This document discusses trends in educational research, both conventional and contemporary. It explores traditional research methods like surveys, experiments, and case studies as well as newer approaches like ethnography and action research. The document also outlines benefits of qualitative research methods in generating rich data and contextualizing findings, as well as benefits of mixed methods research in providing a comprehensive understanding. Additionally, it discusses innovative research technologies like machine learning, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence and how they can enhance data analysis and collection. The document concludes by predicting future trends like improving accessibility of research, emerging online learning models, and growing cross-disciplinary collaboration.
Explore the ever-evolving research landscape, uncovering emerging trends, technological impact, ethical considerations, and successful methodologies guiding the future of research.
Short presentation given at the 'Building Open Science and Scholarship in SoLAR' workshop at LAK22, in March 2022. It touches on aspects of open scholarship including open access, open peer review, open thinking, open research teams, open research methods and an open research environment.
The purpose of research is explanatory, descriptive and exploratory. Hence, the study should seek to appraise its information within the larger body of research. Researches must always be innovative and also of soaring quality in order to produce knowledge that is relevant and applicatory. The result of the research should be used for policy and project execution.
Explore the ever-evolving research landscape, uncovering emerging trends, technological impact, ethical considerations, and successful methodologies guiding the future of research.
Short presentation given at the 'Building Open Science and Scholarship in SoLAR' workshop at LAK22, in March 2022. It touches on aspects of open scholarship including open access, open peer review, open thinking, open research teams, open research methods and an open research environment.
The purpose of research is explanatory, descriptive and exploratory. Hence, the study should seek to appraise its information within the larger body of research. Researches must always be innovative and also of soaring quality in order to produce knowledge that is relevant and applicatory. The result of the research should be used for policy and project execution.
Mixed Methods Research: A Critical ReadingNicole Crozier
Â
An exploration of the impact on the research, researcher, researcher and reader if a quantitative study were to have been done using a mixed methods approach instead.
A presentation created for EDCI 515
Qualitative research is concerned with feelings, ideas, or experiences. Finding insights that can result in testable hypotheses is the main goal of the data collection, which is frequently done in narrative form. During the exploratory phases of a study, educators use qualitative research to find patterns or fresh perspectives. A methodology called qualitative research is created to gather non-numerical data to produce insights. It is not statistical and is either semi-structured or unstructured. It is predicated on data gathered using a research methodology that provides an answer to the why. This article discussed the approaches to qualitative research, qualitative data collection methods, advantages and disadvantages of qualitative research and tools for analyzing qualitative data
Research Methodolgy & Intellectual Property Rights Series 1T.D. Shashikala
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This PPT is prepared for VTU-Karnataka, Mtech/PhD syllabus based on C.R. Kothari, Gaurav Garg, Research Methodology: method and Techniques, New age International, 4th Edition,2018
ACTIVITY 1
Chosen Research Design: Qualitative
Why do you think this design is appropriate to your research interest?
Based on my understanding of qualitative research, I believe it can be appropriate for certain types of research questions. In my view, qualitative research is particularly useful for exploring complex phenomena, gaining insights into people's experiences and perspectives, and developing theory. I also recognize that it can be valuable in applied settings, such as healthcare or social work, where understanding people's experiences is crucial for improving practice.
Guide Questions
1. Did you remember the research design listed in the table?
YES, I have remembered all the research design listed in the table.
2. What other research designs did you recall which is/ are not listed in the table?
Longitudinal Study
Cross-sectional Study
Survey Research
Action Research
Participatory Action Research
Grounded Theory
Ethnographic Research
3. Was it easy or hard to determine the research design to be used in your selected topic or interest?
For me, it is easy because in the first place I already have an idea where to start. I believe when you select a topic, you already considered what design you will use.
4. What are the factors that you consider in selecting a research design for your study?
As a researcher, I must consider various factors when selecting a qualitative research design for my study. These include the research question, the purpose of the study, the nature of the phenomenon being studied, and the available resources and time frame. Additionally, I must reflect on my own philosophical and theoretical perspectives to ensure that the chosen design aligns with my worldview and research goals.
