This document defines the continental shelf and coastal state rights over the continental shelf according to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). It provides that a coastal state's continental shelf extends to 200 nautical miles from shore or the edge of the continental margin if it extends beyond 200 nm. It outlines procedures for establishing the outer limits if they extend beyond 200 nm and requirements for submitting limit coordinates. It also describes coastal state sovereign rights over natural resources on the continental shelf and obligations to not infringe on other states' navigation rights.
The law of the sea is a body of customs, treaties, and international agreements by which governments maintain order, productivity, and peaceful relations on the sea.Law of the sea is also known as Maritime law which is that branch of public International Law which regulates the rights and duties concerning the regulation of states with respect to the sea. It governs the legal rules regarding ships and shipping. It is one of the principal subjects of international law and is a mixture of the treaty and established or emerging customary law.
The law of the sea forms the basis of conducting maritime economic activities, the codification of navigation rules and to protect oceans from abuse of power. It covers rights, freedoms and obligations in areas such as territorial seas and waters and the high seas, fishing, wrecks and cultural heritage, protection of the marine environment and dispute settlement.
Presentation for THE LEGAL PROVISIONS ABOUT THE EXPLORATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN AN EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE
Course:Oil and Gas Law
MSc Oil and Gas Technology Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology School of Engineeringms, http://msc.petrotech.teikav.edu.gr/
The law of the sea is a body of customs, treaties, and international agreements by which governments maintain order, productivity, and peaceful relations on the sea.Law of the sea is also known as Maritime law which is that branch of public International Law which regulates the rights and duties concerning the regulation of states with respect to the sea. It governs the legal rules regarding ships and shipping. It is one of the principal subjects of international law and is a mixture of the treaty and established or emerging customary law.
The law of the sea forms the basis of conducting maritime economic activities, the codification of navigation rules and to protect oceans from abuse of power. It covers rights, freedoms and obligations in areas such as territorial seas and waters and the high seas, fishing, wrecks and cultural heritage, protection of the marine environment and dispute settlement.
Presentation for THE LEGAL PROVISIONS ABOUT THE EXPLORATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN AN EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE
Course:Oil and Gas Law
MSc Oil and Gas Technology Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology School of Engineeringms, http://msc.petrotech.teikav.edu.gr/
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and other Celestial Bodies
Presentation by Justin Ordoyo
University of the Philippines College of Law
This presentation will enlighten you on various law of the sea. You will be able to learn about the basic term of Ocean laws. you will also understand the critical points of boundary delimitation among many countries around the world.
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and other Celestial Bodies
Presentation by Justin Ordoyo
University of the Philippines College of Law
This presentation will enlighten you on various law of the sea. You will be able to learn about the basic term of Ocean laws. you will also understand the critical points of boundary delimitation among many countries around the world.
A lecture for the students of Quaid-i-Azam University and Bahria University (Islamabad, Pakistan) was presented at the Quaid-i-Azam University Hall.
Nov 12, 2010
maritime boundaries law of the sea (marine spaces landward of the baseline)prabathchamila444
‘Internal Waters include littoral areas such as ports, rivers, inlets and other marine spaces landward of the baseline (low-water line) where the port state has jurisdiction to enforce domestic regulations.’’
The Legal Regime of Continental Shelf under the UNCLOS 1982S M Masum Billah
The lecture defines the concept of continental shelf, describes t he nature of rights and duties of the states upon it, then it discusses how any dispute relating to the claim over the continental shelf be resolved with reference to decided cases by the ICJ, ITLOS an Arbitral bodies.
MARPOL 73/78 –ANNEX 5
(including amendments)
Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships
Introduction
A plastic bottle dumped into the ocean takes 450 years to degrade, an aluminum can takes 200-500, and tin can 100, according to numbers cited by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), a UN agency that regulates the shiping industry.
Regulation 1
definnitions
For the purposes of this Annex
Garbage means all kinds of victual, domestic and operational waste excluding fresh fish and part thereof, generated during the normal operation of the ship and liable to be disposed of continuously or periodically except those substances which are defined or listed in other Annexes to the present convention
Food wastes are any spoiled or unspoiled victual substances, such as fruits, vegetables, dairy products, poultry, meat product, food scraps, food particles, and all other materials contaminated by such wastes, generated onboard ship, principally in the gallery and dining areas.
