curriculum possibly affect the knowledge and understanding of students on DRR. Preparedness drills and other forms of capacity building must be done to improve awareness of the student towards DRRM.
The study further recommends that teachers and instructor must also be capacitated in handling disaster as they are the prime movers in the implementation of the DRRM in education. Preparedness drills and other forms of capacity building must be done to improve awareness of the student towards DRRM. Core subjects in Earth Sciences must be reinforced with geologic hazards. Learning competencies must also be focused on hazard identification and mapping, and coping with different geologic disaster.
The 1857 war was a watershed moment in the history of the Indian subcontinent. The battle has sparked academic debate among historians and sociologists all around the world. Despite the fact that it has been more than 150 years, this battle continues to pique the interest of historians. The war's causes and events that occurred throughout the conflict, persons who backed the British and anti-British fighters, and the results and ramifications, are all aspects of this conflict. In terms of outcomes, many academics believe that the war was a failure for those who started it. It is often assumed that the Indians who battled the British in this conflict were unable to achieve their goals. Many gains accrued to Indians as a result of the conflict, but these achievements are overshadowed by the dispute over the war's failure. This research effort focuses on the war's achievements for India, and the significance of those achievements.
Haryana's Honour Killings: A Social and Legal Point of ViewDr. Amarjeet Singh
Life is unpredictably unpredictable. Nobody knows what will happen in the next minute of their lives. In this circumstance, every human being has the right and desire to conduct their lives according to their own desires. No one should be forced to live a life solely for the benefit and reputation of others. Honour killing is defined as the assassination of a person, whether male or female, who refuses to accept the family's arranged marriage or decides to move her or his marital life according to her or his wishes solely because it jeopardizes the family's honour. The family's supreme authority looks after the family's name but neglects to consider the love and affection shared among family members. I have discussed honour killing in India in my research work. This sort of murder occurs as a result of particular triggers, which are also examined in relation to the role of the law in honour killing. No one can be released free if they break the law, and in this case, it is a felony that violates various regulations designed to safeguard citizens. This crime is similar to many others, but it is distinct enough to be differentiated in the report. When the husband is of low social standing, it lowers the position and caste of the female family, prompting the male family members to murder the girl. But they forget that the girl is their kid and that while rank may be attained, a girl's life can never be replaced, and that caste is less valuable than the girl's life and love spent with them.
Optimization of Digital-Based MSME E-Commerce: Challenges and Opportunities i...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
The impact caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic on Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) was so severe and fatal
that not a few went out of business. The heavy burden is borne by MSME actors due to social restrictions imposed by the
government, the declining purchasing power of the people, a product that continues to decline until capital runs out. Plus
inadequate knowledge in carrying out marketing strategies and product innovations are the main trigger for the lack of
enthusiasm for MSME actors as well as bankruptcy. MSME digitalization-based e-commerce is an opportunity and the right
solution in dealing with the obstacles caused by the impact of Covid-19, as well as a challenge for MSME actors to design old
ways in new ways through digital business.
Modal Space Controller for Hydraulically Driven Six Degree of Freedom Paralle...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
This paper presents the Modal space decoupled control for a hydraulically driven parallel mechanism has been presented. The approach is based on singular values decomposition to the properties of joint-space inverse mass matrix, and mapping of the control and feedback variables from the joint space to the decoupling modal space. The method transformed highly coupled six-input six-output dynamics into six independent single-input single-output (SISO) 1 DOF hydraulically driven mechanical systems. The novelty in this method is that the signals including control errors, control outputs and pressure feedbacks are transformed into decoupled modal space and also the proportional gains and dynamic pressure feedback are tuned in modal space. The results indicate that the conventional controller can only attenuate the resonance peaks of the lower eigenfrequencies of six rigid modes properly, and the peaking points of other relative higher eigenfrequencies are over damped, The further results show that it is very effective to design and tune the system in modal space and that the bandwidth increased substantially except surge (x) and sway (y) motions, each degree of freedom can be almost tuned independently and their bandwidths can be increased near to the undamped eigenfrequencies.
