Ethical Value System Theory
Social Contract Theory
Distributive Justice Theory
Universalism Theory
Professional Codes
Utilitarianism Theory
Culture and Ethics
Cultures and Values
35. It is Works on Moral Philosophy and Social Justice.
The Proper or Equal Distribution is Known as Distributive Justice.
Provides a Moral Guidance to ensure Social Justice and Bring Equalities among Individuals.
It Concerns Equal Access to Wealth. Health, Resources, Rights and Opportunities.
Fulfils the Need of Equality and Fairness; Goods & Services for Everyone.
Opportunities - Healthcare, Sanitation, Education, Clean, Water and Justice etc.
Recognitions - Honour, Job, Promotions and Social Status etc.
Economic Goods - Incomes, Subsides and Property etc..
Principle of Distributive Justice is that Equal Work should Produce Equal Outcomes.
Balanced Empowerment (Economic Empowerment, Political Empowerment, Social Empowerment of Women etc.
Special Preference to the Deprived Sections of Societies or the Communities.
Reservation to SC/ST Communities, Other Backward Classes (OBCs), Transgenders,
Persons with Disability, etc are all based on distributive justice.
36.
37. A. Equality - Allocation of the Resources should be Absolutely Equal Access to Goods, Services
and Opportunities (Water, Education, Justice, Safety and Security).
B. Need - Everyone Should Not Get the Same Share because everyone’s Needs are not the Same.
the allocation of resources Should be based on the Individual Needs and Not On Equality.
(Medical, Reservation and Gender) Where a Sick Child gets More Attention in a Family
C. Merit - Should be based on What an Individual Deserves and
Not on What an Individual Needs. (Rewards, Promotion, Job and Reservations)
D. Contribution - The Resources to be Allocated Should be based on the Contributions they make.
(Wages and Salary; Risk and Return)
E. Power & Responsibility –
The Individuals with More Power are entitled to Receive More Resources, Goods and
Opportunities than those with Lower or No Power.
(Administration, Team Leaders, Management and Sub-Ordinates)
38. Distributive Justice Theory – Examples
1. Public Education : Funded by Taxpayers, Refers to the idea that All Children,
Regardless of their Family’s Wealth or Status.
2. Social Security Programs: Refers to Provide Financial Assistance to the Elderly, Unemployed, or Disabled.
3. Universal Healthcare: Funded by Taxpayers, Refers to the idea that All Groups,
Regardless of their Family’s Wealth or Status.
Offer for Subsidized Healthcare for the Less Privileged Groups.
4. Food Assistance Programs: , Aim to Alleviate Food Insecurity among Vulnerable Populations.
Supplemental Nutrition Food Assistance Program (SNAP) and the World Food Programme.
5. Pay Equality Laws: Pay equality laws are intended to Eliminate Wage Disparities
Based on Gender, Age, Experience and Others.
6. Public Housing: Provide Affordable Homes to Low-Income individuals and Families.
7. Disability Support : It require Parents to Financially support their Children or Ex-Spouses after a Separation or
Divorce and Individuals with Physical or Mental Disabilities.
