Copying process toshiba fyi portal

© TOSHIBA TEC CORPORATION 2012 All Rights Reserved. 1
III . COPYING PROCESS
Main
Menu
In this chapter we will explain about the copying process of the e-STUDIO 456
Series.
Copying process is performed in the
following order:
1. CHARGING
2. DRUM
3. ORIGINAL SCANNING
4. IMAGE PROCESSING
5. LASER WRITING
6. DEVELOPMENT
7. TRANSFER
8. SEPARATION
9. FUSING
10. CLEANING
11. DISCHARGING
12. TONER CARTRIDGE IC CHIP

III. COPYING PROCESS
In the charging process, the surface of
the photoconductive drum is charged
evenly by supplying negative bias to the
needle electrode and the main charger
grid.
The shape of the needle electrode and
charging conditions of the e-
STUDIO206L/256/306 Series and the e-
STUDIO356/456 Series differ.
The power supply terminal of the main
charger for the e-STUDIO206L/256/306
is black, while that for the e-
STUDIO356/456 is gray.
CHARGING Menu
GRID
NEGATIVE BIAS
NEEDLE
ELECTRODE
NEGATIVE BIAS

An OPC drum with a diameter 30 mm is used.
DRUM Menu

In the original scanning process, an original is irradiated with light emitted from
the exposure lamp. Then the light reflected from the original, which corresponds
to the contrast of the original, is directed to the CCD or charge coupled device
sensor through mirrors or lenses.
ORIGINAL SCANNING Menu
LENS
CCD BORD
REFLECTOR
ORIGINALORIGINAL GLASS
CARRIAGE-1
CARRIAGE-2
EXPOSURE LANP

The e-STUDIO is equipped with 3-line color CCDs with R, G and B filters. The
CCDs are arranged in three parallel rows. This makes the e-STUDIO color
capable of color scanning.
ORIGINAL SCANNING Menu

The signals sent from the CCD sensor are sent to image processing.
In image processing, corrections and edits are made to ensure proper image
quality. Finally, the image signals are generated and sent to laser writing.
* The e-STUDIO206L/256/306/356/456 is a monochrome MFP. In order to
output an image, the color image signals are converted into monochrome image
signals in image processing.
LDR
IMAGE PROCESSING Menu
CCD
SLG
SYS

In the laser exposure scanning process, the image
signals sent from the image processing section are
converted into laser beams, to which the surface of
the photoconductive drum is exposed.
The e-STUDIO is equipped with a polygonal mirror
in order to achieve high-speed printing.
In the laser exposure scanning process, the laser
diodes (780 nm) are turned on or off, in response to
the image signals.
LASER WRITING Menu

The electric potential of the area of the
drum surface that is irradiated with the
laser beam gets close to 0 V. On the
other hand, that of the drum surface at
which the laser beam is not directed
remains unchanged.
As a result, an invisible latent image is formed
on the drum surface.
LASER WRITING Menu
GRID
NEGATIVE BIAS
NEEDLE
ELECTRODE
NEGATIVE BIAS
0V

The development process is designed to convert the invisible latent image into a
visible image.
The developer material is supplied onto the surface of the photoconductive drum
using the magnetic roller. The toner contained in the developer material adheres
to the area of the photoconductive drum surface, where an electric potential is
lower than the developer bias applied by the magnetic roller. (This is called the
reversal development method.)
DEVELOPMENT Menu
BIAS VOLTAGE
- VDC

An AC bias is superimposed on the developer bias (DC bias) in order to ensure
stable development characteristics.
0
- Ｖ
BIAS
- V
0
-Ｖ
BIAS
- V + AC V
DEVELOPMENT Menu

The electric potential of the area of the drum surface that was not exposed to
the laser beam is more negative than the developer bias. Therefore, negatively
charged toner does not adhere to the drum.
DEVELOPER
BIAS
LASER
DRUM
POTENTIAL
LASERDRUM
POTENTIAL
DEVELOPER
BIAS
DEVELOPMENT Menu

The auto-toner sensor is
used to detect the amount of
toner contained in the
developer material, in order
to constantly maintain the
proper image density.
The auto-toner sensor is a
magnetic sensor, which is
designed to detect changes
in the amount of toner
contained in the developer
material, as changes in the
magnetic resistance.
AUTO-TONER SENSOR
AUTO-TONER SENSOR Menu

