This document summarizes a study on female workers' attitudes toward industrial disputes in the ready-made garments (RMG) sector in Bangladesh. The RMG sector is a major contributor to Bangladesh's economy and employs around 2 million people, most of whom are women. However, industrial disputes have hampered productivity in recent years. The study aims to assess female workers' attitudes on industrial disputes, identify how disputes are resolved, and recommend guidelines to reduce disputes and increase productivity. As women make up most of the workforce, understanding their perspectives is important for minimizing disputes and improving the sustainability and competitiveness of the RMG sector in Bangladesh.
Problem and prospects of garments industry in bangladeshkhan shamim
The document discusses the garments industry in Bangladesh, including its growth, impact, and challenges. It summarizes that the garments industry has experienced tremendous growth over the last two decades, becoming a major manufacturing and export industry. It now employs over 1.5 million women and has significant economic and social impacts. However, it also faces issues like low wages, insufficient government policies, and the challenges of globalization. The document examines the current problems and prospects to understand how to further improve the industry.
The textile industry in India is one of the oldest and largest industries, employing millions of people. Key sectors include cotton, handlooms, wool, jute, and silk. The Ministry of Textiles oversees the industry and promotes exports. Two major Indian textile companies are Siyaram Silk Mills and Raymond Group. Siyaram Silk Mills produces fabrics and garments and has a large retail presence. Raymond Group is a large producer of wool fabrics and owns several apparel brands which it retails through a large network of stores.
The document provides an overview of Welspun India Limited, a leading home textiles company based in India. Some key points:
- Welspun India is one of India's largest home textile exporters, supplying products to over 32 countries.
- It has a wide product portfolio including bed linen, towels, and bathrobes. Nearly 95% of production is exported.
- The Indian textile industry contributes significantly to India's GDP, exports, employment, and overall economic growth.
- Welspun India aims to analyze innovations in the home textiles space through the project conducted at their facilities.
The textile industry is one of India's largest and oldest industries, contributing significantly to the national economy. It provides direct employment to over 35 million people and is the second largest provider of employment after agriculture. The textile industry contributes about 14% to industrial production and 4% to India's GDP. Major segments of the textile industry include cotton, silk, wool, readymade garments, and hand-crafted textiles. The industry has grown substantially since economic liberalization in the 1990s but still faces challenges from competition and rising costs. The government has introduced various initiatives and regulatory policies to support the textile industry.
This document discusses a labor dispute that occurred at Maruti Suzuki's car manufacturing plant in Manesar, India in 2012. Over 2,000 workers stopped work to protest issues like low wages, incentive cuts, and demanding a new independent union. On July 18th, violence broke out between workers and management, resulting in injuries to 96 staff and the death of a human resources manager. The strike caused major losses for the company. Both sides blamed each other, with workers claiming poor treatment and management accusing workers of sabotage. The company terminated 49 workers, while the union demands their reinstatement. Suggested solutions include allowing an independent union with management-approved leaders and improving workplace conditions.
Jaipur Rugs is India's largest manufacturer and exporter of hand-knotted rugs, founded in 1978. It produces rugs, pillows, and poufs using a network of around 40,000 skilled artisans across rural India. The company handles all operations from raw material procurement to final sale in global markets except the United States, which is managed by its US-based subsidiary, Jaipur Rugs Inc.
The document provides a SWOT analysis of the Indian textile industry. It identifies several strengths, including that India is the largest and second largest manufacturer and exporter of textiles globally. However, it also outlines many weaknesses, such as higher costs compared to competitors, low cotton yields, and a fragmented garment sector. Opportunities include capitalizing on the US-China trade war, while threats include potential increased imports from countries with which India does not have trade agreements and rising trade deficits with China.
Lijjat Papad is a women's cooperative organization in India that manufactures various food products. It was founded in 1959 in Mumbai by seven women and has since grown tremendously, employing over 42,000 women across India. The organization is structured as autonomous production units across different states. Lijjat Papad prioritizes empowering women through employment and education, and has played a significant role in promoting literacy and skills training for its member-sisters and their families over the years.
Problem and prospects of garments industry in bangladeshkhan shamim
The document discusses the garments industry in Bangladesh, including its growth, impact, and challenges. It summarizes that the garments industry has experienced tremendous growth over the last two decades, becoming a major manufacturing and export industry. It now employs over 1.5 million women and has significant economic and social impacts. However, it also faces issues like low wages, insufficient government policies, and the challenges of globalization. The document examines the current problems and prospects to understand how to further improve the industry.
The textile industry in India is one of the oldest and largest industries, employing millions of people. Key sectors include cotton, handlooms, wool, jute, and silk. The Ministry of Textiles oversees the industry and promotes exports. Two major Indian textile companies are Siyaram Silk Mills and Raymond Group. Siyaram Silk Mills produces fabrics and garments and has a large retail presence. Raymond Group is a large producer of wool fabrics and owns several apparel brands which it retails through a large network of stores.
The document provides an overview of Welspun India Limited, a leading home textiles company based in India. Some key points:
- Welspun India is one of India's largest home textile exporters, supplying products to over 32 countries.
- It has a wide product portfolio including bed linen, towels, and bathrobes. Nearly 95% of production is exported.
- The Indian textile industry contributes significantly to India's GDP, exports, employment, and overall economic growth.
- Welspun India aims to analyze innovations in the home textiles space through the project conducted at their facilities.
The textile industry is one of India's largest and oldest industries, contributing significantly to the national economy. It provides direct employment to over 35 million people and is the second largest provider of employment after agriculture. The textile industry contributes about 14% to industrial production and 4% to India's GDP. Major segments of the textile industry include cotton, silk, wool, readymade garments, and hand-crafted textiles. The industry has grown substantially since economic liberalization in the 1990s but still faces challenges from competition and rising costs. The government has introduced various initiatives and regulatory policies to support the textile industry.
This document discusses a labor dispute that occurred at Maruti Suzuki's car manufacturing plant in Manesar, India in 2012. Over 2,000 workers stopped work to protest issues like low wages, incentive cuts, and demanding a new independent union. On July 18th, violence broke out between workers and management, resulting in injuries to 96 staff and the death of a human resources manager. The strike caused major losses for the company. Both sides blamed each other, with workers claiming poor treatment and management accusing workers of sabotage. The company terminated 49 workers, while the union demands their reinstatement. Suggested solutions include allowing an independent union with management-approved leaders and improving workplace conditions.
Jaipur Rugs is India's largest manufacturer and exporter of hand-knotted rugs, founded in 1978. It produces rugs, pillows, and poufs using a network of around 40,000 skilled artisans across rural India. The company handles all operations from raw material procurement to final sale in global markets except the United States, which is managed by its US-based subsidiary, Jaipur Rugs Inc.
The document provides a SWOT analysis of the Indian textile industry. It identifies several strengths, including that India is the largest and second largest manufacturer and exporter of textiles globally. However, it also outlines many weaknesses, such as higher costs compared to competitors, low cotton yields, and a fragmented garment sector. Opportunities include capitalizing on the US-China trade war, while threats include potential increased imports from countries with which India does not have trade agreements and rising trade deficits with China.
Lijjat Papad is a women's cooperative organization in India that manufactures various food products. It was founded in 1959 in Mumbai by seven women and has since grown tremendously, employing over 42,000 women across India. The organization is structured as autonomous production units across different states. Lijjat Papad prioritizes empowering women through employment and education, and has played a significant role in promoting literacy and skills training for its member-sisters and their families over the years.