It is a known fact that a large number of Steel Industry Expansion projects in India have been delayed due to regulatory clearances, environmental issues and problems pertaining to land acquisition. Also, there are challenges in the tendering phase that affect viability of projects thus delaying implementation, construction phase is beset with over-runs and disputes and last but not the least; provider skills are weak all across the value chain. Given the critical role of Steel Sector in ensuring a sustained growth trajectory for India, it is imperative that we identify the core issues affecting completion of infrastructure projects in India and chalk out initiatives that need to be acted upon in short term as well as long term.
A blockchain is a decentralised database that is shared across computer network nodes. A blockchain acts as a database, storing information in a digital format. The study primarily aims to explore how in the future, block chain technology will alter several areas of the Indian economy. The current study aims to obtain a deeper understanding of blockchain technology's idea and implementation in India, as well as the technology's potential as a disruptive financial technological innovation.
Secondary sources such as reports, journals, papers, and websites were used to compile all the data. Current and relevant information were utilised to help understand the research goals. All the information is rationally organised to fulfil the objectives. The current research focuses on recommendations for enhancing India's Blockchain ecosystem so that it may become one of the best in the world at utilising this new technology.
Data Analysis study based on Consumer Behavior on Soft Drinks Produced by Coc...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
The Coca-Cola Plant is one of the biggest names in FMCG market in India. It covers 60 percent of soft drink market and also covers drinking water market of India. The Coca-Cola is itself a popular brand with soft drink products among every person from child to old age people. This work mainly presents an analytical study on consumer behavior on soft drinks related to coca-cola India plant. The study was held in the 4 region of India which are Chandigarh, Ambala, Rohtak and Nabipur. Data was collected by the survey and some important observations are concluded. Out of 310 respondents 59.67% respondents are male and 40.32% are female respondents were participated in this survey. The survey is based on age, qualification and area of residence. Maximum male in this region are in favor for stop unhealthy practice in soft drink companies by government. It covers mainly four areas in North region and analysis is done on basis of respondents score.
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Modern Database Management 12th Global Edition by Hoffer solution manual.docxssuserf63bd7
https://qidiantiku.com/solution-manual-for-modern-database-management-12th-global-edition-by-hoffer.shtml
name:Solution manual for Modern Database Management 12th Global Edition by Hoffer
Edition:12th Global Edition
author:by Hoffer
ISBN:ISBN 10: 0133544613 / ISBN 13: 9780133544619
type:solution manual
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All chapter include
Focusing on what leading database practitioners say are the most important aspects to database development, Modern Database Management presents sound pedagogy, and topics that are critical for the practical success of database professionals. The 12th Edition further facilitates learning with illustrations that clarify important concepts and new media resources that make some of the more challenging material more engaging. Also included are general updates and expanded material in the areas undergoing rapid change due to improved managerial practices, database design tools and methodologies, and database technology.
Oprah Winfrey: A Leader in Media, Philanthropy, and Empowerment | CIO Women M...CIOWomenMagazine
This person is none other than Oprah Winfrey, a highly influential figure whose impact extends beyond television. This article will delve into the remarkable life and lasting legacy of Oprah. Her story serves as a reminder of the importance of perseverance, compassion, and firm determination.
Artificial intelligence (AI) offers new opportunities to radically reinvent the way we do business. This study explores how CEOs and top decision makers around the world are responding to the transformative potential of AI.
Crypto-Currencies: Can Investors Rely on them as Investment Avenue?
1. Management Journal for Advanced Research
ISSN (Online): 2583-1747
Volume-2 Issue-2 || April 2022 || PP. 6-14 DOI: 10.54741/mjar.2.2.2
www.mjar.org 6 | P a g e
Crypto-Currencies: Can Investors Rely on them as Investment Avenue?
Manu Vasudevan Unni1
and Rudresh S2
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Management, St. Claret College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Management, St. Claret College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
1
Corresponding Author: manu@claretcollege.edu.in
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to examine investors’ perceptions about investing in crypto-currencies. We think that investors
trust in crypto-currencies is largely driven by crypto-currency comprehension, trust in government, and transaction speed.