Reflection
How does research design make your study colorful/ interesting?
As a researcher, I have come to appreciate how qualitative research design can add color and interest to a study. By using methods such as open-ended interviews, observations, and document analysis, I can capture the rich and complex experiences, perspectives, and contexts of the participants. This type of research allows me to delve deeper into the phenomenon being studied and gain a more nuanced understanding of it.
One of the benefits of using qualitative research is the ability to create vivid descriptions, quotes, and narratives that add depth and meaning to the study. It's fascinating to see how the data can come to life and offer a unique perspective on the topic. Additionally, I've found that unexpected findings often emerge during qualitative research, which can add to the intrigue and interest of the study.
Overall, I believe that qualitative research design offers a powerful way to explore the intricacies and nuances of human experience. It enables me to create a study that is more compelling and engaging, as well as provides insights that cannot be obtained through other research methods.
ACTIVITY 2: TELL ME THE QUANTITY
Directions: Read the qu
Designing and Planning a Research.pptxDrHafizKosar
Â
Research:
Research is a process of steps used to collect and analyze information to increase our understanding of a topic or issue. At a general level, research consists of three steps:
1. Pose a question.
2. Collect data to answer the question.
3. Present an answer to the question.
Salient Feature of Quantitative Research
Quantitative research is a methodological approach used in the social sciences and other fields to collect, analyze, and interpret numerical data. Here are some salient features of quantitative research:
1. Objective and Empirical: Quantitative research is focused on gathering objective, measurable data that can be analyzed statistically. It relies on empirical evidence rather than subjective opinions or interpretations.
2. Numerical Data: This research method involves the collection of numerical data, often in the form of statistics, percentages, or numerical measurements. The data can be subjected to statistical analysis for patterns and trends.
3. Structured Research Design: Quantitative studies typically have a structured and predetermined research design. The research process is planned in advance, and the data collection instruments, such as surveys or experiments, are carefully designed.
4. Large Sample Size: Quantitative research often requires a large sample size to ensure statistical reliability and generalizability of findings to a broader population. The goal is to make inferences about the population based on the data collected from the sample.
5. Statistical Analysis: Statistical methods and techniques, such as descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and correlation analysis, are commonly used in quantitative research. These analyses help researchers draw conclusions and make predictions about the population under study.
6. Replicable and Generalizable Results: The aim of quantitative research is to produce results that are replicable and can be generalized to a larger population. This contributes to the scientific rigor and validity of the findings.
7. Closed-Ended Questions: Data collection instruments, such as surveys or questionnaires, often use closed-ended questions with predefined response options. This facilitates the quantification of responses and simplifies the analysis process.
8. Controlled Environment: In experimental quantitative research, efforts are made to control and manipulate variables to isolate cause-and-effect relationships. This allows researchers to make more precise statements about the impact of independent variables on dependent variables.
9. Objective Measurement: Quantitative research relies on objective measurements and standardized data collection methods to ensure consistency and reduce bias in the data.
10. Cross-Sectional or Longitudinal Design: Quantitative studies can be cross-sectional, examining data at a single point in time, or longitudinal, collecting data over an extended period to observe changes and trends over time.
ī§ Itâs based on descriptive data that does not make (regular) use of statistical procedures.
ī§ Study things in their natural settings, attempting to make sense of, or interpret, phenomena in terms of the meanings people bring to them and associated with the quality of a thing or phenomenon, such as feel, taste, expertise, image, leadership, reputation.
â Qualitative aspects are abstract; they either do not require measurement or cannot be measured.
Characteristics of Qualitative Research
ī§ Rich description
ī§ Research questions
ī§ Few participants
ī§ Natural and holistic representation
ī§ Ernie perspectives
ī§ Cyclical and open-ended processes
ī§ Possible ideological orientations
6.2. GATHERING QUALITATIVE DATA
ī§ Ethnographies
ī§ Interviews
ī§ Diaries/journals
ī§ Case studies
ī§ Observational techniques
6.2.1. Ethnographies: Focuses on the group rather than on the individual, stresses the importance of situating the study within the larger sociocultural context
Online resources and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have revolutionized the research process. They provide access to vast amounts of information, enable collaboration, and facilitate the dissemination of research findings. In this presentation, we will explore a variety of websites and tools that can aid researchers in their quest for knowledge.
