Corporations often use different costs of capital for different operating divisions. Using an example, calculate the weighted cost of capital (WACC). What are some potential issues in using varying techniques for cost of capital for different divisions? If the overall company weighted average cost of capital (WACC) were used as the hurdle rate for all divisions, would more conservative or riskier divisions get a greater share of capital? Explain your reasoning. What are two techniques that you could use to develop a rough estimate for each division’s cost of capital? Your response should be 200 to 250 words Running Head: LEADERSHIP THEORIES LEADERSHIP THEORIES6 Assignment 1: Theories of Leadership For all assignments, assume that the City Manager has hired you as the Chief of Staff for your local government. The City Manager has tasked you with developing and implementing the government’s new million dollar grant funded Public Leadership Academy. The mission of the Public Leadership Academy is to provide ongoing training and development of the local government’s current and prospective public leaders. This program was developed in an effort to build and sustain world class public leadership that exemplifies exceptional leadership traits and skills, while fostering long-term relationships internal and external stakeholders and constituents. In the upcoming weeks, you will deliver your first presentation to the government’s local councilpersons, in which you address the type of public leadership model(s) that is both needed within the local government for its public leaders and required to fulfil the mission of the Public Leadership Academy. After careful review and analysis of the steps needed to meet your goal, your first assignment is to revisit the theories and styles of leadership. You will examine the theories and styles that support the role of the public leader. You may use the Internet and / or Strayer databases to complete any additional research. Note: You may create and / or make all necessary assumptions needed for the completion of this assignment. Use the basic outline below to draft your paper. Organize your responses to each question (except Question 4) under the following section headings: · Defining The Public Leader (for Question 1) · Leadership Theories (for Question 2) · Leadership Styles (for Question 3) Write a four to five (4-5) page paper in which you: 1. Determine two (2) leadership theories and two (2) leadership styles that support the definition of a public leader. Provide a rationale for your response. 2. Assess the effectiveness of the two (2) leadership theories from Question 1. Provide two (2) examples for each leadership theory. 3. Assess the effectiveness of the two (2) leadership styles from Question 1. Provide two (2) examples for each leadership style. Question 1: Defining the Public Leader Leadership is defined as the process by which a leader influences people to aid in the completion o.

1. Corporations often use different costs of capital for different
operating divisions. Using an example, calculate the weighted
cost of capital (WACC). What are some potential issues in using
varying techniques for cost of capital for different divisions? If
the overall company weighted average cost of capital (WACC)
were used as the hurdle rate for all divisions, would more
conservative or riskier divisions get a greater share of capital?
Explain your reasoning. What are two techniques that you could
use to develop a rough estimate for each division’s cost of
capital? Your response should be 200 to 250 words
Running Head: LEADERSHIP THEORIES
LEADERSHIP THEORIES6
Assignment 1: Theories of Leadership
For all assignments, assume that the City Manager has hired you
as the Chief of Staff for your local government. The City
Manager has tasked you with developing and implementing the
government’s new million dollar grant funded Public
Leadership Academy. The mission of the Public Leadership
Academy is to provide ongoing training and development of the
local government’s current and prospective public leaders. This
program was developed in an effort to build and sustain world
class public leadership that exemplifies exceptional leadership
traits and skills, while fostering long-term relationships internal
and external stakeholders and constituents. In the upcoming
weeks, you will deliver your first presentation to the
government’s local councilpersons, in which you address the
type of public leadership model(s) that is both needed within
the local government for its public leaders and required to fulfil
the mission of the Public Leadership Academy.
After careful review and analysis of the steps needed to meet

2. your goal, your first assignment is to revisit the theories and
styles of leadership. You will examine the theories and styles
that support the role of the public leader.
You may use the Internet and / or Strayer databases to complete
any additional research.
Note: You may create and / or make all necessary assumptions
needed for the completion of this assignment.
Use the basic outline below to draft your paper. Organize your
responses to each question (except Question 4) under the
following section headings:
· Defining The Public Leader (for Question 1)
· Leadership Theories (for Question 2)
· Leadership Styles (for Question 3)
Write a four to five (4-5) page paper in which you:
1. Determine two (2) leadership theories and two (2) leadership
styles that support the definition of a public leader. Provide a
rationale for your response.
2. Assess the effectiveness of the two (2) leadership theories
from Question 1. Provide two (2) examples for each leadership
theory.
3. Assess the effectiveness of the two (2) leadership styles from
Question 1. Provide two (2) examples for each leadership style.