This is the first study to examine crypto-currencies from the investor’s perspective. Following that, we discover important
antecedents of crypto-currency confidence. Second, we look at the government's role in crypto-currencies. The importance of
this study is: first, crypto-currencies have the potential to disrupt the current economic system as the debate is all about impact
of decentralization of transactions; thus, further research into how it affects investors trust is essential; and second, access to
crypto-currencies. Finally, if Fin-Tech companies or banks want to enter the bitcoin industry may not attract huge advertising
costs as well as marketing to soothe clients' concerns about investing in various digital currencies The research sheds light on
indecisiveness in the context of marketing aspects adopted by demonstrating investors are aware about the crypto.
Keywords: crypto-currencies, faith, investors, government, fin-tech, marketing, investment, anxious
I. INTRODUCTION
People have been transacting with fiat currency since its inception. It has become easier to trade and transact.
Following the global financial crisis of 2008, the first kind of cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, was launched in 2009. It was created by
Nakamoto (2008), an unidentified group or individual who created Bitcoin as the first digital currency enabling easier day-to-
day transactions between individuals.
Bitcoin was the first digital currency, designed to make day-to-day transactions between individuals easier. Bitcoin is
run without the use of a middleman like banks or monetary institutions. It is a type of peer-to-peer transaction in which one
does not have to divulge one's identified in order to complete a transaction. Unlike present practice, the bank acts as a mediator
or intermediary, knowing the identities of both the buyer and the seller, raising concerns about personal data privacy. The
Bitcoin platform has made cryptocurrency trading and transactions much easier and more autonomous, all while protecting
private details and information. Choosing this type of transaction has given some people the ability to interact freely and
discreetly.
Bitcoin was the world's first digital coin to leverage the blockchain network. It's made up of computers from all
around the network who participate in a transaction log (Bohme et al., 2015). By preventing fraudsters from using the currency
more than once, this blockchain offers one of the most secure security mechanisms. The blockchain system is based on proof of
work, which ensures that all miners agree on the same structure.
Cryptocurrency is a sort of digital currency that allows for greater anonymity and security. People also prefer
cryptocurrency because of its decentralized market structure, which means that the government cannot manipulate its value.
Only on their own turf might the government legalise or prohibit the manner of acquiring or trading cryptocurrencies.
The first anecdote is about the unsuccessful executive from Corporate America (Conway, 2019).
Mr. Conway invested his saving into the crypto-currency Ethereum and due to the price movements, over the shorter
period of time it made him millionaire. It is to agreed that not everyone who makes the cryptocurrency investment follows the
similar financial successful Nonetheless, it is a vivid illustration of a investors’ faith in a different sort of money through a
unique type of middleman - a digital currency exchange Gemini.
The goal of the research paper is to investigate investors trust in crypto-currencies. These currencies have shown
volatility reflecting the nature of financial market. Bitcoin, the first crypto-currency, was valued at just USD 0.07 in 2009, but
it climbed to an all-time high of USD 20,089 in 2017 (Kjrland 2018). It quickly collapsed, impacting the majority of the
investors to incur losses. (Russolillo et al., 2018). Previous study looked at what influences price, such as macroeconomic,
technical, and public relations aspects, the theory surrounding the concept such as The Greater Fool (Aalborg 2019);
Received: 01-04-2022 Revised: 13-04-2022 Accepted: 25-04-2022
2. Management Journal for Advanced Research
ISSN (Online): 2583-1747
Volume-2 Issue-2 || April 2022 || PP. 6-14 DOI: 10.54741/mjar.2.2.2
www.mjar.org 7 | P a g e
Bouoiyour and Selmi, 2016; Ciaian et al., 2016; Garcia et al., 2014; Kjrland et al., 2018a, b). Why would people put their faith
in crypto-currency in the face of such potentially dangerous scenarios? Do customers spend in the hope that "another greater
idiot would purchase them from him at a higher price later" (Kjrland et al., 2018a, p. 4)? Or is it simply "herd investing," in
which unsure customers mimic the actions of others (Bouri et al., 2018)? Are virtual currencies proving be a financial scam? In
this study, we pose the following questions: The focal question is having the new age financial instruments is successful in
gaining the investors’ confidence.
