Understanding Culture, Sociology, and Political Science

1. CULTURAL RELATIVISM /
ETHNOCENTRISM: AND
CULTURAL, SOCIAL, POLITICAL
AND ECONOMIC SYMBOLS AND
PRACTICES

2. A. EMIC / ETIC VIEW OF CULTURE
B. LEVELS OF CULTURAL ORGANIZATION
C. CULTURAL PRACTICES GLOBALLY AND
NATIONALLY

3. Shanna Rae L. Cailing
Angelo Arco
Kyla Amirey T. Caliso
GROUP 1
LEADER
ASSISTANT LEADER
MEMBERS:
Charlene Abegail Alacar
Anje Agotilla

4. A person’s personality is shaped by their temperament,
attitude, thoughts, beliefs, behavior, and character.
Personality varies in every individual in the society, and
that what makes them unique. A person’s uniqueness
contributes to their special place and worth within
society.
PREVIOUS LESSON
LESSON 2: ROLE OF AN INDIVIDUAL
IN SOCIAL CHANGE & INCLUSIVE
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

5. OBJECTIVES
B. Define emic and etic views of culture.
C. Differentiate emic perspective from Etic perspective of
culture.
D. Appreciate/Value cultural practices of an organization /
society.
A. Explain the importance of cultural relativism in attaining
cultural understanding.

6. Cultural relativism emphasizes understanding cultural
practices within their own contexts, avoiding
ethnocentric judgments. The emic view delves into
internal meanings, while the etic view offers an external
analysis. Cultural organization spans individual to
societal levels, shaping identity and values.
INTRODUCTION

7. Globally and nationally, diverse practices, including
rituals and traditions, contribute to the rich
tapestry of human culture. Embracing cultural
diversity fosters a more inclusive perspective,
recognizing the significance of each cultural facet
within its unique framework.

8. Is the principle of regarding and valuing the
practices of a culture from the point of view of
that culture and to avoid making hasty
judgments.
CULTURAL RELATIVISM &
ETHNOCENTRISM
CULTURAL RELATIVISM:

9. ETHNOCENTRISM:
-is to judge another culture based on the standard of one's own
culture instead of the standard of the other particular culture.
-part of ethnocentrism is the belief that one’s own race, ethnic or
cultural group is the most important or that some or all aspects of its
culture are superior to those of other groups. Some people will simply
call it cultural ignorance.

10. m
LET’S DIFFERENTIATE THINGS UP!

11. - both evaluate culture,
which is the beliefs,
attitudes, social norms and
characteristics of a social
group that people share
over place and time.
- it emphasizes understanding
a culture within its own
context, appreciating diversity
in symbols, social structures,
politics, and economics.
- involves judging other
cultures based on one’s own
cultural norms
- promotes open-
mindedness
- supports acknowledging
diverse systems
- hinder cooperation due to
biased viewpoints.
- tends to foster
judgment and cultural
bias.
CULTURE
RELATIVISM
ETHNOCENTRISM

12. EMIC AND ETIC VIEW OF CULTURE
EMIC APPROACH
The emic approach to studying human culture is one in
which the members of the culture being studied are the
main source of information used to understand the
culture. More simply stated, it’s when the words and
beliefs of the culture’s members take center stage.

13. Rather than reading other scientists’ accounts
of the culture, the researcher will observe or
even interview the members of the culture in
order to understand why they live and believe as
they do.

14. ETIC APPROACH
Opposite of the emic approach, the etic approach to
studying human culture employs existing theories
and perspectives that originated from outside the
culture being studied. In other words, it uses
preconceived notions and theories about culture in
general in order to study specific cultures.

15. m
LET’S DIFFERENTIATE THINGS UP!

16. EMIC
- involves analyzing cultures
from an outsider’s, often
scientific, viewpoint, using
universal criteria for
comparison.
- focuses on
understanding cultures
from within, considering
the internal meanings and
values
- emphasize cultural
specificity and the
importance of
understanding a culture
on its own terms.
- it uses preconceived
notions and theories
about culture in general
in order to study
specific cultures.
- It helps us to understand
local realities, and to
analyze them.
ETIC

17. LEVELS OF CULTURAL ORGANIZATION
THREE LEVELS OF CULTURAL
ORGANIZATIONS
Level 1 - The Artifacts
The visible manifestations of culture for
example dress code and décor.

18. Level 2 - Espoused Values
How an organization explains its culture, for example
official policy and accepted beliefs. Discover through ‘why’
questions.
Level 3 - Shared Tacit Assumptions
The hidden assumptions, values and beliefs. The understood,
traditional and
unofficial ways of being, doing and feeling.

19. CULTURAL PRACTICES GLOBALLY AND NATIONALLY
Global Cultural Practices
Global culture is shared by many worldwide
and is based on western ideals on
consumption, and attitudes towards the
physical environment.

20. Pop music, fast food chain restaurants, and
Hollywood films are examples of global culture,
spread to all corners of the world. The
importance of global culture is exposure to
different languages, religions, and interactions,
which can create connections and show
diversity.

21. National culture, a layer of culture that is
a certain collective programming of the
mind of society, which is created as a
result of upbringing and growing up in a
specific country.
National Cultural Practices

22. It is an underniable element of national
consciousness. National culture together
with collective memory is the carrier of
national cultural traditions. The most
important parts of national culture are:
language, religion, food, and customs.

23. EXAMPLES OF CULTURAL PRACTICES GLOBALLY AND
NATIONALLY
Global • Hollywood films
• Sports
• English Language
• Religion
• United Nations

24. National (Philippines)
• Karaoke
• Bayanihan
• Pagmamano
• Pamamanhikan
• Harana

25. Appreciating cultural practices involves
open-minded exploration, attending events,
participating in traditions, learning
historical context and engaging respectfully
with community members to understand
values and customs.

26. Cultural relativism stresses comprehending cultures
within their own context, while ethnocentrism entails
judging them through the lens of one's own culture.
The components of culture, including symbols, social
structures, politics, and economics, collectively shape
a society.
SUMMARY

27. Emic viewpoints concentrate on internal meanings,
contrasting with etic perspectives that provide on
outsider's analytical stance. Cultural organization
operates at different levels, contributing to the
intricate nature of each culture. Globally, cultures
share similarities alongside distinctive practices, and
national cultures enhance the diversity found on a
global scale.

28. https://ceopedia.org/index.php/National_culture
https://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanation/geography/globalisation/glob
al.
culture/#:-:text=Pop%20music%2C%20fast%20food%20chain.create%
20connections%20and%20show%20diversity.
https://www.leadershipcentre.org.uk/artofchangemaking/theory/3-levels-
of-organisational-culture/
https://study.com/academy/lesson/etic-and-emic-world-views-in-
anthropology.html
REFERENCE

29. Thank You!