The document provides an overview of Park Avenue Deo, a subsidiary of Raymond Ltd that produces male grooming products. Some key points:
- Park Avenue Deo's main product segments are deodorants, shaving solutions, soaps, and shampoos.
- The company targets male youth between ages 14-30, especially in urban areas, with advertising on TV and social media promoting its products as cool and adventurous.
- For the first half of 2019, Raymond Ltd saw a 7% increase in revenue but a 7% decrease in net income, with higher depreciation and finance costs offsetting gains in real estate and apparel.
Analysis of balance sheet, net income and cash flow of Bombay Dyeing. This presentation gives company breakdown and steps taken or suggestions provided to get back its foothold in textile sector again.
This document provides an industry profile of the leather industry in India. It discusses the major production centers, structure of the industry including the tanning, footwear, leather goods, and leather garments sectors. It profiles some major players in the industry and analyzes the industry using Porter's five forces model and a SWOT analysis. Key strengths of the industry include availability of low-cost labor and raw materials. Opportunities for growth include expanding export markets and product diversification.
IBM faced a crisis in the early 1990s as demand for mainframes decreased and the company struggled with bureaucracy and weak marketing. Louis Gerstner was hired as CEO in 1993 to lead a turnaround. He launched structural changes that empowered line executives and held them accountable for results. IBM shifted to a customer-centric approach and unified marketing strategy under the single brand of "IBM". The company focused on the growing market for network-centric computing while maintaining revenues from mainframes. These changes stabilized IBM's business and positioned it for renewed growth.
- Lijjat Papad started in 1959 with 7 women making papads from household materials in Mumbai to earn additional income. It has since grown to over 40,000 member-sisters across India.
- It operates as a cooperative where all members are owners and share profits equally. Standard processes ensure consistent quality of products across branches.
- Lijjat has diversified its product range while maintaining the cooperative structure. It has positively impacted women's empowerment, livelihoods, and social welfare.
1) The document summarizes the industrial relations issues between Maruti Suzuki and its workers at the Manesar plant in Haryana, India from 1997-2012.
2) In July 2012, violence broke out at the plant resulting in one death and injuries to over 100 people after months of tensions between workers and management over issues like wages, temporary workers, and union recognition.
3) Both workers and management blamed each other for the violence and disruptions, with workers citing issues like low pay, harsh working conditions, and abuse, while management accused workers of sabotage and intentionally reducing quality and output.
Maruti Suzuki Labour Unrest at Manesar PlantShubham Mongia
Maruti Suzuki workers went on strike in July 2012 at the Manesar plant, demanding a five-fold salary increase and improved benefits. Approximately 2000 workers participated in the illegal strike, costing the company Rs. 6 billion. The strike was caused by differences in salary, harsh working conditions, an emphasis on contract workers, and lack of communication between workers and management. In response, Maruti Suzuki fired 500 workers, imposed a lockout without pay, and moved to de-recognize the workers union. Better industrial relations may have prevented the conflict through improved policies, worker treatment, and grievance procedures.
Recruitment & Selection Process of Ha-Meem GroupMahmudul Haque
This document provides an overview of the recruitment and selection process at Ha-Meem Group. It discusses the objectives, methodology, sources of data collection, and analysis used in the report. Regarding recruitment, it outlines the process, sources (internal and external), and factors influencing the recruitment policy at Ha-Meem Group. It also provides definitions of key terms like recruitment.
Raymond is a leading Indian textile and garment manufacturer founded in 1925. It produces fabrics, garments, and designer wear. Gautam Singhania leads the company as CEO. Raymond has a presence in 55 countries and over 200 Indian cities with 550 stores. It aims to provide high quality products and superior customer service. Key competitors include Mayur Suitings and Vimal Suitings. Raymond has established itself as the market leader in the garment industry in India.
Gul Ahmed Textile Mills Ltd. was incorporated in 1953 in Pakistan and has since grown to become one of the largest textile companies in the world. The company operates an integrated textile facility with over 100,000 spindles and various weaving, dyeing, and finishing processes. Gul Ahmed aims to set trends globally through innovative technology and teamwork while fulfilling its social and environmental responsibilities. It focuses on quality control throughout manufacturing to produce high quality textiles.
The industry that has been making crucial contribution to rebuilding the country and its economy is none other than the Ready Made Garments (RMG) industry which is now the single biggest export earner for Bangladesh. The sector accounts for 81% of total export earnings of the country.
This document is an internship report submitted by Jewel Rana on their internship at Next Collections Limited, which is part of the Ha-Meem Group. The report provides an overview of the production processes and coordination at Next Collections Limited. It describes the various sections involved in garment production such as design, pattern making, sampling, grading, cutting, sewing, inspection, finishing and packing. The report also discusses the duties performed by the intern in the production coordination section and analysis of production reports. It aims to understand the garment factory environment and document the learning during the internship period.
Lizzat Papad is one of the best examples of successful women entrepreneurship stories. Here is a brief case study for presentation. Hope you find it useful!
The document discusses the negative environmental impacts of the textile industry, including pollution from pesticides and chemicals used in production, waste from discarded clothing, and substandard working conditions. It notes textiles contribute significantly to the Indian economy but can harm wildlife, contaminate products, and damage peoples' health. The industry releases pollutants from machinery and intensive farming practices that degrade the environment overall.
Garments Industry of Bangladesh Economynusratjahan56
The garments industry is Bangladesh's largest export industry, employing over 2 million workers. It has experienced rapid growth since the late 1970s and now accounts for approximately 80% of Bangladesh's total exports and 13% of GDP. However, working conditions in the industry are harsh, with long hours, low wages that are often unpaid, and few workplace protections. Expanding textile education and training programs could help increase productivity and skills in the industry while reducing unemployment, but continued efforts are needed to improve conditions for garments workers.
A project report on training and development in bst textile pvt. ltdProjects Kart
The document provides an introduction to BST Textiles, an Indian textile company. It outlines the company profile including location, products, machinery used, sales and marketing approach, and quality assurance measures. It then discusses the objectives, scope, and categorization of employees at BST Textiles. Finally, it outlines the organizational structure of BST Textiles and introduces the key leadership positions.
The document discusses the competitiveness of Pakistan's textile industry and identifies several issues and challenges. It notes that the textile industry generates most of Pakistan's exports but its growth has slowed. Key factors of competitiveness include labor costs, access to materials, infrastructure and markets. While Pakistan has low labor wages, productivity is a challenge. The industry needs to improve capabilities in areas like technology, efficiency, product development and compliance to strengthen its position against competitors like China, India and Bangladesh.
The document provides an overview of the Aditya Birla Group, an Indian conglomerate founded in 1857. It discusses the group's history and expansion starting in 1919. The group operates across multiple sectors including cement, metals, textiles, telecom, chemicals, financial services, and more. It has a presence in over 20 countries and over 136,000 employees. The group focuses on delivering value to customers, shareholders, employees and society. It has numerous subsidiaries and has undertaken several joint ventures and acquisitions to expand its operations.
Tata Steel Group is a Fortune 500 company and one of the top ten global steel producers with over 28 million tons of annual steel capacity. It employs over 81,000 people globally and generated $1.3 billion in revenue in 2011-2012. Despite economic challenges, Tata Steel focused on keeping employees motivated through initiatives like talent development, leadership training, and cross-functional movement of executives worldwide.
Jaipur Rugs was founded in 1978 in India and has since expanded to work with over 40,000 artisans across 10 states. It aims to empower local artisan communities by connecting them directly to global markets for their handmade carpet products, eliminating exploitative middlemen. Jaipur Rugs Foundation, the company's CSR arm, works to improve living standards for artisans through healthcare, education and skills training initiatives. The company has received several awards for its social business model and high-quality hand-knotted carpet products that are exported worldwide.