Nearest land The term "from the nearest land" means from the baseline from which the territorial sea of the territory in question is established in accordance with international law.
Nearest land The term "from the nearest land" means from the baseline from which the territorial sea of the territory in question is established in accordance with international law.
Regulation 2
application
The provision of this Annex shall apply to all ships.
Regulation 3
disposal of garbage out side special areas
1) Subject to the provisions of regulations 4, 5 and 6 of this Annex:
the disposal into the sea of all plastics, including but not limited to synthetic ropes, synthetic fishing nets, plastic garbage bags and incinerator ashes from plastic products which may contain toxic or heavy metal residues, is prohibited;
the disposal into the sea of the following garbage shall be made as far as practicable from the nearest land but in any case is prohibited if the distance from the nearest land is less than:
(i) 25 nautical miles for dunnage, lining and packing materials which will float;
(ii) 12 nautical miles for food wastes and all other garbage including paper
products, rags, glass, metal, bottles, crockery and similar refuse;
disposal into the sea of garbage specified in subparagraph(b)(ii) of this regulation may be permitted when it has passed through a comminuter or grinder and made as far as practicable from the nearest land but in any case is prohibited if the distance from the nearest land is less than 3 nautical miles. Such comminuted or ground garbage shall be capable of passing through a screen with openings no greater than 25 mm.
2) When the garbage is mixed with other discharges having different disposal or discharge requirements the more stringent requirements shall apply.
Regulation 4
special requirements for disposal of garbage
1) Subject to th
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. • Article 76
• DEFINITION OF THE CONTINENTAL
SHELF
• 1. The continental shelf of a coastal State
comprises the sea-bed and subsoil of the
submarine areas that extend beyond its
territorial sea throughout the natural
prolongation of its land territory to the
outer edge of the continental margin, or to
a distance of 200 nautical miles from the
baselines from which the breadth of the
territorial sea is measured where the outer
edge of the continental margin does not
extend up to that distance.
3. • 2. The continental shelf of a coastal State shall
not extend beyond the limits provided for in
paragraphs 4 to 6
• 3. The continental margin comprises the
submerged prolongation of the landmass of the
coastal State, and consists of the sea-bed and
subsoil of the shelf the slope and the rise. It
does not include the deep ocean floor with its
oceanic ridges or the subsoil thereof.
4. • 4. (a) For the purposes of this Convention, the coastal
State shall establish the outer edge of the continental
margin wherever the margin extends beyond 200
nautical miles from the baselines from which the
breadth of the territorial sea is measured, by either:
- (i) a line delineated in accordance with paragraph 7
by reference to the outermost fixed points at each of
which the thickness of sedimentary rocks is at least 1
per cent of the shortest distance from such point to the
foot of the continental slope; or
- (ii) a line delineated in accordance with paragraph 7
by reference to fixed points not more than 60 nautical
miles from the foot of the continental slope.
5. 100 200 300 4000
Baseline
Nautical mile( M )
Oceanic crustCrystalline continental crust
Foot of
slope
1 % of distance
to foot of slope
Determination of the outer edge of the
continental margin by sediment thickness
Continental margin
6. • 5. The fixed points comprising the line of the outer
limits of the continental shelf on the sea-bed, drawn in
accordance with paragraph4(a)(I) and (ii), either shall
not exceed 350 nautical miles from the baselines from
which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured or
shall not exceed 100 nautical miles from the 2,500
meter isobaths, which is a line connecting the depth of
2,500 meters.
• 6. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 5, on
submarine ridges, the outer limit of the continental
shelf shall not exceed 350 nautical miles from the
baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea
is measured.
7. • 7. The coastal State shall delineate the outer limits of its
continental shelf, where that shelf extends beyond 200
nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth
of the territorial sea is measured, by straight lines not
exceeding 60 nautical miles in length, connecting fixed
points, defined by coordinates of latitude and longitude.
• 8. Information on the limits of the continental shelf
beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which
the breadth of the territorial sea is measured shall be
submitted by the coastal State to the Commission on the
Limits of the Continental Shelf set up under Annex II on
the basis of equitable geographical representation. The
Commission shall make recommendations to coastal
States on matters related to the establishment of the
outer limits of their continental shelf. The limits of the
shelf established by a coastal State on the basis of these
recommendations shall be final and binding
8. • 9. The coastal State shall deposit with the
Secretary-General of the United Nations
charts and relevant information, including
geodetic data, permanently describing the
outer limits of its continental shelf. The
Secretary-General shall give due publicity
thereto.
