This document provides an overview of key concepts related to corporate information strategy and management, including definitions of basic terms, levels of organizational structure, and management information systems. It discusses the top, middle, and lower levels of organizational management and their roles. It also defines management information systems and describes different types, including transaction processing systems, management information systems, decision support systems, and expert systems. Finally, it outlines levels of management information systems at the corporate, team/division, and individual levels. The document provides foundational information on organizational structure and management information systems.

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AZAN ALI
SUBMITTED TO: SIR SAJJADUL AZIZ | SUBMITTED BY: AZAN ALI
Assignment No.1
CORPORATE INFORMATIONSTRATEGY & MANAGEMENT

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Article I. Table of Contents
Basic concepts of Corporate Information Strategy:.......................................................................... 2
Corporate:................................................................................................................................ 2
Information: ............................................................................................................................. 2
Strategy:...................................................................................................................................2
Management:............................................................................................................................ 2
What is Information Management Strategy? ............................................................................... 2
Organization: ............................................................................................................................... 3
Organization Structure: ............................................................................................................. 3
Levels of Organization:............................................................................................................. 3
Top Level of Management.....................................................................................................4
Middle Level of Management ................................................................................................ 4
Lower Level of Management .................................................................................................5
Hierarchy of an organization...................................................................................................... 6
Management Information System: .................................................................................................6
Types of Management Information System:................................................................................ 7
Transaction processing systems:............................................................................................. 7
Management information system:........................................................................................... 7
Decision Support Systems (DSS)............................................................................................ 7
Expert Systems and Artificial Intelligence............................................................................... 8
Levels of Management Information System:............................................................................... 8
Corporate.............................................................................................................................. 8
Team, division, business unit: ................................................................................................ 8
Individual ............................................................................................................................. 9
Bibliography: .................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Article II.

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Basic concepts of Corporate Information Strategy
The basic concepts related to Corporate Information Strategy & Management are as under
Section 2.01 Corporate
A legal entity that is separate and distinct from its owners. Corporations enjoy most of
the rights and responsibilities that an individual possesses; that is, a corporation has the
right to enter into contracts, loan and borrow money, sue and be sued, hire employees,
own assets and pay taxes.
Section 2.02 Information
Data that is (1) accurate and timely, (2) specific and organized for a purpose, (3)
presented within a context that gives it meaning and relevance, and (4) can lead to an
increase in understanding and decrease in uncertainty.
Section 2.03 Strategy
Strategy is a long term plan of an organization for how it will balance its internals
strengths and weaknesses with external opportunities and threads to maintain its
competitive advantage.
Section 2.04 Management
Management is a process of achieving organization’s goals through planning,
organizing, staffing, leading and controlling by effectively and efficiently utilizing
physical, financial, human and informational resources.
Section 2.05 What is Information Management Strategy?
Each time more organizations reach the conclusion that the information should be
managed as one of the main assets of the company that contributes both to identify
opportunities and to reduce business risks.
Effective and efficient management of such a significant asset demands a Management
Information strategy, through it, an action plan is designed to ensure that the
organization will properly apply the time, money and effort resources that will be
demanded by the initiatives identified as necessary. This way, the information that shall
be used by decision makers will be delivered in the short, medium and long terms, in
order to make the difference in the industry and the markets they provide service
Types of resources used by the organizations:
Physical Resources
 Financial Resources
 Human Resources
 Informational Resources

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Article III. Organization
A social unit of people that is structured and managed to meet a need or to pursue
collective goals. All organizations have a management structure that
determines relationships between the different activities and the members, and
subdivides and assigns roles, responsibilities, and authority to carry out different tasks.
Organizations are open systems--they affect and are affected by their environment.
Section 3.01 Organization Structure
An organizational structure defines how activities such as task allocation, coordination
and supervision are directed towards the achievement of organizational aims. It can also
be considered as the viewing glass or perspective through which individuals see their
organization and its environment.(wikipedia 2015) An example of organizational
structure is given below
Section 3.02 Levels of Organization
There are three levels of an organizations,(web 2015)
 Top level
 Middle level
 Lower level

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Section 3.03 Top Level of Management
It consists of board of directors, chief executive or managing director. The top
management is the ultimate source of authority and it manages goals and policies for
an enterprise. It devotes more time on planning and coordinating functions.
The role of the top management can be summarized as follows
a. Top management lays down the objectives and broad policies of the enterprise.
b. It issues necessary instructions for preparation of department budgets,
procedures, schedules etc.
c. It prepares strategic plans & policies for the enterprise.
d. It appoints the executive for middle level i.e. departmental managers.
e. It controls & coordinates the activities of all the departments.
f. It is also responsible for maintaining a contact with the outside world.
g. It provides guidance and direction.
h. The top management is also responsible towards the shareholders for the
performance of the enterprise.
Section 3.04 Middle Level of Management
The branch managers and departmental managers constitute middle level. They are
responsible to the top management for the functioning of their department. They devote
more time to organizational and directional functions. In small organization, there is
only one layer of middle level of management but in big enterprises, there may be senior
and junior middle level management. Their role can be emphasized as
a. They execute the plans of the organization in accordance with the policies and
directives of the top management.
b. They make plans for the sub-units of the organization.