ICT related research topics in educationRomaSmart1
Â
Explore the exciting world of ICT research in education. Discover the importance of technology in learning and the growing need for research in this area.
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Mixed Methods Research: A Critical ReadingNicole Crozier
Â
An exploration of the impact on the research, researcher, researcher and reader if a quantitative study were to have been done using a mixed methods approach instead.
A presentation created for EDCI 515
Qualitative research is concerned with feelings, ideas, or experiences. Finding insights that can result in testable hypotheses is the main goal of the data collection, which is frequently done in narrative form. During the exploratory phases of a study, educators use qualitative research to find patterns or fresh perspectives. A methodology called qualitative research is created to gather non-numerical data to produce insights. It is not statistical and is either semi-structured or unstructured. It is predicated on data gathered using a research methodology that provides an answer to the why. This article discussed the approaches to qualitative research, qualitative data collection methods, advantages and disadvantages of qualitative research and tools for analyzing qualitative data
Research Methodolgy & Intellectual Property Rights Series 1T.D. Shashikala
Â
This PPT is prepared for VTU-Karnataka, Mtech/PhD syllabus based on C.R. Kothari, Gaurav Garg, Research Methodology: method and Techniques, New age International, 4th Edition,2018
ACTIVITY 1
Chosen Research Design: Qualitative
Why do you think this design is appropriate to your research interest?
Based on my understanding of qualitative research, I believe it can be appropriate for certain types of research questions. In my view, qualitative research is particularly useful for exploring complex phenomena, gaining insights into people's experiences and perspectives, and developing theory. I also recognize that it can be valuable in applied settings, such as healthcare or social work, where understanding people's experiences is crucial for improving practice.
Guide Questions
1. Did you remember the research design listed in the table?
YES, I have remembered all the research design listed in the table.
2. What other research designs did you recall which is/ are not listed in the table?
Longitudinal Study
Cross-sectional Study
Survey Research
Action Research
Participatory Action Research
Grounded Theory
Ethnographic Research
3. Was it easy or hard to determine the research design to be used in your selected topic or interest?
For me, it is easy because in the first place I already have an idea where to start. I believe when you select a topic, you already considered what design you will use.
4. What are the factors that you consider in selecting a research design for your study?
As a researcher, I must consider various factors when selecting a qualitative research design for my study. These include the research question, the purpose of the study, the nature of the phenomenon being studied, and the available resources and time frame. Additionally, I must reflect on my own philosophical and theoretical perspectives to ensure that the chosen design aligns with my worldview and research goals.
Reflection
How does research design make your study colorful/ interesting?
As a researcher, I have come to appreciate how qualitative research design can add color and interest to a study. By using methods such as open-ended interviews, observations, and document analysis, I can capture the rich and complex experiences, perspectives, and contexts of the participants. This type of research allows me to delve deeper into the phenomenon being studied and gain a more nuanced understanding of it.
One of the benefits of using qualitative research is the ability to create vivid descriptions, quotes, and narratives that add depth and meaning to the study. It's fascinating to see how the data can come to life and offer a unique perspective on the topic. Additionally, I've found that unexpected findings often emerge during qualitative research, which can add to the intrigue and interest of the study.
Overall, I believe that qualitative research design offers a powerful way to explore the intricacies and nuances of human experience. It enables me to create a study that is more compelling and engaging, as well as provides insights that cannot be obtained through other research methods.
ACTIVITY 2: TELL ME THE QUANTITY
Directions: Read the qu
Designing and Planning a Research.pptxDrHafizKosar
Â
Research:
Research is a process of steps used to collect and analyze information to increase our understanding of a topic or issue. At a general level, research consists of three steps:
1. Pose a question.
2. Collect data to answer the question.
3. Present an answer to the question.
Salient Feature of Quantitative Research
Quantitative research is a methodological approach used in the social sciences and other fields to collect, analyze, and interpret numerical data. Here are some salient features of quantitative research:
1. Objective and Empirical: Quantitative research is focused on gathering objective, measurable data that can be analyzed statistically. It relies on empirical evidence rather than subjective opinions or interpretations.
