The document discusses Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, which posits that intelligence is comprised of different specific abilities rather than a single general ability. It describes eight types of intelligence: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist. People with different intelligences may be drawn to different careers. The document also notes that both heredity and environment contribute to shaping a person's intelligence through the genes inherited from parents and life experiences.

1. SELF

2. SELF
• Is made as of many self-perceptions, abilities and
personality. It is also called as Self-concept refers
to how people see or describe themselves.

3. TWO DOMAIN OF SELF CONCEPT
1. Positive self concept
2. Negative self concept

4. TWO KINDS OF SELVES.
1. Real self
2. Ideal self

5. DISCREPANCY IN SELF CONCEPT
• Means on how you do the real self and ideal self.

6. THE SELF -ESTEEM
* P E R S O N A L I T Y A N D S O C I A L D E V E L O P M E N T
R E F E R T O H O W A P E R S O N ’ S S E N S E O F S E L F O R
S E L F - I D E N T I T Y, R E L AT I O N S H I P W I T H O T H E R S ,
A N D S K I L L S N E C E S S A R Y F O R S O C I A L
I N T E R A C T I O N S E V O LV E . P E R S O N A L O R S E L F -
I D E N T I T Y E X P L A I N S H O W P E O P L E D E S C R I B E
T H E M S E LV E S I N T E R M S O F VA L U E S , G O A L S ,
T R A I T S , A N D P E R C E P T I O N S U N I Q U E T O T H E M . I T
I S C L O S E LY R E L AT E D T O S E L F - E S T E E M O R H O W
M U C H P E O P L E VA L U E T H E M S E LV E S A N D T H E I R
W O R T H A S A P E R S O N .
.

7. • *Self-esteem is the level of importance attributed to oneself and one’s
abilities. One may put a high value or low value on his/her worth as a
person. In many ways, self-esteem relates to a person’s attractiveness and
social competence. It is likewise associated with important positive or
negative outcomes.

8. SELF-ACTUALIZATION
• *Humans possess an inner drive to grow, improve, and use their potential to the fullest (Plotnik, 2014).
The final stage in completed growth is known as self-actualization or self-fulfillment, a major tenet in
humanistic psychology. According to Abraham Maslow (1943), a self-actualizing peron has reached the
highest level or peak of his/her personal development and has fully realized his/her potential as a human
being. The self-fulfilled person is generally happy, generous with his/her time and effort to help others, and
strives for the common good for his/her family, community, country, and even humanity.

9. 5 MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF
NEEDS
*SELF-ACTUALIZATION – Morality, creativity, spontaneity, acceptance, experience purpose, meaning, and
inner potential.
*SELF-ESTEEM – Confidence, achievement, respect from others, and the need to be a unique individual.
*LOVE&BELONGING – Friendship, family, intimacy, and sense of connection.
*SAFETY&SECURITY – Health and employment, property, family, and social stability.
*PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS – Breathing, food, water, shelter, clothing and sleep.

10. SUMMARY
• *The module defined and differentiated the various concepts related to the self: self-concept, self-image,
real self, ideal self, self-esteem, and self actualization. Discussions about these concepts pointed to the
importance of individuals having a positive image and concept about themselves, because in many ways,
their self-concept might explain their behavior. The module also emphasized the importance of self-
esteem which is the kind and the amount of value and worth attributed to oneself. Maslow’s hierarchy of
needs posited that self-actualization is the goal of every human being. To achieve this, needs at every
level have to be satisfied first. The characteristics and behavior of people who are self-actualized were
also described and clarified.

11. GARDNER’S THEORY OF MULTIPLE
INTELLIGENCES

12. IN AN EARLIER MODULE, IT WAS MENTIONED
THAT GENERAL MENTAL OR COGNITIVE
ABILITIES CONTRIBUTE
TO THE KIND OF PERSON ONE IS END ONE
CAN BE. CHARLES SPEARMAN (1904)
BELIEVE THAT INTELLIGENCE CONSISTS OF A
GENERAL MENTAL ABILITY OR INTELLIGENCE
QUOTES (IQ ALSO CALLED G FACTOR) AND
DOMAIN-SPECIFIC ABILITIES. IQ IS A
STANDARDIZED MEASURED THAT REPRESENT
A PERSON’S REASONING SKILLS.

13. It has been accepted in the psychological
community that intelligence is not necessary a
single and generalized characteristic, but is
comprised od different specific traits. Thus
researchers have attempted to identify and
measure further the different components of
intelligence.