This document summarizes a research study on female workers' attitudes toward industrial disputes in the ready-made garments (RMG) sector in Bangladesh. The RMG sector is a major contributor to Bangladesh's economy and employs around 2 million people, most of whom are women. However, industrial disputes have hindered the sector's growth in recent years. The study aims to assess female workers' attitudes on industrial disputes and identify ways to minimize disputes to increase productivity. The researchers conducted interviews and surveys of female RMG workers to analyze their views on the sources of disputes and how disputes could be better resolved. The findings could help develop guidelines to reduce disputes and strengthen the sustainable development of Bangladesh's important RMG industry.
This document discusses employee satisfaction levels in the Ready Made Garments (RMG) sector in Bangladesh. It provides background on the growth of the RMG industry and discusses key factors that impact employee satisfaction, such as wages, working conditions, and relationships with supervisors. The literature review examines previous research on employee satisfaction and productivity in the garments industry. The objectives are to assess satisfaction levels among garment employees, identify the major factors affecting satisfaction, and examine how employees are treated. The methodology section outlines the data collection process, including surveys of RMG workers in Dhaka to measure satisfaction levels.
The document provides an overview of Park Avenue Deo, a subsidiary of Raymond Ltd that produces male grooming products. Some key points:
- Park Avenue Deo's main product segments are deodorants, shaving solutions, soaps, and shampoos.
- The company targets male youth between ages 14-30, especially in urban areas, with advertising on TV and social media promoting its products as cool and adventurous.
- For the first half of 2019, Raymond Ltd saw a 7% increase in revenue but a 7% decrease in net income, with higher depreciation and finance costs offsetting gains in real estate and apparel.
Analysis of balance sheet, net income and cash flow of Bombay Dyeing. This presentation gives company breakdown and steps taken or suggestions provided to get back its foothold in textile sector again.
This document provides an industry profile of the leather industry in India. It discusses the major production centers, structure of the industry including the tanning, footwear, leather goods, and leather garments sectors. It profiles some major players in the industry and analyzes the industry using Porter's five forces model and a SWOT analysis. Key strengths of the industry include availability of low-cost labor and raw materials. Opportunities for growth include expanding export markets and product diversification.
IBM faced a crisis in the early 1990s as demand for mainframes decreased and the company struggled with bureaucracy and weak marketing. Louis Gerstner was hired as CEO in 1993 to lead a turnaround. He launched structural changes that empowered line executives and held them accountable for results. IBM shifted to a customer-centric approach and unified marketing strategy under the single brand of "IBM". The company focused on the growing market for network-centric computing while maintaining revenues from mainframes. These changes stabilized IBM's business and positioned it for renewed growth.
- Lijjat Papad started in 1959 with 7 women making papads from household materials in Mumbai to earn additional income. It has since grown to over 40,000 member-sisters across India.
- It operates as a cooperative where all members are owners and share profits equally. Standard processes ensure consistent quality of products across branches.
- Lijjat has diversified its product range while maintaining the cooperative structure. It has positively impacted women's empowerment, livelihoods, and social welfare.
1) The document summarizes the industrial relations issues between Maruti Suzuki and its workers at the Manesar plant in Haryana, India from 1997-2012.
2) In July 2012, violence broke out at the plant resulting in one death and injuries to over 100 people after months of tensions between workers and management over issues like wages, temporary workers, and union recognition.
3) Both workers and management blamed each other for the violence and disruptions, with workers citing issues like low pay, harsh working conditions, and abuse, while management accused workers of sabotage and intentionally reducing quality and output.
Maruti Suzuki Labour Unrest at Manesar PlantShubham Mongia
Maruti Suzuki workers went on strike in July 2012 at the Manesar plant, demanding a five-fold salary increase and improved benefits. Approximately 2000 workers participated in the illegal strike, costing the company Rs. 6 billion. The strike was caused by differences in salary, harsh working conditions, an emphasis on contract workers, and lack of communication between workers and management. In response, Maruti Suzuki fired 500 workers, imposed a lockout without pay, and moved to de-recognize the workers union. Better industrial relations may have prevented the conflict through improved policies, worker treatment, and grievance procedures.
Recruitment & Selection Process of Ha-Meem GroupMahmudul Haque
This document provides an overview of the recruitment and selection process at Ha-Meem Group. It discusses the objectives, methodology, sources of data collection, and analysis used in the report. Regarding recruitment, it outlines the process, sources (internal and external), and factors influencing the recruitment policy at Ha-Meem Group. It also provides definitions of key terms like recruitment.
Raymond is a leading Indian textile and garment manufacturer founded in 1925. It produces fabrics, garments, and designer wear. Gautam Singhania leads the company as CEO. Raymond has a presence in 55 countries and over 200 Indian cities with 550 stores. It aims to provide high quality products and superior customer service. Key competitors include Mayur Suitings and Vimal Suitings. Raymond has established itself as the market leader in the garment industry in India.
Gul Ahmed Textile Mills Ltd. was incorporated in 1953 in Pakistan and has since grown to become one of the largest textile companies in the world. The company operates an integrated textile facility with over 100,000 spindles and various weaving, dyeing, and finishing processes. Gul Ahmed aims to set trends globally through innovative technology and teamwork while fulfilling its social and environmental responsibilities. It focuses on quality control throughout manufacturing to produce high quality textiles.
The industry that has been making crucial contribution to rebuilding the country and its economy is none other than the Ready Made Garments (RMG) industry which is now the single biggest export earner for Bangladesh. The sector accounts for 81% of total export earnings of the country.
This document is an internship report submitted by Jewel Rana on their internship at Next Collections Limited, which is part of the Ha-Meem Group. The report provides an overview of the production processes and coordination at Next Collections Limited. It describes the various sections involved in garment production such as design, pattern making, sampling, grading, cutting, sewing, inspection, finishing and packing. The report also discusses the duties performed by the intern in the production coordination section and analysis of production reports. It aims to understand the garment factory environment and document the learning during the internship period.
Lizzat Papad is one of the best examples of successful women entrepreneurship stories. Here is a brief case study for presentation. Hope you find it useful!
The document discusses the negative environmental impacts of the textile industry, including pollution from pesticides and chemicals used in production, waste from discarded clothing, and substandard working conditions. It notes textiles contribute significantly to the Indian economy but can harm wildlife, contaminate products, and damage peoples' health. The industry releases pollutants from machinery and intensive farming practices that degrade the environment overall.
Garments Industry of Bangladesh Economynusratjahan56
The garments industry is Bangladesh's largest export industry, employing over 2 million workers. It has experienced rapid growth since the late 1970s and now accounts for approximately 80% of Bangladesh's total exports and 13% of GDP. However, working conditions in the industry are harsh, with long hours, low wages that are often unpaid, and few workplace protections. Expanding textile education and training programs could help increase productivity and skills in the industry while reducing unemployment, but continued efforts are needed to improve conditions for garments workers.
A project report on training and development in bst textile pvt. ltdProjects Kart
The document provides an introduction to BST Textiles, an Indian textile company. It outlines the company profile including location, products, machinery used, sales and marketing approach, and quality assurance measures. It then discusses the objectives, scope, and categorization of employees at BST Textiles. Finally, it outlines the organizational structure of BST Textiles and introduces the key leadership positions.