We could debate to come to conclusion regarding the same subject matter for the following reasons: The impact of the
unbelievable volatility impacts all the participants including the individual investors, largest financial institutions which can
disrupt the global economic system. (Demirer and Kuran, 2006; Vigna and Casey, 2016); The advent of the present industrial
revolution and emerging block-chain technologies could possibly pose a threat to the conventional way of exchanging
information between two machines.
The increasing acceptance of crypto-currencies have led the way for IoT related applications. Now, there is set of
business are linking the produces. Sony's automobile, for example, foreshadows a future of M2M crypto-payment. "In this
scenario, crypto-currency becomes the value transfer medium, and all of the sensors, computers, and systems connected with
cleaning our floors or transporting us about link to the global Internet of value, eventually supplanting conventional payment
methods" (Biggs, 2020, p. 1).
This paper highlights to study the aspects such as first, crypto-currencies have the ability to interrupt the present
financial system; hence, additional research into the impact on investors trust is required; second, access to crypto-currencies is
becoming more convenient. Many investing firms, for example, are already offering Bitcoin services to facilitate financial
activities.
As a result, the impact of governments on investors’ perceptions of bitcoin investing should be examined further.
Surprisingly, there is no theoretical discussion of this topic in marketing literature. These discussions have largely focused on
shifting away from traditional financial institutions and toward crypto-currencies, such as Bitcoin, which allows for greater
transparency (Burcak et al., 2018). However, there has been little, if any, emphasis on crypto-currencies in marketing literature.
The majority of contemporary talks on the subject are taking place in the context of information systems (Morisse, 2015).
Recent crypto-currency research has been divided into various topical groups, which are as follows: the technology
itself, critical perspectives on crypto-currencies, economics, finance, accounting, taxes, and regulation (Holub and Johnson,
2018). Holub and Johnson (2018) noted in their comprehensive literature review on the topic of crypto-currencies across
various disciplines that the majority of the research is focused on technological and business aspects, such as economics,
finance, accounting, and taxation, with only a small amount of work dedicated to trust. Previous study has underlined the
importance of trust (Black, 2005; Fleischmann and Ivens, 2019; Ofori et al., 2017; Sas and Khairuddin, 2015; Kumar et al.,
2020), indicating that it is essential and a significant driver of customer adoption of the technology. A significant exception is
Marella et al(2020) .'s research on trust, which examined online Bitcoin debates and identified functionality, dependability, and
helpfulness as essential variables.
We hope to make numerous contributions to study on this area with this publication. First, we identify crucial
predictors of crypto-currency trust. The research indicates investors are more inclined to trust and invest in crypto-currencies if
they are familiar with them. Second, we discuss the government's involvement in crypto-currency. We contribute to and
enhance the literature on confidence in government by arguing that, as predicted, faith in government has a large and positive
link with trust in crypto-currency and transaction speed. Finally, we talk about future study prospects in the domain of
investors attitudes and views regarding crypto-currencies, which is important because the number of products we can buy with
crypto-currencies is growing.
We add to and improve the e-commerce marketing literature by demonstrating that transaction speed with crypto-
currencies is both excellent news for customers and a warning to banks, as investors expect faster, more secure, and
authenticated financial transactions.
We contribute to and enhance the marketing literature on e-commerce by demonstrating that transaction speed with
crypto-currencies is both good news for customers and a sharp warning to banks, as investors anticipate faster, more secure,
and authenticated financial transactions. Finally, our findings contribute to decision-making anxiety research, particularly in
the context of marketing investments, by demonstrating that investors could have knowledge of crypto-currencies and trust in
their respective governments while also reaping the convenience of crypto-currencies, such as transaction speed, while still
being particularly bothered about them.
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II. WHAT EXACTLY IS A CRYPTO-CURRENCY?