• 10. The provisions of this article are
without prejudice to the question of
delimitation of the continental shelf
between States with opposite or adjacent
coasts.
9. • Article 77
• RIGHTS OF THE COASTAL STATE OVER THE
CONTINENTAL SHELF
• 1. The coastal State exercises over the continental shelf
sovereign rights for the purpose of exploring it and
exploiting its natural resources.
• 2. The rights referred to in paragraph 1 are exclusive in
the sense that if the coastal State does not explore the
continental shelf or exploit its natural resources, no one
may undertake these activities without the express
consent of the coastal State.
• 3. The rights of the coastal State over the continental
shelf do not depend on occupation, effective or notional,
or on any express proclamation.
• 4. The natural resources referred to in this Part consist of
the mineral and other non-living resources of the sea-
bed and subsoil together with living organisms belonging
to sedentary species, that is to say, organisms which, at
the harvestable stage, either are immobile on or under
the sea-bed or are unable to move except in constant
physical contact with the sea-bed or the subsoil
10. . Article 78
• LEGAL STATUS OF THE SUPERJACENT
WATERS AND AIR SPACE AND THE RIGHTS
AND FREEDOMS OF OTHER STATES
• 1. The rights of the coastal State over the
continental shelf do not affect the legal status of
the superjacent waters or of the air space above
those waters.
• 2. The exercise of the rights of the coastal State
over the continental shelf must not infringe or
result in any unjustifiable interference with
navigation and other rights and freedoms of
other States as provided for in this Convention.
11. • Article 79
• SUBMARINE CABLES AND PIPELINES ON
THE CONTINENTAL SHELF
• 1. All States are entitled to lay submarine cables
and pipelines on the continental shelf, in
accordance with the provisions of this article.
• 2. Subject to its right to take reasonable
measures for the exploration of the continental
shelf, the exploitation of its natural resources
and the prevention, reduction and control of
pollution from pipelines, the coastal State may
not impede the laying or maintenance of such
cables or pipelines.
12. • Article 80
• ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS, INSTALLATIONS AND
STRUCTURES ON THE CONTINENTAL
SHELF
• Article 60 applies mutatis mutandis to artificial
islands, installations and structures on the
continental shelf.
• Article 81
• DRILLING ON THE CONTINENTAL SHELF
• The coastal State shall have the exclusive right
to authorize and regulate drilling on the
continental shelf for all purposes.
13. • Article 83
• DELIMITATION OF THE CONTINENTAL SHELF BETWEEN STATES
WITH OPPOSITE ORADJACENT COASTS
• 1. The delimitation of the continental shelf between States with opposite
or adjacent coasts shall be effected by agreement on the basis of
international law, as referred to in Article 38 of the Statute of the
International Court of Justice, in order to achieve an equitable solution.
• 2. If no agreement can be reached within a reasonable period of time,
the States concerned shall resort to the procedures provided for in Part
XV.
• 3. Pending agreement as provided for in paragraph 1, the States
concerned, in a spirit of understanding and co-operation, shall make
every effort to enter into provisional arrangements of a practical nature
and, during this transitional period, not to jeopardize or hamper the
reaching of the final agreement. Such arrangements shall be without
prejudice to the final delimitation.
• 4. Where there is an agreement in force between the States concerned,
questions relating to the delimitation of the continental shelf shall be
determined in accordance with the provisions of that agreement.
14. • Article 84
• CHARTS AND LISTS OF GEOGRAPHICAL CO-
ORDINATES
• 1. Subject to this Part, the outer limit lines of the
continental shelf and the lines of delimitation drawn in
accordance with article 83 shall be shown on charts of
a scale or scales adequate for ascertaining their
position. Where appropriate, lists of geographical co-
ordinates of points, specifying the geodetic datum,
may be substituted for such outer limit lines or lines of
delimitation.
• 2. The coastal State shall give due publicity to such
charts or lists of graphical co-ordinates and shall
deposit a copy of each such chart or list with the
Secretary-General of the United Nations and, in the
case of those showing the outer limit lines of the
continental shelf, with the Secretary-General of the
Authority