The document discusses the competitiveness of Pakistan's textile industry and identifies several issues and challenges. It notes that the textile industry generates most of Pakistan's exports but its growth has slowed. Key factors of competitiveness include labor costs, access to materials, infrastructure and markets. While Pakistan has low labor wages, productivity is a challenge. The industry needs to improve capabilities in areas like technology, efficiency, product development and compliance to strengthen its position against competitors like China, India and Bangladesh.
The document provides an overview of the Aditya Birla Group, an Indian conglomerate founded in 1857. It discusses the group's history and expansion starting in 1919. The group operates across multiple sectors including cement, metals, textiles, telecom, chemicals, financial services, and more. It has a presence in over 20 countries and over 136,000 employees. The group focuses on delivering value to customers, shareholders, employees and society. It has numerous subsidiaries and has undertaken several joint ventures and acquisitions to expand its operations.
Tata Steel Group is a Fortune 500 company and one of the top ten global steel producers with over 28 million tons of annual steel capacity. It employs over 81,000 people globally and generated $1.3 billion in revenue in 2011-2012. Despite economic challenges, Tata Steel focused on keeping employees motivated through initiatives like talent development, leadership training, and cross-functional movement of executives worldwide.
Jaipur Rugs was founded in 1978 in India and has since expanded to work with over 40,000 artisans across 10 states. It aims to empower local artisan communities by connecting them directly to global markets for their handmade carpet products, eliminating exploitative middlemen. Jaipur Rugs Foundation, the company's CSR arm, works to improve living standards for artisans through healthcare, education and skills training initiatives. The company has received several awards for its social business model and high-quality hand-knotted carpet products that are exported worldwide.
This document summarizes a research study on female workers' attitudes toward industrial disputes in the ready-made garments (RMG) sector in Bangladesh. The RMG sector is a major contributor to Bangladesh's economy and employs around 2 million people, most of whom are women. However, industrial disputes have hindered the sector's growth in recent years. The study aims to assess female workers' attitudes on industrial disputes and identify ways to minimize disputes to increase productivity. The researchers conducted interviews and surveys of female RMG workers to analyze their views on the sources of disputes and how disputes could be better resolved. The findings could help develop guidelines to reduce disputes and strengthen the sustainable development of Bangladesh's important RMG industry.
This document discusses employee satisfaction levels in the Ready Made Garments (RMG) sector in Bangladesh. It provides background on the growth of the RMG industry and discusses key factors that impact employee satisfaction, such as wages, working conditions, and relationships with supervisors. The literature review examines previous research on employee satisfaction and productivity in the garments industry. The objectives are to assess satisfaction levels among garment employees, identify the major factors affecting satisfaction, and examine how employees are treated. The methodology section outlines the data collection process, including surveys of RMG workers in Dhaka to measure satisfaction levels.
Global competition in rmg related industry and bangladeshs present positionMarchant Sajib
This document discusses the history and role of the ready-made garment (RMG) sector in Bangladesh. It provides background on the growth of RMG factories and workers since the sector emerged in the late 1970s. Some key points:
- The RMG sector has grown exponentially and is now the largest export industry and foreign currency earner for Bangladesh. It employs over 4 million workers, around 90% of whom are women.
- The sector has contributed significantly to GDP growth and reducing unemployment in Bangladesh as the population grows. It has also helped develop other industries like banking and transportation.
- While RMG has boosted the economy, the sector still faces challenges like an unskilled workforce, infrastructure issues, high costs
Contribution of RMG sector in National Economy Of BangladeshBless Godino
This slide represents "Contribution of RMG sector in National Economy Of Bangladesh". Slide were made with the help of secondary data which was already available in the internet. you are free to use this slide. for feedback you can send me mail in - bassistbless@gmail.com
Thank you !
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
1) The document discusses job switching among garment workers in Bangladesh and how it decreases productivity. It analyzes data collected from garment workers in three different areas of Dhaka district.
2) The study found that many workers change jobs for higher salaries or better working environments. Workers in city areas tended to change jobs due to increasing rent costs or transportation issues more than those in outer city areas.
3) Frequent job changing creates problems for production planning and meeting shipment deadlines, lowering productivity in the garment industry. The document reviews previous literature on the topic and factors influencing workers' decisions to change jobs.
A CASE STUDY ON CONSTRAINTS AFFECTING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF READYMADE GARMENT (...ijmvsc
The success of Readymade garment (RMG) exports from Bangladesh over the past few decades has
reached to an unprecedented height and sometimes it goes beyond optimistic expectations compared to any
other sectors in the country. Being one of the lucrative multibillion dollar industries, it has provided more
than 4.0 million employment opportunities and ensured women empowerment. It has brought the fortune to
rural women communities and they have become independent by themselves. The garment industry in
Bangladesh faces a number of challenges including fallacious working condition, dearth of safety, political
turbulence and, low remuneration. To sustain in the competitive global market, management has to identify
the prime key opportunities and identify any threats. This study was conducted to analyze the prospects and
constraints of Bangladesh RMG industry using well known multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method
namely analytic hierarchy process (AHP). To judge the model, data was collected through the focus group
discussion and key informant interviews with the managers of three different garment industries situated in
Gazipur, Bangladesh. The findings of the study showed that “unsound working condition” among several
challenges affects workers working capability and productivity severely. The study recommends that
through proper identification and taking corrective measures against the challenges by the management of
RMG sector, Bangladesh has the opportunity to be the market leader in this sector.
Problems and Prospect of RMG Sector in BangladeshTasnim Fahim
Problems and Prospect of RMG Sector in Bangladesh. This presentation Made By Tasnim Alam. He is a studen of National institute of fashion technology(NIFT).He study Apparel Manufacture Technology(AMT).
Socio-Economic Factors of Readymade Garments Workers in BangladeshDr. Nazrul Islam
Readymade garment industry is the prime sector of foreign earnings of Bangladesh. There are more than 4,500 garment companies are operating in Bangladesh. More than 80% of the foreign earnings are coming from this sector. At present, four million workers are working in this sector in which 90% are rural women. It is claimed by the employers that the garment companies have helped to develop the socio-economic status of the rural women employed in this sector. Hence, this paper aims at identifying the socio-economic status factors of the garment workers of Bangladesh. This study suggests that housing, water and sanitation conditions, medical facilities and first aid treatment, wages, social status, adaptation of cultural values and norms, attachment with labor unions, ownership arrangement, leave with pay and overtime are significantly related to the socio-economic status of the garments workers of Bangladesh. This study recommends that the measures for improving the socio-economic status of the women workers are related to the improvement of their housing conditions, education, health and sanitation, and the favorable service rules for the women workers.
Labour unrest in the readymade garment sector of bangladesh am empirical rese...Md Zafar Alam Bhuiyan
Bangladesh is a country where garment sector has been developed informally by the mostly illiterate people of the country. So there is lack of unprofessional and scientific way of management of production and the related other issues. Now, this sector is the main bread earner of the country from foreign sector. As its inception, the garment sector is not being modernised with the globalised atmosphere as per the requirement of the civilization especially compliance other human right issues resulting frequent unrest therefore. Still now some of the owners are not agree to increase the labor facilities rather to continue as the sweatshops while demanding to increase facilities from the buyer side. But, buyers are not willing to increase CM (cost of manufacturing), they have increased much the same in other countries. After the incidents of Tazreen Fashion and Rana Plaza. Government and garment owners should increase the facilities of the workers and finally the buyers should increase their rate to mitigate the situation.