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c. They participate in employment & training of lower level management.
d. They interpret and explain policies from top level management to lower level.
e. They are responsible for coordinating the activities within the division or
department.
f. It also sends important reports and other important data to top level
management.
g. They evaluate performance of junior managers.
h. They are also responsible for inspiring lower level managers towards better
performance.
Section 3.05 Lower Level of Management
Lower level is also known as supervisory / operative level of management. It consists
of supervisors, foreman, section officers, superintendent etc. According to R.C. Davis,
“Supervisory management refers to those executives whose work has to be largely with
personal oversight and direction of operative employees”. In other words, they are
concerned with direction and controlling function of management. Their activities
include -
a. Assigning of jobs and tasks to various workers.
b. They guide and instruct workers for day to day activities.
c. They are responsible for the quality as well as quantity of production.
d. They are also entrusted with the responsibility of maintaining good relation in
the organization.
e. They communicate workers problems, suggestions, and recommendatory
appeals etc. to the higher level and higher level goals and objectives to the
workers.
f. They help to solve the grievances of the workers.
g. They supervise & guide the sub-ordinates.
h. They are responsible for providing training to the workers.
i. They arrange necessary materials, machines, tools etc. for getting the things
done.
j. They prepare periodical reports about the performance of the workers.
k. They ensure discipline in the enterprise.
l. They motivate workers.
m. They are the image builders of the enterprise because they are in direct contact
with the workers.(2015)

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Section 3.06
 Hierarchy of an organization
Article IV. Management
Information System
Management Information Systems (MIS) is the study of people, technology, organizations and
the relationships among them. MIS professionals help firms realize maximum benefit from
investment in personnel, equipment, and business processes. MIS is a people-oriented field
with an emphasis on service through technology.
A management information system (MIS) is a computer based system that provides the
information necessary to manage an organization effectively. An MIS should be designed to
enhance communication among employees, provide an objective system for recording
information and support the organization’s strategic goals and direction.

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Section 4.01 Types of Management Information System
There are four types of MIS that will be introduced in ascending order of
sophistication.(academia.edu 2015)
Section 4.02 Transaction processing systems
These systems are designed to handle a large volume of routine, recurring transactions.
They were first introduced in the 1960s with the advent of mainframe computers.
Transaction processing systems are used widely today. Bank use them to record
deposits and payments into accounts. Supermarkets use them to record sales and track
inventory. Most managers use these systems to deal with tasks such as payroll, customer
billing and payments to suppliers.
Some examples of TPS are
 Payroll systems
 Order processing system
 Reservation systems
 Stock control systems
 Systems of payments and funds transfers(academia.edu 2015)
Section 4.03 Management information system
For historical reasons, many of the different types of information systems found in
commercial organizations are referred to as “Management Information System”.
However, within our pyramid model, Management information system are
management level systems that are used by middle managers to help ensure the smooth
running of the organization in the short to medium term. The highly structured
information provided by these systems allow managers to evaluate an organization’s
performance by comparing current with previous outputs.
Some examples of MIS
 Sales management systems
 Inventory control systems
 Budgeting systems
 Management Reporting systems (MRS)
 Personnel (HRM) systems(academia.edu 2015)
Section 4.04 Decision Support Systems (DSS)
A DSS is an interactive computer system that can be used by managers without help
from computer specialists. A DSS provides managers with the necessary information
to make intelligent decisions. A DSS has three fundamental components:
 Database management system (DBMS)
Stores large amounts of data relevant to problems the DSS has been designed to tackle.
 Model-based management system (MBMS)
Transforms data from the DBMS into information that is useful in decision making.
 Dialog generation and management system (DGMS)
Provides a user-friendly interface between the system and the managers who do not
have extensive computer training.
Some examples of DSS

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 Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS)
 Computer Supported Co-operative work (CSCW)
 Logistics systems
 Financial Planning systems
 Spreadsheet Models
Section 4.05 Expert Systems and Artificial Intelligence
These systems use human knowledge captured in a computer to solve problems that
ordinarily need human expertise. Mimicking human expertise and intelligence requires
that the computer (1) recognize, formulate and solve a problem; (2) explain solutions
and (3) learn from experience. These systems explain the logic of their advice to the
user; hence, in addition to solving problems they can also serve as a teacher. They use
flexible thinking processes and can accommodate new knowledge.
Some examples of EIS
Executive Information Systems tend to be highly individualized and are often custom
made for a particular client group; however, a number of off-the-shelf EIS packages do
exist and many enterprise level systems offer a customizable EIS module.
Section 4.06 Levels of Management Information System
When developing an information strategy within an organization, it is useful to consider
information needs on three levels:(web 2015)
 Corporate
 Team, division, business unit, etc.
 Individual
The needs of each of these three levels must be met if a coordinated and effective
solution is to be maintained in the long term. Failure to address any one of the levels
will lead to areas of the business or individuals findings their own solution, which may
not fit well within the strategic goals of the organization. These are not new ideas, but
they will be explored in the context of intranets and other corporate information
systems.
 Corporate
At the top is the corporate information that is useful for the whole organization. This
‘global’ information is generally fairly well addressed by the corporate intranet (even
if the intranet itself needs improvement).
Examples of corporate information include policies and procedures, HR information,
online forms, phone directly, etc.
 Team, division, business unit
The middle level is perhaps the most interesting, as it covers all the information shared
within teams, divisions, business units, etc. This information may be critical to the day
to day activities of the group, but of little interest to the rest of the organization.
Example include project documentation, business unit specific content, meeting
minutes etc.

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 Individual
At the lowest level is the personal information needs of staff throughout the
organization.
Examples include correspondence (both internal and external), reports and
spreadsheets.