To present an outline of a Crypto-currency, we draw on marketing the financial services. Crypto-currency is a sort of
digital currency that operates on similar coded networks and is based on encryption. In other words, it is encrypted, and
decentralization of transactions.
Cryptography is the foundation for crypto-currency encryption, and it guarantees safe encoding of specified rules
(Morrise, 2015; Narayanan et al., 2016). Despite the presence of centralised institutions in virtual currencies (Trautman, 2014),
they are typically opposed to central banking systems.. The key characteristic of this type of decentralization is a ledger,
sometimes known as a blockchain. The blockchain is the underlying technology that permits such innovation in crypto-
currencies (Johansen, 2018). Blockchain technology enables users to maintain all transactions in a shared digital ledger,
ensuring that all transactions are known and should be trusted, given that the currencies are transparent. Each transaction has its
own cryptographic hash algorithm, and each transaction is encrypted in a unique way (Kelly, 2014). All transactions are saved
in "blocks" and are linked together in a "chain" of history. Miners validate such transactions to prove that they took place.
Blockchains are utilized for more than just cash; they are also employed in asset management, crowdfunding, supply chain
management, copyright management, and identity management (Elsden et al., 2018). We use financial innovation theory to
demonstrate that crypto-currencies differ in terms of degree of innovation, ranging from little or no innovation to significant
generational shifts (Hileman and Rauchs, 2017).
Despite the increasing number of crypto-currencies, there are still significant issues associated with such technology.
Aside from technological factors, there are difficulties with the amount of technology acceptability, as well as political, legal,
and regulatory challenges (Greebel, 2015). In terms of marketing issues, in early 2018, social media platforms such as
Facebook banned promoting financial items that were deemed to have misleading or deceptive marketing tactics, such as
binary options, crypto-currencies, and initial coin offerings. The aim of this study is on investors impressions of Crypto-
currency.
III. HOW DOES CRYPTO-CURRENCIES WORK?
Cryptocurrencies are based on blockchain, a distributed public ledger that keeps track of all transactions that are
updated and maintained by currency holders. Cryptocurrency units are formed through a process known as mining, which
involves employing computer power to solve complex mathematical problems that result in coins. Users can also purchase the
currencies from brokers and store and spend them via encrypted wallets. You don't possess anything concrete if you own
cryptocurrency. What you have is a key that allows you to transfer a record or a unit of measurement from one person to
another without the assistance of a trusted third party. Although Bitcoin has been around since 2009, cryptocurrencies and
blockchain technology applications are still emerging in financial terms, with additional uses planned in the future. The
technology could someday be used to trade bonds, equities, and other financial assets. Cryptocurrency can be seen of as a
means of exchange, a negotiable instrument, a property, and the subject of a contract. Tax incidences are relevant for
cryptocurrency depending on the transaction and the authority of legislation to tax such transaction. Income tax, gift tax, wealth
tax, value-added tax, service tax, inheritance tax, transaction tax, capital gain tax, property tax, and other taxes are all possible.
Cryptocurrencies are also, by definition, convertible virtual currencies, as they can be exchanged into fiat currencies like
pounds, dollars, and euros, making them more useful for business transactions. They are a relatively new phenomena, with
Bitcoin being the first to receive widespread recognition as a digital currency capable of settling transactions after its
anonymous creation in early 2009.
IV. THE INVESTORS'S IMPRESSION OF CRYPTO-CURRENCIES
Information System theory such as (TAM) is a popular analytical technique in the context of technology adoption (Davis,
1989). Folkinshteyn and Lennon (2016) conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the literature from the standpoint of TAM
and its expansions.
Researchers discovered a set of characteristics that influence technological acceptability based on perceived ease of
use, utility, and risk considerations for developers and end users.
According to researchers, purchasing Bitcoin is complicated since customers are unfamiliar with intermediaries and
do not trust them. However, the lack of efficient middlemen, transaction speed, and economical cost of transactions have made
the option more appealing. Investors typically trust the blockchain technology that powers crypto-currencies. A normal shopper
would first open an account before acquiring Crypto-currency. In regards to Bitcoin we can trace all of the phases in the
process. To begin, digital currency address is generated. There are two sorts of keys generated: one is private to safeguard the
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account, and the other is for distribution. Following that, monies will be sent through a bank and directly into the recipient's
wallet (Folkinshteyn and Lennon, 2016).