This document is a strategic management report on the ready-made garments (RMG) industry in Bangladesh. It begins with an introduction to the importance and growth of the RMG sector in Bangladesh. It then provides an external analysis, including a PEST analysis examining the political, economic, social and technological environment. It also performs a five forces analysis, finding competitive rivalry between existing players and low bargaining power of suppliers. The document then analyzes internal factors like core competencies, SWOT analysis, strategies and success factors of the industry. It concludes the industry has been very successful but also faces threats that must be addressed.
Report on External and Internal Environment AnalysisSartaj Noor
This document provides an analysis of the macro and micro environmental factors impacting the ready-made garment industry in Bangladesh. It includes a summary, introduction to the industry, company profile of Fergasam Bangladesh Ltd., and analyses of technological, economic, legal, and social macro factors as well as micro factors like customers, suppliers, competitors, and publics. It concludes with recommendations to ensure continued growth and profitability of the industry by addressing issues like safety, wages, and technology.
In recent year, labor unrest in RMG sector of Bangladesh has been a matter of serious concern. It
is the highest foreign exchange earning sector. It has been able to create employment opportunities
for about few millions of people, most of whom are poor, uneducated and unskilled women from
the rule area. But this sector is infested with a number of problems. Labor unrest is one of them.
For collecting data the study has used questionnaire and interview method. The major causes of
labor unrest irregularities in payment, low wage, absence of trade unionism, non-execution of labor
lows. In key issues regarding labor unrest sector, investigating the incidents of labor unrest,
bridging, gap between the factory owners and workers and improving low and order situations.
Weakness of Textile Sector in BangladeshHridoykhan50
The textile sector in Bangladesh faces several weaknesses including a lack of local fabric suppliers leading to import dependency, insufficient investment in backward linkages, absence of modern technology and value addition, inability to compete on short lead times, lack of innovation, rising utility costs, recent wage increases for garment workers, and a shortage of skilled local experts and business professionals. Specific problems include unskilled workers, insufficient research and development, safety issues in factories, poor working environments, political instability, long working hours that exceed legal limits, financial burdens from new taxes, inability to match competitors' price cuts, and damage from high-profile incidents like fires and building collapses that hurt the sector's reputation.
Labor Unrest in the Readymade Garment Industry of BangladeshDr. Nazrul Islam
For the last two decades, Ready-Made Garment (RMG) Industry has been the life-blood of the economy of Bangladesh. This sector accounted for about 80% of the total export earnings of the country. In the recent years, it has been observed that the workers have came down in the street and making insurgence on their demand and tried to destruct public properties. As a result, companies are losing working-hours and production targets. It also hampers export earnings and the image of the country to the international markets. In this connection, this study tried to find out the factors behind the unrest in the ready-made garment industry of Bangladesh and identifies some measures to improve the situation. In this study, 244 workers were interviewed from the different garment factories located in Savar and Gazipur district of Bangladesh. Data were analyzed with factor analysis, regression model, and by using other suitable statistical tools. The results show that the main causes of labor unrest include lack of minimum facility and safety at work, sub-standard living conditions, deferred payment of wages and benefits, international conspiracy and coercive role of the law enforcing agency, too much dependency on buyers, pressures from the workers and local terrorists, use of workers by others and rumors, unfulfillment of education demands of their children, distorted minded workers, political instability of the country, too much workload, lack of promotion opportunity, insufficient wages to survive etc. If the policy makers of Bangladesh consider these causes and make policies to overcome the problems the labor unrest in garment sector may be minimized.
The document discusses the ready-made garment industry in Bangladesh. It began growing in the late 1980s and now employs around 1.5 million workers, accounting for 13% of Bangladesh's GDP. The expansion of the industry has significantly increased women's participation in the workforce and economic empowerment. However, the industry faces challenges including infrastructure issues, dependence on imported materials, and risks of political and economic instability. The document recommends improving infrastructure, education, materials sourcing, labor standards, and management skills to strengthen Bangladesh's garment industry.
id 1o, 214,257,284,208 sociology (1).pdfAmanNullah
- The document discusses the mental health issues faced by workers in Bangladesh's ready-made garment industry. It outlines the objectives, methodology, and results of a study analyzing the causes and impacts of mental health problems and how to overcome them.
- The study interviewed 30 workers from 3 factories in July 2023. It found that most workers were female, aged 20-25, had secondary education, and were married. Common mental health issues included stress from heavy workloads and unsafe working conditions.
- To address these issues, the government and factories need to improve workplace policies, safety awareness, and create a more worker-friendly environment with better facilities and compensation for injuries. This will help workers contribute more to Bangladesh's gar
1950 was the beginning of RMG in the Western world. In order to control the level of imported RMG products from developing countries into developed countries, the Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) was made in 1974. In the early 1980s Bangladesh started receiving investment in the RMG sector,then there was about 50 factories.At present more than 4000 garment factory available in Bangladesh.
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Conflict RMG
1. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1700 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2855 (Online)
Vol.2, No.3
76
Female Workers’ Attitudes on Industrial Disputes at RMG Sector
in Bangladesh: An Empirical Analysis
Mohammad Mizenur Rahaman (Corresponding Author)
Assistant Professor
Department of Business Administration
Shahjalal University of Science and Technology
Sylhet -3114, Bangladesh
E-mail: rfi.research.dmr@gmail.com
Alternative E-mail: mizen_397@yahoo.com
Cell: +8801716258962, +8801818970170
Md. Rabiul Islam
Assistant Professor
Department of Business Administration
Bangladesh University
15/1 Iqbal Road, Mohammadpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
E-mail: rabimbadu@yahoo.com
Cell: +8801712004242, +880119717222
Md. Abdullah
Assistant Professor
Department of Marketing
Comilla University
Comilla, Bangladesh
E-mail: mabdullahru@yahoo.com
Cell: +8801552428537
Shah Johir Rayhan
Lecturer
Department of Management and Finance
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University
Dhaka, Bangladesh.
E-mail: johir_rayhan2006@yahoo.com
Cell: +8801712700906
Abstract
Industrial disputes one of the important issues that hindrance the development of the sectoral growth. RMG
sector in Bangladesh is mainly human resource especially women workers intensive industry and they have
remarkable contribution in the economy of Bangladesh. Last few years this sector not contributing as much as
we expected because of industrial disputes narrowing the performance of this sector. As the paramount
proportion of human resources in garment sector are women workers, so their attitudes has significant impact on
2. 77
minimizing industrial disputes and increasing the productivity at garment industry in Bangladesh. In this study,
we have attempted to measure the woman workers attitude on the industrial disputes and its minimization
process for sustainable development of this sector. Mixed research methods were used to analyze female
workers’ attitudes toward the industrial disputes at RMG sector of Bangladesh.
[Keywords: Disputes, Human Resources, development program, skilled, RMG sector]
1. Introduction:
It is well recognized that women’s participation in income generation activities lends them a better status within
the family and provides them with considerable freedom. Role of women in working environment also give
them opportunity to exercise their rights and responsibilities, which contribute organizational as well as
economic development of the country. It also reduces the possibility of domestic violence against women.
Expansion of women’s employment has contributed positively to the improvement of the savings behavior of
the poor people since women tend to be better savers. Employment in the RMG (Ready Made Garments)
industry has provided direct access to cash income for the first time to many poor women. Bangladesh has
abundant human resources especially women workers but most of the human resources are unskilled, not
trained, underutilized and not educated as required. RMG is mainly human resource especially human resources
intensive industry and its paramount proportion of human resources are women workers, so their attitudes has
significant impact on minimizing industrial disputes and improving productivity. RMG is the key contributive
sector in economic development of Bangladesh but it has no proper guideline and systematic policies for human
resource development and sectoral development. That’s why competitiveness of this industries gradually decline
in domestic as well as international market and sustainable development was questionable? In Bangladesh
maximum proportion of the garments workers are women, so their contribution is obligatory in organizational
development, individual development, and industrial development to achieve ultimate goals of the RMG sector.
