9-12 ppt of Acids and Bases. Students will learn that the chemical difference between acids and bases is that acids produce hydrogen ions and bases accept hydrogen ions. A base is a substance that neutralises acids. When bases are added to water, they split to form hydroxide ions, written as OH-. We call a base that has been added to water an alkaline solution. Students will also learn that an acid–base reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base. It can be used to determine pH via titration. Some of the uses of Acids are: Carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ) is present in the aerated cool drinks we drink. Sulphuric Acid (H 2 SO 4 ) is used in car batteries. Sulphuric Acid (H 2 SO 4 ) is also used to manufacture Paints, dyes, synthetic fibres etc. Nitric acids (HNO 3 ) is used in manufacturing of fertilizers. Some of the uses of Bases are: It is used to neutralize the acidity in soils. It is an ingredient in whitewash and mortar. It is a component of the Bordeaux mixture used for protecting agricultural crops from pests. It is used in the preparation of dry mixes for painting and decorating.

1. Acids and Bases
They are everywhere..
In your food
In your house
EVEN IN YOU!!!!!

2. Where do we find Acids and Bases?
• They are compounds...
that are fundamental to the functioning of our world.
We need them!
• They are essential to life.
• They are responsible for many,
many processes in nature.
• They are important in many products and activities of our daily
life.

3. What is an acid?
• An acid is a solution that has an excess of Hydrogen (H+ ions).
• The more H+ ions, the more acidic the solution.

4. Properties of an Acid
• pH that is less than 7
• Tastes Sour
• Conducts Electricity
• Corrosive ; (they break down certain
substances. Many acids can corrode
fabric, skin,and paper).
• Some acids react strongly with metals.
•Turns litmus paper red

5. Common Acids
• Acetic Acid = Vinegar
• Citric Acid = lemons, limes, & oranges. Ascorbic acid =
Vitamin C which your body needs to function.
• Carbonic Acid = found in soft drinks
• H2SO4 -Sulfuric acid is used in the production of
fertilizers, steel, paints, and plastics.
• Car batteries
• HCl – Hydrochloric Acid
• HNO3 – Nitric Acid

6. What is a base? • A base is a solution that has an
excess of OH- ions.
• Another word for base is alkali.
• Conducts Electricity
• pH is greater than 7
• Feels slippery like soap
• Don’t react with metals
• Taste bitter
• Turns litmus paper blue!

7. Uses of Bases
• Bases give soaps, ammonia, and many
other cleaning products
• The OH- ions interact strongly with certain
substances, such as dirt and grease.
• Chalk and oven cleaner are examples of
familiar products that contain bases.
• Your blood is a basic solution.
• NaOH – Sodium Hydroxide
• LiOH – Lithium Hydroxide
• KOH – Potassium Hydroxide

8. The pH Scale
• The strength of an acid or a base is shown by a
pH scale
• The pH scale measures the “potential of
hydrogen”
• We measure pH with an indicator that changes
color
• The scale ranges from 0 to 14
• 7 is neutral
• The further a substance is from 7 the
stronger it is! And the more ions it has!
• less that 7 is an acid
• greater than 7 is a base

10. Neutralization
•Neutralization is the reaction between an acid and a
base. From this reaction water and salt are formed!