3. What is crowdfunding?
Accumulation of small investments in individual
projects by large number of individuals (the
âcrowdâ) via or with help of Internet and social
networks (De Buysere et al., 2012)
Picture: FundedByMe
4. Four forms of crowdfunding
Form Benefits for funders
Donation-based
Donation Intangible benefits.
Reward-based
Donation or pre-purchase
Rewards in addition to intangible
benefits.
Equity-based Investment
Return on investment if company
does well. Rewards sometimes also
offered and intangible benefits may
motivate too.
Debt-based Loan
Repayment of loan with interest.
Alternatively intangible benefits if
loan given interest-free.
Ingram & Teigland 2013
5. Market size
ďGlobal crowdfunding almost doubled 2012 to
2013 to USD 5.1 bln
ďMarch 2014 Kickstarter passes USD 1 bln in total
pledges
ďFundedByMe raised USD 10.5 mln to date
ďBy 2025, global crowdfunding could reach USD
90 to 96 bln (1.8 times todayâs global VC industry)
ďGrowth potential greatest in emerging markets?
ďUSD 50 bln in China by 2025?
7. Local Stockholm success story:
Flippinâ Burgers
Money raised:
SEK 36,502 /
âŹ4,000
Number of
investors: 186
Date funded:
September 2011
Sector: Food
12. P2P lending in the US and UKâŚ
â˘>USD 3.8 bln in personal
loans since 2007
⢠USD 750 mln growth each
quarter
â˘Now offering business loans
â˘Strategic alliance with Union
Bank
15. Ingram &Teigland, 2013
Why crowdfund?
ďTest market or establish user base
ďMarketing & publicity for your product or service
ďFaster time to market
ďFunding (may not be large amount of money
though)
ďScreening device for investors
ďAccess greater pool of investors: further afield or
people without right âconnectionsâ
ďSkills, connections, and other resources?
16. Investment Role and Type Investment Value 2012
Angel
Investors
Invest large amounts, make few
investments, take equity share.
3.3-3.9 billion SEK p.a.
(approximation based on 2008
data)
Soft Loans
State loans at high interest rates
that can be written off if enterprise
dissolution.
2.4 billion SEK p.a. (ALMI alone)
Venture
Capitalists
Invest large amounts, make few
investments, take equity share.
1.8 billion SEK p.a. (2010 data)
Crowdfunding
Donation, pre-purchase/reward, or
equity, depending on platform and
entrepreneurâs preferences.
Estimated 37 million SEK p.a.
Ingram & Teigland 2013
17. âItâs not just about the money.â
685 people talking
about product on
social media
Australiaâs âMajor Disaster Departmentâ
Worldâs largest telecom
21. Democratizing innovation
through access to capital
Kickstarter
⢠Women 13% more likely to to meet
crowdfunding goals than men
⢠67% of women-led technology ventures
reached goals vs 30% of male-led
ventures
Indiegogo
⢠Women 61% more likely than men to
meet goals
⢠Women account for 41% of projects
that meet goals
http://online.wsj.com/articles/kickstarter-closes-the-funding-gap-for-women-1407949759
23. For all ages - including teenagers
http://www.indiegogo.com/projects/afripreneurs-and-the-leapfrog-effect
24. âMade in Africaâ 3D printer (Togo)
Winner of International
Space Apps Challenge
http://www.engineering.com/3DPrinting/3DPrintingArticles/ArticleID/5712/E-Waste-3D-Printer-to-Mars.aspx
25. Crowdfunding challenges?
ďSkills: How to ensure knowledge/awareness and necessary skills
for crowdfunding?
ďLack of support and strategic advice for funders/investors, entrepreneurs,
public sector?
ďHow to deal with many small investors in equity crowdfunding?
ďRegulation: How to protect investors without stifling
innovation?
ďCross border investments?
ďSecondary markets for crowd equity shares?
ďTaxation issues for investors and entrepreneurs?
ďLocal market: How to protect/ensure local markets against
foreign competition?
ďLocal platforms vs global platforms?
ďSignificant/sufficient level of funding from local market?
ďHow to better leverage âcrowdâ for resources?
Source: Own research, Nesta
28. If you love knowledge,
set it freeâŚ
Robin Teigland
robin.teigland@hhs.se
www.knowledgenetworking.org
www.slideshare.net/eteigland
@RobinTeigland
If you like this presentation and would like to contribute to our
research, we accept bitcoins:
14hs4JbnQLXE87GGzu84uXGaspmxmnLpwC.
Thank you!!!!!
40. Who are the funders?
ďEducated experts(?)
ď§University degree
ď§Knowledge and previous experience in same field
ď§âIn-crowdâ
ď§âEntrepreneursâ
ď§Risk lovers
Skoglund & Stiernblad 2013
41. Who are the funders?
ďEducated experts(?)
ď§85% respondents have university degree (vs 16%
women/22% men in general population, 2013)
ď§42% had knowledge in same field as project they
funded
ď§49% reported to have been better at judging project
quality due to previous experience
ďâIn-crowdâ
ď§47% of âthe crowdâ classified themselves as
entrepreneurs â compared to only 7% of Swedish
population (2012)
ď§77% never bought shares in unlisted company before
ď§41% risk lovers Skoglund & Stiernblad 2013
42. Crowd equity raising its headâŚ
⢠Politicians generally
positive -> entrepreneurs
+ job creation
⢠But regulation is lagging
in most countries
⢠US, Italy, Denmark
changing regulations
enabling equity
Massolution 2013
Millions of dollars
43. Equity crowdfunding
ďEU/EEA
ďNo country can require a prospectus to be prepared
for rounds of <EUR 100 000
ďFor rounds of >EUR 5 million, EU prospectus always
required
ďSweden
ďFor rounds of >EUR 2.5 million, EU prospectus
always required
ď<150 ânon-qualifiedâ investors without prospectus
46. How to succeed?
ďChoose right platformâ and crowdfunding form
ďGoing global or local?
ďWhat do you give in return (thank you, reward, pre-purchase,
shares)?
ďKeep in mind platform fees
ďDefine the concept
ďMake it easily understood
ďMake it personal?
ďFeed the crowd
ďEnsure initial critical mass (social media, newspapers)
ďKeep followers up to date
ďMAGIC
47. Lots to think about....
Going global? Going local?
Reward-based? l Niche product or
service?
l Global appeal?
l What are rewards?
l How do you reach
international audience â
and stand out?
l Community-specific
product or service?
l Local appeal?
l What are rewards?
l Does community know
about you â can you
reach them?
l Local benefits
Equity-based? l Looking to scale up?
l How much equity?
l How to value your
project?
l Looking to establish
foothold?
l How much equity?
l How to value your
project?
l Local benefits â
experience, connections
etc?
48. Trends in crowdfunding
ďPeer to peer lending
ďNiche
ďCommunity
ďHybrid platforms
ďEnterprise sponsored
ďInternal corporate crowdfunding
ďLIVE!
ďEconomic development
ďCelebrities
ďâŚ
51. Celebrities entering the scene
Executive Producer Robert Redford
Narrated by Jodie Foster
Donald Trumpâs crowdfunding site
Open to anyone
52. Internal corporate crowdfunding
iFundIT
ďMore than 300 participants
ďEntry-level workers to VPs
ďGiven $2,000 to invest over 8 week period
ďChoose internal projects in which to invest