2. Numerical Data: This research method involves the collection of numerical data, often in the form of statistics, percentages, or numerical measurements. The data can be subjected to statistical analysis for patterns and trends.
3. Structured Research Design: Quantitative studies typically have a structured and predetermined research design. The research process is planned in advance, and the data collection instruments, such as surveys or experiments, are carefully designed.
4. Large Sample Size: Quantitative research often requires a large sample size to ensure statistical reliability and generalizability of findings to a broader population. The goal is to make inferences about the population based on the data collected from the sample.
5. Statistical Analysis: Statistical methods and techniques, such as descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and correlation analysis, are commonly used in quantitative research. These analyses help researchers draw conclusions and make predictions about the population under study.
6. Replicable and Generalizable Results: The aim of quantitative research is to produce results that are replicable and can be generalized to a larger population. This contributes to the scientific rigor and validity of the findings.
7. Closed-Ended Questions: Data collection instruments, such as surveys or questionnaires, often use closed-ended questions with predefined response options. This facilitates the quantification of responses and simplifies the analysis process.
8. Controlled Environment: In experimental quantitative research, efforts are made to control and manipulate variables to isolate cause-and-effect relationships. This allows researchers to make more precise statements about the impact of independent variables on dependent variables.
9. Objective Measurement: Quantitative research relies on objective measurements and standardized data collection methods to ensure consistency and reduce bias in the data.
10. Cross-Sectional or Longitudinal Design: Quantitative studies can be cross-sectional, examining data at a single point in time, or longitudinal, collecting data over an extended period to observe changes and trends over time.
ī§ Itâs based on descriptive data that does not make (regular) use of statistical procedures.
ī§ Study things in their natural settings, attempting to make sense of, or interpret, phenomena in terms of the meanings people bring to them and associated with the quality of a thing or phenomenon, such as feel, taste, expertise, image, leadership, reputation.
â Qualitative aspects are abstract; they either do not require measurement or cannot be measured.
Characteristics of Qualitative Research
ī§ Rich description
ī§ Research questions
ī§ Few participants
ī§ Natural and holistic representation
ī§ Ernie perspectives
ī§ Cyclical and open-ended processes
ī§ Possible ideological orientations
6.2. GATHERING QUALITATIVE DATA
ī§ Ethnographies
ī§ Interviews
ī§ Diaries/journals
ī§ Case studies
ī§ Observational techniques
6.2.1. Ethnographies: Focuses on the group rather than on the individual, stresses the importance of situating the study within the larger sociocultural context
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1. Conventional and Contemporary
Trends in Educational Research
Educational research is constantly
evolving. In this presentation, we will
explore both traditional and innovative
approaches to educational research.
by Dr. Roma Smart Joseph
Professor, Dept. of B.Ed. Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow (UP)
romasmart17@gmail.com
2. Importance of Educational Research
1 Validation of Teaching
Strategies
Educational research
validates the most
effective teaching
strategies that we can
use in the classroom.
2 Continued Improvement
It helps in continued
improvement of
educational programs
for the benefit of
learners.
3 Enhanced Decision Making
Educational research enables decision-making for
policies, programs, and funding allocation in
education.
3. Conventional Trends in Educational Research
Traditional Methods
1. Survey Research
2. Experimental Research
3. Observational Research
4. Case Study Research
5. Historical Research
6. Correlational Research
7. Longitudinal Research
Research Designs
1. Experimental Design
2. Quasi-Experimental Design
3. Survey Research Design
4. Observational Design
5. Case Study Design
6. Longitudinal Design
7. Cross-Sectional Design
8. Correlational Design
9. Mixed-Methods Design
10. Historical Design
11. Action Research Design
12. Ethnographic Design
13. Content Analysis Design
14. Comparative Design
Data Collection Methods
Surveys
Questionnaires
Observations
4. Contemporary Trends in Educational Research
1 Emerging Methodologies
Ethnography
Action research.
