There is a simplest explaination of fluid mechanics

1. Fluid Static Forces
Hydraulic I - CVE 215
Civil Eng. Dept.

2. Cover Dams and
Revision on
“Fluid Hydrostatics”

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Working Area of Cover Dams

9. The centroid and the centroidal moments of inertia
for some common geometries

12. The only difference between a weir and a barrage is of gates, that is the
flow in barrage is regulated by gates and that in weirs, by its crest
height. Barrages are costlier than weirs.

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14.  Patm = 0 Free surface
F
h
 g h
h/3
Liquid of
density, 
Pavg.
C. P
C. G
B
h
Pressure and Hydrostatic Force on a Vertical Plane Surface

15. Hydrostatic Force on a Dam

17. (c)

18. Pressure, Forces, Moments on a Submerged Symetric Plate
Determine the force and center of pressure on a rectangular wall
on a tank filled with a fluid (gasoline of s.g = 0.86) with total depth
= 3 m and length of wall = 10 m.

3 m
F
Wall
A
3 m
10 m
dA
Typical Problem
Typical Schematics

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Hydrostatic Force: Vertical Wall
Find the pressure on a vertical wall using Hydrostatic Force Method?
O

H

20. Effect of Hydrostatic Force on Buildings

21. Hydrostatic Force on Curved Surfaces

22. Hydrostatic Force on Curved Surface

23. Hydrostatic Force on Curved Surfaces
What force F is required to hold
the plate AB steady?
Plate AB has a width of 1.0m on to the paper

24. • Curved Submerged Surface
 Horizontal Force = Equivalent Vertical Plane Force
 Vertical Force = Weight of Fluid Directly Above
(+ Free Surface Pressure Force)
Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

25. The dam shown below has a cylindrical surface with a
radius of 8 meters. If water is built up to the top of the dam,
what is the equivalent point load of the water pressing
against the dam.

8 m
Worked Example

26. Hydrostatic Force on Curved Surface

28. 28 Radial Gate Fabrication
Applications
Diversion of water for irrigation,
On top of dams to increase reservoir
capacity,
In spillways or in drainage canals to
maintain water elevation,
In other locations where wide, clear
waterway openings are necessary and
where economical control of water is
important.

29. Overflow Radial Gate Installation

30. A 5-m long seawall separates a freshwater body from a saltwater body as
shown in the figure. The wall is a total of 4 m high, with the top half of the
wall being semicircular. Under design conditions, the surface of the
freshwater body is at the top of the wall and the surface of the saltwater
body is at the mid-height of the wall.
What is the net hydrostatic force on the wall under the design condition?
Assume that the freshwater and the and saltwater are 1.0 and 1.06 m
respectively.
Worked Example

31. 4 m
2 m
2 m



2 m
2 m
A
B C
D

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