When the auto-
toner sensor
detects that the
toner ratio is low,
the toner motor is
driven to supply
additional toner
from the toner
cartridge.
Thus the toner-
carrier ratio in the
developer material
is maintained at a
consistent level.AUTO-TONER SENSOR
TONER CARTRIDGE.
MG-ROLL
MIXER
TONER RECOVERY AUGER
AUTO-TONER SENSOR Menu

“Transfer” is the process to transfer the toner image (or visible image) formed
on the drum onto paper.
A transfer roller system is introduced in the e-STUDIO in order to ensure high-
definition images. As a result, the amount of ozone emissions can be
minimized.
TRANSFER ROLLER
TRANSFER Menu

In the transfer process, the toner on the drum is transferred onto paper by
applying a high positive voltage to the transfer roller, which is located at the back
of the paper.
The e-STUDIO is designed to prevent the electric charge on the transfer roller
from escaping to the paper transport path via the paper by applying a bias
voltage to the surfaces of the registration roller and the fuser unit pressure roller.
DRUM
TRANSFER
ROLLER
+HIGH-VOLTAGE
MIXER
BIAS
PRESSURE
ROLLER
REGISTRATION
ROLLER
TRANSFER Menu

In the separation process, a negative DC bias is applied to the paper that was
temporarily attracted to the drum due to electrostatic force in the transfer
process. As a result, the paper is separated from the drum.
SEPARATION
NEEDLE
SEPARATION
NEEDLE
-DC BIAS
SEPARATION Menu

In the fusing process, the toner is fused onto the paper by applying the heat
from the heat roller and the pressure from the sponge pressure roller to the
toner on the paper. A thin-walled heat roller is applied to the e-STUDIO for
reducing the warm-up time. The heat roller is heated with the heater lamp
(halogen lamp) in the e-STUDIO.
SEPARATION FINGER
SIDE HEATER LANP
CENTER HEATER LANP
HEATER
ROLLER
PRESSURE ROLLER
FUSING Menu

The 2 heater lamps (halogen lamps) are built in the heat roller. The center
heater lamp heats the central part of the heat roller, and both of its edges are
heated with the side heater lamp. Thus, the entire heat roller is effectively
heated. In e-STUDIO356/456, a sub heater lamp is built in.
SIDE HEATER LANP
CENTER HEATER LANP
HEATER
ROLLER
e-STUDIO355/455
SUB HEATER LAMP
CENTER HEATER LANP
SIDE HEATER LANP
e-STUDIO205/255/305
FUSING Menu

Separation fingers are provided to prevent the paper from clinging to the heat
roller.
SEPARATION FINGER
HEATER
ROLLER
PRESSURE ROLLER
FUSING Menu

"Cleaning" is the process to recover the toner remaining on the photoconductive
drum. The toner remaining on the drum is scraped off with the main blade, and
captured with the recovery blade. The film attached to the toner recovery auger is
provided to prevent residual toner.
RECOVERY BLADE
MAIN BLADE
TONER RECOVERY AUGER POLYMER SHEET
CLEANING Menu

The e-STUDIO features a “zero-waste” toner recycling system. The toner
recycling auger is used to transport recovered toner to the exclusive mixer.
The exclusive mixer is designed to take time to mix the recovered toner. As a
result, the charging characteristics of the recovered toner are stabilized.
MIXER EXCLUSIVELY PROVIDED
FOR THE RECOVERED TONER
TONER RECYCLING AUGER
CLEANING Menu

Finally, the cleaned drum is irradiated with the light emitted from the red LED
array in order to level out the electric charge on the drum. Then the drum is
discharged in order to get ready for the subsequent charging process.
The e-STUDIO206/256/306 is equipped with 10 discharge LEDs, and the e-
STUDIO356/456 with 14 discharge LEDs.
e-STUDIO356/456e-STUDIO206L/256/306
LED ARRAY
10pcs
DRUM
LED ARRAY
14pcs
DRUM
DISCHARGE Menu

The toner cartridge PCB is mounted on the toner cartridge of the e-STUDIO.
TONER CARTRIDGE IC CHIP Menu
CTRG BOARD
TONER CARTRIDGE

The toner cartridge PCB, on which an IC chip is mounted, makes it possible to
detect the presence or absence of the toner cartridge, and check for the amount
of toner remaining.
TONER CARTRIDGE IC CHIP Menu
IC CHIP

III . COPYING PROCESS
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