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1. Roll no : 1 to 10 (Group 1)
Subject:Counseling psychology
Submitted to : MamSamiaSarwar

2. Rational
Emotive
Behavior
therapy
 Topics which cover in this therapy:
(Table of contents)
 Definition
 Techniques
 Uses
 Benefits
 Effectiveness

3. REBT
Introduction
Definition
 What Is Rational Emotive BehaviorTherapy?
Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) is a type of cognitive behavioral
therapy (CBT) developed by psychologist Albert Ellis. REBT is an action-
oriented approach that’s focused on helping people deal with irrational
beliefs and learn how to manage their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors in
a healthier, more realistic way
When people hold irrational beliefs about themselves or the world,
problems can result. The goal of REBT is to help people recognize and alter
those beliefs and negative thinking patterns in order to overcome
psychological problems and mental distress.

4. Introduction
(continue)
 According to REBT, our cognition, emotions, and
behavior are connected. In order to understand the
impact of events and situations that people encounter
throughout life, it’s essential to look at the beliefs
people hold about these experiences and the emotions
that arise as a result of those beliefs.

5. Techniques
 A core concept of REBT is the ABC model. This model
explains how, while we may blame external events for
our unhappiness, it is our interpretation of these events
that truly lies at the heart of our psychological distress.
“ABC” is an acronym for:

6. Techniques
(continue)
 A: Activating event, which is when something
happens in the environment around you
 B: Belief, which describes your thoughts about
the event or situation
 C: Consequence, which is your emotional
response to your belief

7. ABCDE
Model

8. Identifying
Beliefs and
Applying the
ABC Model:
 During REBT, your therapist will help you learn how to
apply the ABC model to your daily life. If you’re feeling
depressed due to a conflict in your relationship, for
example, your therapist may help you identify the
activating event for your problem before encouraging
you to figure out which beliefs led to your negative
feelings. They would then work with you to change
those beliefs and, ultimately, your emotional response
to the conflict.
 An important step in this process is recognizing the
underlying beliefs that lead to psychological distress. In
many cases, these are reflected as absolutes, as in “I
must,” “I should,” or “I can’t.” Some of the most
common irrational beliefs include:

9. (Continue)
Apply model
 Feeling excessively upset over other people’s mistakes
or misconduct
 Believing that you must be perfectly competent and
successful in everything to be valued and worthwhile
 Believing that you will be happier if you avoid life’s
difficulties or challenges
 Feeling that you have no control over your own
happiness; that your contentment and joy are
dependent upon external forces

10. Identifying
Beliefs
(continue)
 Holding unyielding beliefs like these makes it
almost impossible to respond to activating
situations in a psychologically healthy way.
Possessing rigid expectations of ourselves and
others only leads to disappointment,
recrimination, regret, and anxiety.

11. In short REBT

12. Disputation
 One step toward changing your beliefs is undergoing a process
called disputation. During disputation, your therapist will challenge
your irrational beliefs using direct methods. They may question
your beliefs head-on, causing you to rethink them, or they could
ask you to imagine another point of view that you haven’t
considered before.
 Disputation is meant to teach you life-long skills to help you
manage your emotional response and overall mental health
 While each therapist may approach disputation differently,
challenging your beliefs is part of the process. Ellis suggested that
rather than simply being warm and supportive, therapists need to
be blunt, honest, and logical in order to push people toward
changing their thoughts and behaviors.

13. Gaining
Insight and
Changing
Behavior
 An important part of the REBT process is learning how to replace
your irrational beliefs with healthier ones. This process can be
daunting and upsetting, and it’s normal to feel some discomfort or
to worry that you’ve made a mistake.
 However, the goal of REBT is to help people respond rationally to
situations that would typically cause stress, depression, or other
negative feelings. When faced with this type of situation in the
future, the emotionally healthy response would be to realize that it
is not realistic to expect success in every endeavor. All you can do is
learn from the situation and move on.
 You are worthy of self-acceptance no matter what even when you
struggle or make mistakes; there is no need for shame or guilt.
 Others are also worthy of acceptance, even when their behavior
involves something that you don’t like.
 Negative things will sometimes happen in life, and that doesn’t
mean that things are happening in a way they shouldn’t be. Life is
not positive all of the time, and there’s no rational reason to expect
it to be.

14. Continue:
 While REBT uses cognitive strategies, it focuses on
emotions and behaviors as well. In addition to
identifying and disputing irrational beliefs, therapists
and clients also work together to target the emotional
responses that accompany problematic thoughts.
Techniques that might be encouraged include:
 Meditation
 Journaling
 Guided imagery

15. REBTCan
HelpWith:
 REBT has some data to support its benefit in a variety of
conditions, including:
 Anxiety and distress
 Depression
 Disruptive behavior in children
 Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
 Social anxiety disorder
 Psychotic symptoms
REBT has also shown promise in sports psychology, where it can be
used to help athletes overcome irrational beliefs that may be
negatively impacting their mental health and performance.

16. Benefits of
REBT:
 Helping people manage their emotions, cognitions, and behaviors.
Indeed, research suggests that REBT is effective at reducing
irrational beliefs and changing behavior.
Overall, REBT offers several behavioral benefits, like:
 Reduced feelings of anger, anxiety, depression, and distress
 Improved health and quality of life
 Better school performance and social skills

17. Effectiveness
 REBT has a wide range of potential applications. Because it’s focused on education
and taking action, it may be effective for a variety of situations and mental health
conditions. It may even lead to lasting change in those who undergo this form of
therapy.
 Depression and Anxiety
 REBT may be effective in reducing symptoms for people with depression or anxiety.
The positive effects also appear to last even after therapy ends.
 REBT has also shown promising results for adolescents experiencing depression.
This may be due to its emphasis on teaching techniques like:
 Identifying cognitive errors
 Challenging irrational beliefs
 Separating individuals from their behaviors
 Practicing acceptance

18. Things to
Consider:
 REBT can be a daunting process. For some, disputation may feel
aggressive or confrontational, and facing irrational thought
patterns can be difficult, as it’s not easy to accept these beliefs as
unhealthy. The process of changing these thoughts can be even
more challenging, as it may involve learning to let go of long-held
beliefs.
 REBT is meant to teach you life-long skills and, as such, it’s not a
passive process. Your sessions may involve reading assignments
and homework, and you’ll likely have to step out of your comfort
zone to get the benefits of this form of therapy.

19. How toGet
Started :
 To begin REBT, check with your doctor for any recommendations of local
therapists or search for mental healthcare professionals who offer this
approach either in person or online.
 During your first session, your therapist will likely discuss your goals and
the activating event (or events) that prompted you to seek treatment.
They may want to delve into REBT techniques right away; this form of
therapy is very active and focused, so your therapist is not likely to spend a
lot of time on casual conversation.
 Throughout your treatment, you will probably receive homework
assignments to complete and new behaviors to experiment with. Your
willingness to try out new beliefs and different behaviors will impact how
beneficial REBT is for you.

20. Thank you