related to Tsunami 2004 indian ocean

2.  Also called seismic sea wave.
 Generated by an undersea geologic event,
such as a great earthquake, volcanic
explosion, or underwater landslide.
 “Tsunami” in Japanese means “harbor
wave.”
 Tsunamis are not “tidal waves.”

3. PICTURE OF A TSUNAMI

4.  Caused by 9.0 earthquake beneath Java Trench,
west of Sumatra, Indonesia
 Fourth largest earthquake since 1900
 1000 km of fault ruptured and sea floor moved
upward by about 5 m (16 ft)
 Occurred at 00:58:50 (UTC), at 6:58 a.m. Local time,
on Sunday, 26 December 2004.
Sumatra
Java Trench

5. At Sumatra, the Indian
plate was subducted
beneath the overriding
Burma plate. The Indian
plate begins its decent
into the mantle at the
Sundra trench (west of
the epicenter). The
relative motion of the
two plates has been
6cm/yr.

6. June 23, 2004

7. Dec 28, 2004

8.  Tsunami Warning Systems do exist but
unfortunately, there was no such system in
place among the nations around the Indian
Ocean.
 Within 15 minutes of the mega quake,
officials from the PTWC were calling nations
in danger to warn them.
 The information was slow to get to the
locations in greatest risk.
 And that was the reason for its occurrence.

9. • Deaths: >210,000
– Indonesia: 166,000
– Thailand: 5,000
– Sri Lanka: 30,000
– India: 10,000
• Damage: >$7 billion
– Indonesia: $4.4 billion
– India: $1.5 billion
– Sri Lanka: $900 million
• Aid Donations: >$6.5 billion
– Government pledges: $5.3 billion
– Private donors: $1–2 billion

11.  A Cyclone is an area of closed, circular fluid
motion rotating in the same direction as
the Earth.
 This is usually characterized by inward
spiraling winds that rotate anti-clockwise in
the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in
the Southern Hemisphere of the Earth.
 Most large-scale cyclonic circulations are
centered on areas of low atmospheric
pressure.

12. PICTURE OF A CYCLONE

13.  Formed: October 4, 2013
 Dissipated: October 14, 2013
 Highest winds: 3-minute sustained:215 km/h
(130 mph)
1-minute sustained:260 km/h (160 mph)
 Lowest pressure: 940 mbar (hPa); 27.76 inHg
(Estimated at 918 hPa (27.11 inHg) by the
JTWC)
 Fatalities: 45 totalDamage$696 million
(2013 USD)
 Areas affected: Thailand, Myanmar, India

14.  The mass evacuation of about half a million
people from the eastern Indian states of Odisha
and Andhra Pradesh ahead of Cyclone Phailin has
been credited with the relatively low death toll
from one of the worst storms to hit the country
in more than a dozen years.
 Phailin, which made landfall on Saturday, packed
winds of up to 135 miles per hour, and of the 15
casualties reported by Reuters, most died from
falling trees while one was buried after a mud
hut collapsed on her. In contrast, about 10,000
people were killed in the last cyclone of this size
to hit Odisha, in 1999, Reuters reported.

15.  This time, however, authorities were
prepared and managed to evacuate about
500,000 people from the two coastal states,
news reports said, adding that the displaced
evacuees took refuge in shelters, schools and
temples on higher ground.
 "This is one of the largest evacuations
undertaken in India," said Shashidhar Reddy,
vice-chairman of the National Disaster
Management Authority, the Guardian
reported.

17. 2004 INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI
CYCLONE PHAILIN
CYCLONE PHAILIN