Crypto-currencies to greater extent are perceived as fraudulent (DeVries, 2016), and the question of investor’s belief
is under-researched, particularly what generates trust. Blockchain technology is the foundation for establishing trust. Because
transactions are stored in the ledger and everything is logged, the transaction's architecture places trust at its heart, which
should lead to an increase rather than a decline in trust (Folkinshteyn and Lennon,2016). As a result, Bitcoin and other
alternative currency become decentralised brands that are not reliant on a single authority (Huymayun and Belk, 2016). Sas and
Khairuddin (2015, 2017) guided investigation of trust in relation to Bitcoin technology, namely the necessity to study degrees
of reliane on technology, social trust, and institutional trust. Such levels can lead to an examination of concerns with trust with
users, exchanges, merchants, miners, and governments. Decentralization, uncontrolled elements, embedded knowledge and
reputation, transparency, cheap cost, and easy and rapid transactions are Bitcoin characteristics that are crucial to user trust.
However, weaknesses might occur as a result of users' password troubles and the possibility of assaults, blunders, or dishonest
partners. Transactions are performed with recognised exchanges or socially authorised traders to reduce such dangers.
Extending their application into financial services, crypto-currencies are employed as investments and crowdfunding
initiatives, such as the rapidly growing ICOs (initial coin offerings) through which firms may raise funds (Elsden et al., 2018).
The Ability to Understand Crypto-Currencies has a Positive Influence on Crypto-Currency Confidence
Users of digital currencies may not be equipped with banking and payment aspects Furthermore, little is known about
the factors that contribute to Crypto-currency acceptability in the first place (Glaser et al., 2014; Kristoufek, 2015). It is vital
for customers to understand how crypto-currencies work, yet explaining how crypto-currencies work to novices may be
challenging. There are now a number of crypto-currencies on the market, each with its unique set of characteristics that may be
difficult to comprehend, reducing the education requirements of potential investors.
As a result, buyers who have a poor comprehension of a product are more likely to have doubts about the product and
the brand (Doney and Cannon, 1997). Furthermore, people are more likely to be persuaded to make a judgement and,
ultimately, a decision to accept or reject something if they have adequate knowledge. According to Zhou, trust antecedents in
emerging technology adoption include valuation trust (e.g. cost–benefit analysis), cognitive processing trust (e.g. observations
that confirm an initial view), personality-based trust (e.g. individual outlook on others' motivations), and institution-based trust
(e.g. interaction that really is comparable to earlier interactions, potential legal recourse, regulations) (2012). (2017, Mahomed)
Government Trust Impacts Crypto-Currency Trust Favorably
Crypto-currencies and its accompanying technologies are unprotected in terms of money and transfer, and they are not
approved by governments in the majority of circumstances. The prefix "crypto" is followed by the term "currency," implying
that crypto-currencies have the same features and functions as government-backed currencies. Crypto-currencies, on the other
hand, are operated by non-governmental organisations in the vast majority of situations, if not all (Sas and Khairuddin, 2015).
Cryptocurrencies enable a peer-to-peer transaction system as an alternative to central banks. (Abramowitz, 2014). Furthermore,
crypto-currencies provide value by providing customers with a level of anonymity and autonomy that has the potential to upset
centralised financial and governmental institutions (Carroll and Bellotti, 2015). Peer-to-peer transactions have been greeted
with government antagonism due to a lack of confidence (Abramowitz, 2014). This is due to the fact that customers may buy
crypto-currencies using government-backed money, but what they end up with is an unregulated intermediate digital currency.
As a result, authorities may be capable of making use of peer-to-peer protocols by putting them into the well legal frameworks.
Furthermore, government regulation of crypto-currencies may provide the essential work effectively to strengthen institutional
trust and investor confidence in the peer-to-peer transaction system (Zarifis et al., 2014). Governments have been advised to
build their own crypto-currencies to avoid the systems becoming a conduit for fraudsters and corrupt officials (Inman, 2018).