The garments industry has been leading the Bangladesh economy since the early 1990s. Garments are the
country’s principal export making up about 70% of total exports, and the industry is a symbol of the country’s
dynamism in the world economy. The industry is also the main non-farm formal sector creating employment
opportunities for the poor. The greater part of the workforce is female; less educated, and has migrated from
rural areas. Thus, the garment industry is seen as contributing to poverty reduction in Bangladesh by providing
employment opportunities with higher wages for the poor who would otherwise be engaged in low-wage
economic activities in rural areas. If it is possible to minimize industrial disputes by contributing women
workers the sector will maintained their leadership in domestic country and will dominant in the International
market.
2. Scenario of RMG sector in Bangladesh:
The RMG sector in Bangladesh has emerged as the biggest earner of foreign currency. The RMG sector has
experienced an exponential growth since the 1980s. The sector contributes significantly to the GDP. It also
provides employment to around 2 million Bangladeshis. An overwhelming number of workers in this sector are
women. In the 1980s, there were only 50 factories employing only a few thousand people. Currently, there over
5,000 manufacturing units. The RMG sector contributes around 75 percent to the total export earnings of the
country. The RMG sector is expected to grow despite the global financial crisis of 2009. As China is finding it
challenging to make textile and foot wear items at cheap price, due to rising labor costs, many foreign investors,
are coming to Bangladesh to take advantage of the low labor cost. Garment sector is the largest employer of
women in Bangladesh. The garment sector has provided employment opportunities to women from the rural
areas that previously did not have any opportunity to be part of the formal workforce. This has given women the
chance to be financially independent and have a voice in the family because now they contribute financially.
However, the women workers are facing many problems. Most women come from low income families. Low
wage of women workers and their compliancy have enabled the industry to compete with the world market.
Women are paid far less than men mainly due to their lack education. Women are reluctant to unionize because
factory owners threaten to fire them. Even though trade unionization is banned inside the Export Processing
Zones (EPZ), the working environment is better than that of the majority of garment factories that operate
outside the EPZs. But, pressure from buyers to abide by labor codes has enabled factories to maintain
satisfactory working conditions. In recent times, garment workers have protested against their low wages. The
first protests broke out in 2006, and since then, there have been periodic protests by the workers. This has forced
the government to increase minimum wages of workers (http://www.bizbangladesh.com/business-news-
2583.php).
3. Statement of the Problem:
3. 78
In Bangladesh RMG sector and its related business is an indispensable sector, which contributes significantly to
earn foreign currency. Industrial disputes hampered the productivity of the garments industry. Women are
playing imperative role in this sector. So, attitudes of the women workers and their contribution are very
important to minimize industrial disputes and increasing productivity for the development of this sector.
4. Objectives of the study:
The main objective is to measure attitudes workers on industrial disputes in ready-made garments industry of
Bangladesh especially the female workers' attitudes. The major objectives of the present study are -
to know the sources of industrial disputes and the current situation in the RMG sector in Bangladesh;
to assess female workers' attitude on industrial disputes of the industry;
to identify the process of solving industrial disputes; and
to recommend some guidelines to remove industrial disputes to increase productivity in RMG sector of
Bangladesh.
5. Rationale of the Study:
Bangladesh earned a remarkable percentage of the foreign currency from export earnings of the RMG goods in
the global competitive market. This sector provided plenty employment scope for skilled and unskilled labor
especially for women workers in Bangladesh. Only the important factor behind the getting competitive advantage
is easy access to unskilled labor. As the majority proportion of the workers in the garment industry is the female
workers, development of the sector mostly depends on the commitment and contribution of these female workers.
Their views, idea or innovative thinking and conflict free environment may play a vital role for sustaining
competitive advantage of this sector. However, industrial disputes in this sector hampered expected growth and
development in last few years where female workers could play contributory role for minimizing this. However,
there is no in-depth study was conducted in this sector for identifying reasons of industrial dispute and measuring
attitudes of workers on industrial disputes especially for women workers. Hence, the study is rationale for
measuring attitudes of the women workers on industrial disputes at RMG sector for improving
productivity and ensuring collusion free working environment.
6. Literature Review:
Industrial dispute may be defined as disagreement between the employer and employees or between groups of
workers. Industrial disputes are divided into two categories are i) due to economic causes and ii) due to political
causes.
Industrial disputes do not always occur because of failure of management and trade unions to come an
agreement. In Bangladesh, Inter and intra trade union rivalries, political issues and token and sympathy strikes
often contribute significantly to the national loss of output and employment. The latter types of phenomena are
classified as disputes emanating from political causes (HIID, 2000). The system of industrial relations “is
regarded as composed of certain actors, certain contexts, an ideology that binds the industrial relations system
together, and a body of rules created to govern the actors at the work place and work community” (Dunlop,
1993, p. 47). Kochan and Mckersie (1990) stated, “The U.S. industrial relations will continue to display
considerable diversity across industries, firms unions, and occupations. Moreover, there is every reason to
expect that the future will continue to be characterized not only by the historic dynamic interplay between union
and non-union systems but also by an increasing variety of arrangements governing employment relationships.”.
Concerning the negotiation between labor and management, Nash’s (1950) bargaining theory specifies how
negotiators should divide the pie, which involves “a determination of the amount of satisfaction each individual
should expect to get from the situation, or, rather, a determination of how much it should be worth to each of
these individuals to have this opportunity to bargain”.
There are many ways to demonstrate the strike by the laborers. In the developing countries, if a new agreement
between labor and management does not occur, a strike may be the result after the date of an agreement has
expired. Unless the new agreement has been approved and the dispute has ended, the work in the firms will not
proceed as usual (WU, 2000). However, wages are poor, and working conditions are atrocious, which is
considered as economic reason of industrial disputes in RMG sector of Bangladesh. But, the multimillion-dollar
garment industry is a major draw for women who migrate to urban areas in Bangladesh in search of work
(Absar, 2001). As they are unskilled, their wages and other benefits are not so high. On the other hand supply of
unskilled labor is greater than demand in RMG sector thus the wage discrimination is very high in different
garments factories which is the another reason of industrial disputes. However, female workers could not played
significant role in making industrial disputes in RMG sector of Bangladesh (The daily star, 2009). Nevertheless,
4. 79
they may have contributory role in reducing or settlement of industrial disputes in this sector for increasing
productivity and increasing efficiency of this sector.
7. Methodology of the Study:
7.1 Population and Sample:
As the study is about the attitudes of female workers on Industrial disputes, so population included mainly
female workers and some executives of RMG sector. Sample size estimated 300 female workers and 30
executives of the 10 garments factory in the garment industry.
7.2 Method of Data Collection:
The sample was selected using non-random opportunity sampling technique as the most garment workers lived
Dhaka city. In this study, structured questionnaire were used to collect primary data from the respondents while
secondary data also used to increase strength of literature review.
7.3 Data Analysis technique:
We have used descriptive statistics, regression analysis, ANOVA and Chi square tests to analyze data
efficiently.
8. Research Hypothesis:
Since the attitudes of the women-workers and their contribution are very important to minimize industrial
disputes and increasing productivity for the development of this sector. Therefore, hypothesis for this study is:
H1: There is no significant impact of women workers role to minimize industrial disputes and increasing
productivity in RMG sector of Bangladesh.
