Container secrets talk from DevSecCon
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Your container secret's safe with me - a review of secret management from some popular orchestrators (and a glimpse into Aqua Security's capabilities for secrets)
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Container secrets talk from DevSecCon
- 1. Join the conversation #DevSecCon Your (container) secret’s safe with me Liz Rice, Aqua Security @lizrice
- 4. Desirable attributes for secrets management
- 5. 5 Secrets @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam Secrets photo: Katie Tegtmeyer ■ Encrypted ■ At rest and in transit ■ Only decrypted in memory
- 6. 6 Secrets @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam Secrets photo: James Case ■ Access control ■ Only accessible by containers that need them ■ And users ■ Write-only access
- 7. 7 Secrets @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam Secrets photo: Irena Jackson ■ Life-cycle ■ Risk of leak increases over time ■ Rotation, revocation, audit logging
- 8. Passing secrets to containers
- 9. 9 Bad places for secrets @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam ■ Source code ■ Dockerfiles / images
- 10. 10 docker run -e VARNAME=secret ... Environment variables @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam
- 11. 11 ■ docker inspect ■ docker exec ■ /proc directory ■ Leaky logs Environment variables @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam
- 12. 12 docker run -v /hostsecrets:/secrets ... Mounted volume @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam
- 13. 13 ■ docker inspect ■ docker exec ■ /proc directory ■ Leaky logs Mounted volume @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam
- 14. Orchestrator support for secrets
- 15. 15 Docker @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam ■ Secrets support built in for Docker Swarm services ■ Not standalone containers ■ Encrypted transmission with mutual authentication ■ Secret accessible when exposed to service ■ Mounted to a temporary fs (not env vars) ■ RBAC in Enterprise Edition
- 16. 16 Docker @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam ■ Encrypted in Raft log ■ Lock your Swarm!! ■ Shared to Swarm managers ■ Audit log with events ■ Rotation requires container restart & secret dance Encrypted ✓ Access control ✓ Life-cycle ?
- 17. 17 Kubernetes secrets @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam ■ Secret configured in pod YAML ■ Namespaced ■ RBAC can be turned on --authorization-mode=RBAC ■ Files and env vars ■ Files support updating secret values ■ Need to restart pod to get new env var value
- 18. 18 Kubernetes secrets @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam ■ Stored in etcd ■ Make sure secrets are encrypted! ■ --experimental-encryption-provider-config on API Server Encrypted ? Access control ✓ Life-cycle ✓
- 19. 19 Kubernetes secrets @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam kind: EncryptionConfig apiVersion: v1 resources: - resources: - secrets providers: - aescbc: keys: - name: key1 secret: bXlWZXJ5U2VjcmV0RW5jcnlwdGlvbktleQo= - identity: {}
- 20. 20 Secrets all the way down @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam ■ EncryptionConfig holds a secret key... xkcd.com/1416
- 21. 21 DC/OS @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam ■ Enterprise DC/OS ■ Plug-ins for Mesos/Marathon ■ Encrypted in ZooKeeper ■ Env vars ■ Access control by service path ■ Restart service to update value Encrypted ✓ Access control ✓ Life-cycle ?
- 22. 22 Nomad @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam ■ Integrated with Vault ■ Use production mode ■ Encryption & security primitives
- 23. 23 Nomad @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam ■ Secrets passed as files ■ Nomad takes care of interactions with Vault ■ Tasks get tokens so they can retrieve values ■ Poll for changed values ■ Access control ■ Audit logging Encrypted ✓ Access control ✓ Life-cycle ✓
- 24. 24 Aqua secrets & external store @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam ■ Any orchestrator ■ Secret storage in 3rd party backend ■ Hashicorp Vault, Amazon KMS, Azure Key Vault, CyberArk Vault...
- 25. 25 Aqua secrets & external store @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam ■ File system & env var support ■ Update secrets without container restart ■ No env var leak through inspect or /proc ■ Auditing of secret usage ■ User & container access control Encrypted ✓ Access control ✓ Life-cycle ✓
- 26. Summary
- 27. 27 Secrets @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam Secrets photo: Iain Merchant ■ Access secrets at runtime ■ Not built in ■ Rotate secrets ■ Your best option depends on ■ Orchestrator ■ Acceptable level of risk
- 28. Join the conversation #DevSecCon The Ultimate Guide to Secrets Management in Containers tiny.cc/secrets @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam
- 29. 29 Kubernetes secrets access @LizRice | @AquaSecTeam ■ RBAC can be turned on --authorization-mode=RBAC # This role binding allows "dave" to read secrets in the "development" namespace. kind: RoleBinding apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1 metadata: name: read-secrets namespace: development # This only grants permissions within the "development" namespace. subjects: - kind: User name: dave apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io roleRef: kind: ClusterRole name: secret-reader apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io