3. Question 1: Defining the Public Leader
Leadership is defined as the process by which a leader
influences people to aid in the completion of a given task while
a leader is defined as an individual who is able to provide
direction and guidance to people who are willing to follow
(Allan, 2014). A public leader is an individual who can work
beyond the devastating challenges and unpalatable policies that
develop as a result of public demand. Many researchers have
stipulated that for a person to be a public leader, there are
certain intrinsic characteristics which should be developed by
an individual, such as charisma, confidence, intelligence and
social skills (Chemers, 1997). These traits form part of the great
man leadership theory which provides that, human
characteristics were responsible for the identification of great
leaders.
This theory mainly assumes that leadership theories are
intrinsic, and it mainly stipulates that leaders are born and not
made. For a person to be a public leader, the theory provides
that, the individual should possess some intrinsic characteristics
and traits which provide them with exemplary abilities in
tackling certain situations. In the case where a person has been
given responsibility to serve in a public office, individuals
should possess some intrinsic traits skills which enable them to
address problems and challenges experienced by the public.
Contingency theories are another theory which could be used in
the analysis of the traits and suitable characteristics that support
a public leader. Contingency theories argue that there is no
specific way of leading people since every leadership style is
based on situations. This theory provides that, leaders perform
differently in different situations depending on which elements
of leadership influences their increased or decreased level of
performance (Michelle, 2005). This theory mainly provides that
leadership theories are mainly based on situations under which
leaders exercise their authorities. This distinctly provides that,
when an individual is provided with a leadership position, in
which they are supposed to serve the public, leaders’ are likely

4. to develop some characteristics which enable them to express
their leadership styles in which the public is to be responsive
and influential. Being a public leader revolves around being
coordinative and influence over the public.
Leadership styles on the other hand refer to the dimensions in
which a leader could evaluate their control and perception
towards others. As a public leader, there are certain traits that
individuals should possess to influence and coordinate the
activities of the public effectively and efficiently. Being
affiliate is one of the best leadership styles to be possessed by a
public leader. Affiliate leadership style mainly emphasizes on
teamwork and the ability to coordinate and work together
(Miner, 2002). This style allows increased performance and
communication when emphasized in a public setting. A
democratic leadership style is also purported to be best for a
public leader since it encourages the pubic to be part of the
decision-making process. This style facilitates sharing of
responsibility and also enables the leader to provide sufficient
guidance to the public.
Question 2: Leadership Theories.
Leadership theories have been purported to be the primary focus
in psychology for decades in which research and studies have
been conducted to leadership theories which could be used in
providing distinct categories of various leaders (Michelle,
2005). Some of the common leadership theories developed to
analyze the forms of leadership presented by different leaders
include, the great man theory, trait theory, behavioral theories,
contingency theories, transactional theories and
transformational theories.
The Great man theory provides that leaders have intrinsic
characteristics and traits which make them great leaders. These
traits are determined to be inherited through genes, and they are
carried from generation to generation (Allan, 2014). For
example, Mahatma Gandhi, and Martin Luther King are
determined to be natural public leaders as a result of their
inborn capacity and capability to influence the public into

5. exemplary performance and dynamic change. Leadership
qualities and effectiveness are determined to be independent
variables which are not influenced by external factors.
Contingency theory, on the other hand, is dependent on a
leader’s personality and situation under which the leader is
operating. The effectiveness of the contingency theory is
measured with the help of the least preferred co-worker scale
(Michelle, 2005). This scale helps in determining the level of
performance of a leader when placed in different situations. For
example, when a leader is a placed in a public office to handle
and address citizen, a leader may encounter various challenges
which may influence their performance. The task structure and
the position of power may also influence the effectiveness of
this theory. The ability of a public leader to balance the power
bestowed upon them and the citizens needs influences their
level to perform well.
Question 3: Leadership Styles
Leadership styles are purported to be dimensions under which
leaders could quickly evaluate their level of control and
perception towards the subordinates (Allan, 2014). Leadership
styles are mainly dependent on different situations and the level
of approach towards leadership. Some of the most common
leadership styles include autocratic, bureaucratic, democratic,
coaching, affiliate, coercive and authoritative style.
Affiliate leadership style is determined to be creative as a result
of its capacity to create harmony and build emotional bonds
(Michelle, 2005). For example, as a public leader, peace and
harmony are essential for public prosperity. This leadership
style is also determined to be valid as a result of its ability to
resolve conflict and provide reassurance which is greatly
needed by the public.
Democratic leadership, on the other hand, is effective in the
articulation of people’s opinion. For example as a public leader,
he or she should ask for the opinion from people to make people
feel part of the decision-making process. This leadership style

6. forges effectiveness through participation and sense of
responsibility (Miner, 2002). As a public leader, this style
enables the involvement of the public hence building
cooperation and high team spirit. In the case of public, this
style is useful in the development togetherness and team spirit
with the emphasis on participation and involvement of the
public.
References
Allan, M. (2014). Leadership Styles: Guide to Management.
“The Wall Street Journal.
Chemers, M. (1997). An Integrative Theory of Leadership.
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,
Michelle, C. J. (2005). The Psychology of Leadership: New
Perspectives and Research. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Miner, J. (2002). Organizational Behavior: Foundations,
Theories, and Analyses. Oxford: Oxford University Press.