Speed of a Transaction has a Favorable Impact on Crypto-Currency Confidence
Investors are constantly subjected to rising banking transaction fees and significant delays in financial transaction
recognition across many shops. Investors are turning to cryptocurrency for both value and efficiency because it provides
significant improvements in anonymity (Baur et al., 2015), cybersecurity (Wang and Vergne, 2017), large financial trades
(B€ohme et al., 2015), significantly lower, if any, transaction fees (Dierksmeier and Seele, 2018), and faster transaction
settlement with guarantee of settlement (Chiu and Koeppl, 2017). In general, crypto-currencies enable direct financial
transactions between parties, whether B2B, B2C, or C2C (B€ohme et al., 2015).
Crypto-Currency Trust has a Detrimental Impact on Investing Anxiety
Despite the fact that there are several crypto-currencies in circulation today, security concerns remain a source of
concern (Todorov, 2017). Recent studies have shown evidence of hacking in crypto-currency exchanges, adding to customers'
concerns about their use (Girasa, 2018). Attacks and hacking tactics aimed at stealing coins, ransomware, or tracking crypto-
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currencies are possible (Chohan, 2019). In addition, inconsistent pronouncements regarding crypto-currency from various
media outlets and government bodies have sparked social anxiety over digital currencies (Hong, 2018). Furthermore, risk-
averse investors are getting concerned about missing out on the extraordinary returns that may be made when coins undergo
fast valorization suddenly (Chang, 2018).Trust in crypto-currencies negatively influences loyalty to banks.
Crypto-currencies, unlike traditional financial systems, are based on decentralised trust. For example, we used to put
our faith in the financial organisation and its database to keep our money safe and to accurately display us what we possess, our
transactions, and our savings (Shareef et al., 2018). Crypto-currency transactions, on the other hand, do not go via a trusted
intermediary but rather through a deregulated peer-to-peer method. FinTech businesses, for example, are distinguished by
innovation and adaptability and are referred to as crypto-currency enterprises. There is a new generation of non-banking
financial institution members, thanks to decreased, if any, switching costs and younger generations being digital omnivores.
These individuals display a lack of brand loyalty as well as bank loyalty. FinTech businesses' disruptive effect on customers
might pose a serious danger to traditional banking institutions' survival (Swacha-Lech, 2017).
Anxiety over Investments has a Detrimental Impact on Bank Loyalty
Customers that are less hesitant to invest in crypto-currencies are more loyal to the various coin-based digital currency
suppliers (Floh and Treiblmaier, 2006). Investors who engage in high-frequency crypto-trading, on the other hand, are
frequently tormented by worry and sadness (Grall-Bronnec et al., 2017). Worse, many customers are concerned about the legal
status of crypto-currencies and how their governments may respond (for example, through policy) (Grinberg, 2012; Yahanpath
and Wilton, 2014).
Between Faith in Crypto-Currencies and Loyalty to Banks, there is a Mediating Impact and Worry
Many disruptive technologies are already breaking down traditional regulatory systems to the benefit of investors.
Crypto-currencies have difficulties because they lack both a central issuer and value stability. Investors are concerned about the
trustworthiness of Crypto-currencies as a day-to-day money because the market continues to experience severe highs and lows
in terms of value (Luther, 2016). Future confidence in crypto-currencies, according to Harwick (2016), is dependent on both
steady purchasing power and financial intermediaries whose crypto-liabilities circulate as a medium of exchange. Crypto-
currencies will be dependant on other non-crypto currencies as long as banks refuse to do transactions in them (i.e., there is no
central issuer) (e.g. US dollar, flat currencies) (Khurana et al., 2016).
Transaction Speed
We add to the current literature by arguing that investors reliance in digital coin based currencies is bolstered by
awareness of crypto-currencies, government trust, and the speed with which transactions with crypto-currencies may be
completed in minutes. The transaction may often be authenticated round the clock (Medium, 2018). Furthermore, the speed of
transaction for crypto-currencies is both good news for investors and a warning to banks, as customers anticipate faster, more
secure, and authenticated financial transactions.