2
Innovative Research Tools
Virtual reality
Machine learning. 3 Impact on Practices
Impact of these emerging
trends on educational practices
and policies.
5. Benefits of Qualitative Research
Rich Data
Qualitative research methods can
generate in-depth information about
participants' perspectives and
experiences.
Flexible
The flexibility of these research
methods allows researchers to
explore topics in-depth, generating
new themes and perspectives.
Contextualization
Qualitative research allows
researchers to contextualize the
findings within broader social and
cultural contexts.
Interpretation
Researchers can more readily reach
a deep understanding of meaning
within small-n research contexts
through qualitative methods.
6. Benefits of Mixed Methods Research
Comprehensive Mixed methods research combines
the strengths of qualitative and
quantitative research methods,
allowing for a comprehensive
understanding of a research question
that can answer 'what' and 'why'
questions.
Validation Findings from one method can be
used to validate the findings from
another method.
Limitations The limitations of one method can be
overcome by using another method in
combination.
7. Innovative Research Technologies
Data Analysis
Innovative tools
such as machine
learning and natural
language processing
can provide deep,
rich insights into
research data.
Virtual Reality
Virtual Reality can
allow researchers to
simulate real-world
situations for the
evaluation of
practices and
interventions.
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence
can automate data
collection and
analysis for
researchers,
expediting the
process.
8. Future Trends in Educational Research
1 Improving Accessibility
New technologies to enhance
inclusivity in educational research
and to make them more accessible to
a larger population of researchers.
2
Online Learning
The emergence of online learning
and hybrid modes of delivery may
necessitate new research
methodologies. 3 Growing Cross-disciplinary Research
As the lines between disciplines blur
and there is a growing
acknowledgment of the
interconnectedness of various fields,
cross-disciplinary research may
become more popular in the future.
Conventional and Contemporary Trends in Educational Research refers to different ways that people study and learn about education. Let me break it down for you:
1. **Conventional Trends**: These are the traditional or older methods that have been used for a long time in educational research. They might include things like surveys, tests, and observations in classrooms. Think of them as the older, more established ways of studying education.
2. **Contemporary Trends**: These are the newer and more modern ways of doing research in education. They often involve technology and innovative approaches. For example, using computers to analyze data from online learning platforms or studying how virtual reality can enhance education. These trends are more up-to-date with the current times.
So, when we talk about "Conventional and Contemporary Trends in Educational Research," we're looking at the contrast between the old, well-established methods and the newer, more innovative ways of studying how people learn and teach. It's like comparing the tools your grandparents used for homework to the tools you use today, like computers and the internet.
Researchers use surveys to collect data from students, teachers, parents, or other stakeholders in education. These tools can help gather information about attitudes, opinions, and experiences.
Example: Assessing Student Satisfaction with Online Learning
Purpose: A researcher wants to understand student satisfaction with online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey Design: The researcher creates a survey with questions that ask students to rate their satisfaction with various aspects of online learning, such as the quality of online lectures, ease of accessing course materials, and the effectiveness of online communication with instructors and peers.
Sampling: The researcher selects a sample of students from different schools or universities who have experienced online learning during the pandemic. The sample should be representative of the larger student population.
Data Collection: The survey is distributed to the selected students through email or an online platform. Participants are asked to complete the survey by providing ratings on a scale (e.g., from 1 to 5) or by selecting options that best describe their experiences.
Data Analysis: After collecting responses, the researcher uses statistical analysis to summarize the data. They might calculate averages, percentages, or correlations to understand trends and patterns in student satisfaction.
Findings: Based on the analysis, the researcher might find that a majority of students are moderately satisfied with online learning, but they have concerns about limited interaction with instructors and classmates. Some students may express frustration with technical issues.
Implications: The findings can inform educational institutions about areas for improvement in their online learning programs. For example, the institution might invest in better communication tools or offer additional support for students struggling with technology.
Experimental Studies: In experimental research, researchers manipulate variables and compare groups to determine cause-and-effect relationships. For example, studying how a particular teaching method affects student learning outcomes.