H2: There is a significant impact of women workers role to minimize industrial disputes and increasing
productivity in RMG sector of Bangladesh.
9. Findings and Analysis:
9.1 Present scenario of industrial disputes in RMG sector of Bangladesh:
Bangladesh should prioritize to minimize disputes in Ready-made Garment (RMG) sector to ensure best use of
skill and technology simultaneously to face the challenges in the sector with the phasing out of Multi-Fibre
Arrangement (MFA). Therefore, felt that future implications should be considered with utmost importance as
this sector is a substantial employer of female workforce and it was felt necessary to take measures to protect
such disaster in RMG sector as predicted by industry experts (Talukder, 2008). However, no in-depth study was
conducted on amount of productivity losses, losses for labor unrest etc. in different financial year because of
industrial disputes in RMG sector.
Bangladesh – German Development Cooperation compiled different news on RMG sector and published as
media report of RMG issues. Few selected reports on RMG sector of industrial disputes of August, 2010 to
January, 2011 discussed here for understanding the situation of industrial disputes at RMG in Bangladesh.
9.1.1 Report-1: Business leaders for stern action against RMG troublemakers:
Terming the RMG the country's largest foreign currency earning and the most labor intensive sector, the
statement said it contributes to about 80 per cent of the export earnings and employs over 2.5 million workers.
However, the labor unrest is common in the country for last several years, but there has not been any exemplary
disciplinary action taken against those who have displayed repeated violent actions, it added (The Financial
Express, Monday, August 02, 2010)
9.1.2 Report-2: Buyers blame mistrust, rude behavior for RMG unrest. It will be complicated to increase
apparel prices, say importers (The New Age, Wednesday, August 04, 2010).
9.1.3 Report-3: RMG Unrest
Six female workers arrested
Nine workers held for RMG unrest. Rab claims to have identified them from video footage, newspaper images
(The Daily Star, Saturday, August 07, 2010).
9.1.4 Report-4: RMG troublemakers to face punitive action
Punitive action will be taken against any troublemakers who try to create chaos in the garments sector in the
name of wage and bonus ahead of Eid. The police alongside Rapid Action Battalion (Rab) will be on alert to
control the law and order situation during Eid. (The Daily Star, Sunday, September 05, 2010).
9.1.5 Report-5: Fresh violence rocks garment sector before Eid
5. 80
Garment workers Wednesday blockaded highways demanding full payments of arrears, festival allowances,
overtime bill and other financial benefits. The fresh wave of protests in Manikganj and Gazipur signals the
recurrence of violent unrest in the apparel industry ahead of Eid. The street violence temporarily disrupted
vehicular movements on the highways, causing sufferings to the homebound passengers. (The Financial
Express, Thursday, September 09, 2010)
9.1.6 Report-6: Workers Vandalize RMG factory
Readymade garment workers have vandalised a factory at Ashulia demanding eight-hour workday and
punishment for those responsible for assaulting a co-worker. A number of agitating workers told bdnews24.com
that their movement would continue until their demands were met. (The New Age, Sunday, September 26,
2010)
9.1.7 Report-7: RMG workers clash, 15 hurt
At least 15 people, including eight policemen, were injured during the agitation of garment workers in the
capital's Tejgaon Industrial Area yesterday morning (The Daily Star, Tuesday, October 05, 2010).
9.1.8 Report-08: Apparel workers hurt in police attack on protest rally
At least 15 workers of a garment factory were injured as the police charged at them with truncheons on Tuesday
morning when they were out on demonstrations on the Nabinagar–Kaliakair Road at Palashbari at Savar in
protest at the closure of their apparel factory for an indefinite period (The New Age, Wednesday, October 13,
2010).
9.1.9 Report-9: Garment workers ransack factory in Gazipur
Garment workers in Gazipur took to the streets on Tuesday demanding advance payment of their wages in
accordance to the new pay scale, police and witnesses said. The workers of Aman Cotton Fabrics Factory at the
Boiragir Chala area under Shreepur Upazila stopped their work and ransacked the factory (The New Age,
Wednesday, November 03, 2010).
9.1.10 Report -10: Apparel factory shut in DEPZ
Authorities closed down the Actor Sporting Ltd, in the old zone of the Dhaka Export Procession Zone at Savar,
on Sunday after 25 people were injured in clashes on Saturday between the police and the workers who were
rallying for increased wages and job security (The New Age, Monday, November 29, 2010).
9.1.11 Report -11: Trade unions can remove unrest from garment sector
Workers’ leaders and right activists on Tuesday stressed the need for introduction of trade unionism in all
business sectors, including the informal ones, and observed that the garment industries might not have
undergone the recent disruptions if trade unions had been in place (The New Age, Wednesday, December 22,
2010).
Table-1.1 Reporting on Industrial disputes on RMG sector in different news media of Bangladesh
Time period
Report on Industrial
disputes
Others
Labor unrest report
Total
August, 2010 03 06 09
September, 2010 02 02 04
October, 2010 03 0 03
November, 2010 07 0 07
December, 2010 04 0 04
January, 2011 02 01 03
Total 30
Source: Authors own construction based on media report on RMG (August, 2010-January, 2011)
9.1.12 Report -12: RMG industry crisis: How to solve it
The garment industry is a rising one in the country. About 3.5 million workers are engaged in this sector. Most
of them are women. The importance of this sector in the national economy is immense. Since Global Supply
Chain conducts this sector, any incident in this sector becomes a much talked about topic nationally and
internationally. Besides, there has arisen a possibility of exporting ready-made garments to Japan, India, China,
South Africa, Brazil and some other countries of the world (The Financial Express, Saturday, January 08, 2011).
6. 81
9.2 Results:
By using, scaling techniques with a structured questionnaire for measuring attitudes of female workers on
industrial disputes in the RMG sector in Bangladesh survey found some important aspects. The respondents
were the female workers and some executives of the different garments factory. In the structured questionnaire,
they were given options to check attitudes on some selected factors of reasons and resolution of industrial
disputes. The study we have found most of the female workers considered 50% industrial disputes is very high
while no one commented that disputes are low or very low (Table-2A on variable IDR). Among the respondents,
86% think that employees are responsible for industrial disputes in RMG sector while only 8% give their
opinion on employers side but only 6% think both parties may responsible for generating industrial disputes in
this sector. Again, respondents give their arguments that main reason of industrial disputes is the low salary,
which is 94% ((Table-2A on variable IDW). Mean while less than 30% female workers participate in industrial
disputes on which gives opinion about 66% respondents (Table-2A on variable IDF). On the issue of impact of
industrial disputes, 84% interviewee replied that industrial disputes decreases productivity in RMG sector of
Bangladesh. Though for settling industrial disputes all parties cooperation is very important but 54% and 32%
respondent replied Govt. intervention and employers are responsible for settling industrial disputes respectively
(Table-2A on variable IDS). Side by side, most of the respondents’ (about 84%) belief govt. should have policy
to solve industrial disputes in this sector (Table-2A on variable IDG).
9.3 Regression and Chi square test:
Analysis found relationship between status of industrial disputes and variables of attitudes on industrial disputes
like sources of industrial disputes, responsible parties of industrial disputes, impact, and responsible parties for
solving industrial disputes (Table # 2A). and linear regression is significant on the basis of relationship of
dependent and independent variable. From the development of hypothesis was there is no significant impact of
women workers role to minimize industrial disputes and increasing productivity in RMG sector of Bangladesh
i,e significant level =0’ in ANOVA and Chi-square test Analysis ( table # 2B & 2D). So, it indicates null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative is accepted so, There is a significant impact of women workers role to
minimize industrial disputes and increasing productivity in RMG sector of Bangladesh. In conclusion, we can
say, female workers attitudes on different aspects are very much important for minimizing industrial disputes in
RMG sector in Bangladesh.