The first finding is that traditional financial institutions such as Banks must be able to provide an arrangement that
allows peer-to-peer transaction records and fast processing across domestic trades, stock exchanges, deposits, withdrawals,
foreign currency, and global exchanges in order to remain competitive and relevant. They must be able to communicate with
coin-based digital currency suppliers first and foremost. JP Morgan just launched their own crypto-currency, the "JPM Coin,"
which is the first bank-backed crypto-currency in the United States. JPM Coin will be utilised to settle client-lender payments;
however, cross-border payments and corporate debt services will be moved to the blockchain. While the JPM Coin and its
capabilities are still in their infancy, lagging far behind the big crypto-providers, JP Morgan realised that if they did not interact
with crypto-currency, they risk losing their client base in the not-too-distant future. Because the crypto-currency business
continues to disrupt and progress the financial sector, FinTech firms may wish to sell, advertise, and promote their usage of
crypto-currencies in order to convert more clients with almost no switching costs.
Anxiety about Investing
Our findings contribute to irrational and indecisiveness, particularly in the context of marketing investments, by
revealing that investors can have knowledge of crypto-currencies and trust in their respective governments while also enjoying
the benefits of crypto-currencies, such as transaction speed, but still be concerned about them. The findings, on the other hand,
show that individuals were not too nervous on average. This might be due to the fact that crypto-currencies in this context or
for this application are so new that some worry is to be expected. In fact, it's possible that customers anticipate some amount of
fear. This study shows that regardless of why individuals are anxious, their emotions have little effect on their opinions toward
investing in and trading crypto-currencies. In the favour of reality if additional research are done to investigate this finding, it
would sugguest that FinTech firms and banks (should they choose to enter the Crypto-currency market) do not need to spend
time and money on marketing, advertising, and promotions to try to allay investors' anxiety about their adoption of various
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digital currencies. Rather, this would free up resources for FinTech firms and banks to focus on marketing, advertising, and
promoting the variables (such as expertise, trust in government, and transaction speed) that appear to promote intent to invest
in crypto-currencies.
V. CONCLUSION, FUTURE RESEARCH AND LIMITATIONS
Our findings, like other research, had certain limitations. Furthermore, crypto-currencies are governed by different
policies and legislation in different nations. Some governments, such as the United States and Australia, are supportive of
crypto-currencies, while others have banned Bitcoin transactions (e.g. China, Vietnam). We believe that the current research
will be expanded in a number of ways. Future studies should, for example, look at confidence in crypto-currencies in various
circumstances (e.g. Germany, Australia). Germany is one of the few European nations that permits the use of Crypto-currency.
Second, the report did not look at the effect of income on Crypto-currency trust. People with lesser earnings have greater
investing constraints than those with higher incomes, which may affect their faith in any investment (Eckel et al., 2005). Third,
we did not distinguish between customers with high Internet proficiency and those with poor Internet competency. In the
sphere of online behaviour, customers' own proficiency and self-efficacy impact them (Eastin, 2002). It's extremely possible
that bitcoin may become the global economy's future. More research is needed, however, because there is still a lack of
understanding of how bitcoin value works and how bullish and bearish patterns affect the cryptocurrency market in general.
Bitcoin is the future of the global economy, although they were concerned about the cryptocurrency's volatility rate. Future
study might look into people's Internet skills and compare them to their impressions of crypto-currencies and their faith in
them. Finally, we examined customers' overall attitudes on crypto-currencies rather than their actual investing behaviour in
bitcoin or other assets. Investors with expertise in investing and risk-taking should be compared to investors with little or
limited experience in investment in future study. Despite its limitations, we have highlighted the key characteristics that
influence customer trust in crypto-currencies in this article.
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interests regarding the publication of this article. Each author have
participated sufficiently into this work. 1st
author: collected the data, performed the analysis and wrote the paper, helped shape
the manuscript 2nd
author: conceived of the presented idea, designed and edited the paper and contributed to the final version.