This document discusses conventional and unconventional reservoirs. Conventional reservoirs contain oil and gas that can be extracted using standard methods, while unconventional reservoirs require specialized technologies like hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling. The document outlines the properties of reservoir rocks, including porosity and permeability, and provides examples of conventional reservoirs. It also explains how unconventional reservoirs differ and some methods used to extract oil from these reservoirs, such as hydraulic fracturing, steam injection, and enhanced oil recovery.

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Student name ; Rozhan saed
Chnur Osman , Zahra sami
Teacher name ; MR Ali kamal
Date ; 7/4.2023
Conventional and
un conventional reservoir

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Table content
• Introduction
• Properties reservoir rock
• Example conventional ,un conventional
reservoir
• Difference between conventional,
• un conventional
• How is oil being extracted unconventional
reservoir?
• Reference
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Introduction :
Conventional oil or gas ;
comes from formations that are "normal" or straightforward to extract product from. Extracting fossil
fuels from these geological formations can be done with standard methods that can be used to
economically remove the fuel from the deposit.
Conventional resources tend to be easier and less expensive to produce simply because they require no
specialized technologies and can utilize common methods.[1] Because of this simplicity and relative
cheapness,
conventional oil and gas are generally some of the first targets of industry activity.
Unconventional oil or gas ;
are being utilized more and more as decades of oil and natural gas production have resulted in
extensive use of conventional resources. Because of this, new technologies are constantly being
introduced that allows for the more economic extraction of non-traditional oil and gas that may have
been previously impossible to obtain.
Development of these unconventional resources has significant economic potential as a large portion of
oil and gas resources is estimated to exist in unconventional deposits
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4. Properties reservoir rock
A reservoir rock is a subsurface volume of rock that has sufficient porosity and
permeability to permit the migration and accumulation of petroleum under
adequate trap conditions. Porosity is a measure in percentage of pore volume or
size of holes or vugs per unit volume of rock. For example, a well-sorted sand
in a 300 ml container will hold about 100 ml of water in its pore space, or a
porosity of 33%. If petroleum is present, it can also occupy this pore space.
During burial of this sand, compaction reduces this porosity substantially to
where only a small percentage of porosity is left.
Permeability is a measure of the connectivity of pores in the subsurface. The
sand in the container has narrow pore throats between the large pores that
allows fluid to pass from one pore to another. Permeability is measured in milli
darcies
(md) or Darcy (1000 md) of these narrow throats. Commonly, permeability in
the range of 100 to 500 md are reasonable values for a petroleum reservoir rock.

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Example conventional ,un conventional reservoir
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Difference between conventional,
un conventional
.
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• Hydraulic fracturing
• Horizontal drilling
• Pumping system production
• Enhanced oil recovery
• Steam injection
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How is oil being extracted unconventional reservoir?
» .

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E O R AND HYDROLIC FRACTURING
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CO 2 Injection and Steam injection

10. Reference ;
+
• https://books.google.iq/books?id=c1K3EAAAQBAJ&pg=PA154&dq=pumping+for+unconvent
ional+reservoirs&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved
=2ahUKEwiSlLK34Jf-AhUEUaQEHYtLDcQQ6AF6BAgDEAM
• https://books.google.iq/books?id=LZSODwAAQBAJ&pg=PA202&dq=pumping+for+unconve
ntional+reservoirs&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ve
d=2ahUKEwiSlLK34Jf-AhUEUaQEHYtLDcQQ6AF6BAgEEAM
• https://books.google.com/books?id=yr41DwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=pumping+for+
unconventional+reservoirs&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&s
a=X&ved=2ahUKEwiSlLK34Jf-AhUEUaQEHYtLDcQQ6AF6BAgLEAM

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