10. Conclusions & Recommendations:
The industrial relation system is pre-dominantly confrontational in nature rather than cooperative in Bangladesh.
Industrial disputes is one of the important issues which is the result of Gap between the expectation of labor and
management rather than logical. In recent times the rate of productivity is decreasing in the RMG sector, trade
union affiliation is low in Bangladesh compared to many other developing countries. The main reasons for this
are the mistrust between labor and management, demand supply gap of women workers, lack of initiative
settling disputes for long run, lack of awareness and not taking a role of female workers to resolve disputes in
RMG.
References:
Absar, S.S. (2001) Problems surrounding wages the RMG sector in Bangladesh, Labor and Management in
development Journal, 2 (7): 1-17.
Afsar, R. 1998. Poverty, work, health and sexual behavior of women and men in garment factories in Dhaka,
Bangladesh. ACTIONAID Bangladesh.
BGMEA RMG Export Statistics.
Dunlop, J. T. (1993). Industrial relations systems. ( Rev. ed.) Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
Garment Workers in Bangladesh.”
HIID working paper (2000), “an economic analysis of industrial disputes in Bangladesh”, paper no.-18.
http://www.bizbangladesh.com/business-news-2583.php. visit date: 18th September 2010
Kochan, T. A. and Mckersie, R. B. (1990). The transformation of American industrial relations. New York:
Basic Books, Inc., Publishers.
Nash, J. (1950). The bargaining problem. Econometrica, 18: 155-162.
7. 82
Media report (2011), “Media report of RMG issues”, compiled and published by PROGRESS (Promotion of
social, environmental and production standards in RMG sector), Bangladesh and German cooperation and
Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Talukder, O.G. (2008), “Mainstreaming of Gender in Trade Negotiations Experience of RMG Sector in
Bangladesh”, International conferences on moving towards gender sensitization of trade program, UNCTAD,
India.
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Appendices
Appendix Table # 1
Short form Variable Name
IDR Status of industrial disputes in RMG sector of B.D.
IDW Industrial disputes from workers side
IDE Industrial disputes from employers side
IDO Opinion about short term industrial disputes
IDS Responsible party of settlement Industrial disputes
IDM Method of Industrial disputes resolution
IDG Opinion on Govt. role of Industrial disputes resolution
IDU Understanding Industrial disputes
IDN Source of Industrial disputes
IDF Participation in Industrial disputes of female workers
IDP Impact of Industrial disputes on Productivity
Appendix Table # 2: Study on attitudes of female workers on industrial disputes
Appendix Table # 2.1: Descriptive Statistics
N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation
Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Std. Error Statistic
IDU 300 1 2 1.02 .008 .140
IDN 300 1 3 1.20 .031 .530
IDW 300 1 4 1.16 .037 .645
IDE 300 1 4 3.14 .058 1.002
Var_5 300 1 5 2.26 .073 1.264
Var_6 300 1 2 1.16 .021 .367
IDO 300 1 3 1.38 .038 .661
IDS 300 1 4 2.26 .054 .936
IDM 300 1 5 2.26 .064 1.112
IDG 300 1 2 1.16 .021 .367
Valid N (list wise) 300
8. 83
IDR
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Moderate 24 7.1 8.0 8.0
High 126 37.1 42.0 50.0
Very High 150 44.1 50.0 100.0
Total 300 88.2 100.0
IDU
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Yes 294 86.5 98.0 98.0
No 6 1.8 2.0 100.0
Total 300 88.2 100.0
IDN
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Worker's Side 258 75.9 86.0 86.0
Employers' side 24 7.1 8.0 94.0
Both 18 5.3 6.0 100.0
Total 300 88.2 100.0
IDW
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Low salary 282 82.9 94.0 94.0
Delay Promotion 6 1.8 2.0 96.0
Low payment of Overtime 12 3.5 4.0 100.0
Total 300 88.2 100.0
IDE
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Trade Union 12 3.5 4.0 4.0
Low Productivity 96 28.2 32.0 36.0
Political Unrest 30 8.8 10.0 46.0
Others 162 47.6 54.0 100.0
Total 300 88.2 100.0
9. 84
IDF
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid <10% 108 31.8 36.0 36.0
11-30% 90 26.5 30.0 66.0
31-60% 36 10.6 12.0 78.0
61-80% 48 14.1 16.0 94.0
>80% 18 5.3 6.0 100.0
Total 300 88.2 100.0
IDP
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Yes 252 74.1 84.0 84.0
No 48 14.1 16.0 100.0
Total 300 88.2 100.0
IDO
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Harmful 216 63.5 72.0 72.0
Not Bad 54 15.9 18.0 90.0
Good 30 8.8 10.0 100.0
IDS
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Employer 96 28.2 32.0 32.0
Workers 36 10.6 12.0 44.0
Govt. 162 47.6 54.0 98.0
Trade union 6 1.8 2.0 100.0
Total 300 88.2 100.0
IDM
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Negotiation with Employees 120 35.3 40.0 40.0
Negotiation with Trade Union 6 1.8 2.0 42.0
Govt. Intervention 162 47.6 54.0 96.0
10. 85
Other 12 3.5 4.0 100.0
Total 300 88.2 100.0
IDG
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Yes 252 74.1 84.0 84.0
No 48 14.1 16.0 100.0
Total 300 88.2 100.0
Table # 2B: Regression Analysis of female workers’ attitudes on industrial disputes
Descriptive Statistics
Mean Std. Deviation N
IDR 4.42 .636 300
IDW 1.16 .645 300
IDE 3.14 1.002 300
IDO 1.38 .661 300
IDS 2.26 .936 300
IDM 2.26 1.112 300
IDG 1.16 .367 300
ANOVAb
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 14.044 6 2.341 6.407 .000a
Residual 107.036 293 .365
Total 121.080 299
a. Predictors: (Constant), IDG, IDM, IDO, IDE, IDW, IDS
b. Dependent Variable: IDR
Coefficientsa
Model
Unstandardized Coefficients
Standardized
Coefficients
B Std. Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) 4.514 .197 22.955 .000
IDW .104 .059 .105 1.764 .079
IDE .063 .036 .099 1.748 .081
IDO -.105 .054 -.109 -1.937 .054
IDS -.175 .041 -.258 -4.244 .000
11. 86
IDM -.061 .034 -.107 -1.785 .075
IDG .231 .100 .133 2.307 .022
a. Dependent Variable: IDR
Appendix Table # 2C: Chi-Square Tests
IDR
Observed N Expected N Residual
Moderate 24 100.0 -76.0
High 126 100.0 26.0
Very High 150 100.0 50.0
Total 300
IDW
Observed N Expected N Residual
Low salary 282 100.0 182.0
Delay Promotion 6 100.0 -94.0
Low payment of Overtime 12 100.0 -88.0
Total 300
IDE
Observed N Expected N Residual
Trade Union 12 75.0 -63.0
Low Productivity 96 75.0 21.0
Political Unrest 30 75.0 -45.0
Others 162 75.0 87.0
Total 300
Test Statistics
IDR IDW IDE
Chi-Square 89.520a
497.040a
186.720b
df 2 2 3
Asymp. Sig. .000 .000 .000
a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected frequencies less than 5.
The minimum expected cell frequency is 100.0.
b. 0 cells (.0%) have expected frequencies less than 5.
The minimum expected cell frequency is 75.0.