14. V E R B A L - L I N G U I S T I C
I N T E L L I G E N C E
It is characterized by the ability
to think in words and language
to express meaning. Usually
people with this kind of
intelligence have occupation as
authors, journalists, speakers,
or poets.

15. L O G I C A L - M A T H E M A T I C A L
I N T E L L I G E N C E
It refers to the ability to carry our
mathematical operations; the ability to
handle long chains of reasoning and the
sensitivity and capacity to discern logical
or numeral patterns. Most people with this
skill become scientists, engineers,
accountants, or mathematical.

16. SPATIAL-USUAL
INTELLIGENCE
It implies the ability to think in image,
pictures, or three -dimensional figures,
as well as the capacity to perceive the
visual-spatial world accurately and
perform transformations on one’s initial
perceptions. People with this skill often
works as architects, artist,
sailors/navigators, or sculptors.

17. BODILY-KINESTHETI
INTELLIGENCE
It is the ability to be physical adept
at manipulating objects, controlling,
one’s bodily movements , and
handling objects skillfully. Most
people with this type of intelligence
include surgeons crafts people,
artisans, dancers, or athletes.

18. MUSICAL-RHYTHMIC
INTELLIGENCE
It refers to the sensitivity to pitch,
melody, rhythm, and tone; the ability to
produce and appreciate rhythm, pitch,
and timbre; and the appreciation of the
forms of musical expressiveness.
People with musical intelligence usually
end up as composers, musicians, or
sensitive listeners.

19. INTERPERSONAL
INTELLIGENCES
It refers to the ability to understand and
interact affectively with others, as well
as the capacity to discern and respond
appropriately to the moods,
temperaments, motivations, and desires
of others. People with this type of
intelligence often work as teachers or
mental health professionals.

20. INTRAPERSONAL
INTELLIGENCE
I t i s c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y t h e a b i l i t y t o
u n d e r s t a n d o n e s e l f ; t h e k n o w l e d g e o f o n e ’s
o w n s t r e n g t h s , w e a k n e s s e s , d e s i r e s , a n d
i n t e l l i g e n c e s a s w e l l a s t h e u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f
o n e ’s o w n f e e l i n g s a n d t h e a b i l i t y t o
D I S C R I M I N AT E A M O N G T H E M a n d d r a w u p o n
t h e m t o g u i d e b e h a v i o r. P e o p l e w i t h t h i s
i n t e l l i g e n c e s e v e n t u a l l y b e c o m e t h e o l o g i a n s ,
p s y c h o l o g i s t s , o r p e r s o n s w i t h d e t a i l e d a n d
a c c u r a t e s e l f - c o n c e p t s .

21. NATURALIST
INTELLIGENCE
I t i s d e s c r i b e a s t h e a b i l i t y t o o b s e r v e
p a t t e r n s i n n a t u r e a n d u n d e r s t a n d n a t u r a l
a n d h u m a n m a d e s y s t e m s ; s e n s i t i v i t y t o t h e
d i f f e r e n c e s a m o n g d i v e r s s p e c i e s ; a n d
a b i l i t y t o i n t e r a c t s u b t l y w i t h l i v i n g
c r e a t u r e . M o s t o f t e n , p e o p l e w i t h n a t u r a l i s t
i n t e l l i g e n c e w o r k a s f a r m e r s b o t a n i s t s
e c o l o g i s t l a n d s c a p e r s , o r e n v i r o n m e n t a l i s t s .

22. C O N T R I B U T O R S T O
I N T E L L I G E N C E
* Tw o f a c t o r s , h e r e d i t y a n d t h e e n v i r o n m e n t ,
c o n t r i b u t e t o i n t e l l i g e n c e a n d p e r s o n a l i t y. H e r e d i t y
r e f e r s t o t h e g e n e s o n e i n h e r i t s f r o m h i s / h e r
p a r e n t s , w h i c h p r o v i d e t h e u p p e r a n d l o w e r l i m i t s
o f h i s / h e r i n t e l l i g e n c e q u o t i e n t . T h i s i s t h e r a w
b i o l o g i c a l m a t e r i a l s o f i n t e l l i g e n c e . T h e
e n v i r o n m e n t i n v o l v e s t h e e x p e r i e n c e s a n d t h e
p s y c h o l o g i c a l a n d p h y s i c a l e x p o s u r e o f t h e
i n d i v i d u a l t o t h e v a r i o u s i n f l u e n c e s a r o u n d
h i m / h e r. T h e h o m e s c h o o l a n d c o m m u n i t y a s w e l l
a s t h e t h i n g s h a p p e n i n g t h e r e i n a r e e x a m p l e s o f
o n e ’ s e n v i r o n m e n t .