Beat reporting involves regularly covering specific areas for a news outlet. This document discusses how to cover the police and fire beats. It recommends getting to know officers as humans to build trust and always going to the scene of incidents to get important details. For the police beat, reporters are advised to develop sources in different departments and not assume people don't want to talk after crimes. For the fire beat, keeping calm, taking detailed notes, and finding officials and eyewitnesses are emphasized. Sports journalism involves reporting on amateur and professional sports through various media like print, radio, and television. It defines the role of sports journalists and offers tips for writing sports stories.