There is a Malay proverb says, "A small fire became friends, when the fire grows it will become our enemies" or in equivalent English proverb, "A small leak will sink a great ship." Malay proverbs are a word that is consistent with the use of fire in daily life. While fire is a necessity in daily life, it can be dangerous if not properly controlled. Fires are a chemical reaction in which heat and light are generated, which in turn produces smoke. There is a saying that "Prevent Is Better Than Treating". The question now is "How do you prevent a fire, if you don't know the cause". Therefore, it is necessary to understand how a fire can occur. Fire will only happen if there are three elements that combine to help fuel the flame, such as wood, paper and oil, air to supply oxygen and temperature or heat to generate heat or flames. The picture shows a triangle of fire where all three elements combine to produce a fire. Read more: https://amzn.to/2PWON4E

1. Concise Edition: INDUSTRIAL
SAFETY, FIRE SAFETY
by Ir. MD Nursyazwi Bin Haji Mohammad
All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by
any means, including scanning, photocopying, or otherwise without prior written
permission of the copyright holder. Copyright © 2019

2. Table of Contents
1. FOREWORD
2. OBJECTIVES
3. INTRODUCTION
4. FACTORS OF FIRE
4.1. FIRE CLASS
4.2. HOW FIRE SPREAD
4.2.1. CONVECTION
4.2.2. CONDUCTION
4.2.3. RADIATION
5. FIRE EXTINCTION: Methods and
Approaches
5.1. STARVATION
5.2. SMOTHERING
5.3. COOLING
5.4. BREAK THE CHAIN REACTION
6. FIRE EXTINGUISHER
6.1. CATEGORY
6.2. HOW TO USE
7. FIRE PREVENTION
7.1. FIRE RISK MANAGEMENT
7.2. EQUIPMENT
7.2.1. ACTIVE PROTECTION
7.2.2. PASSIVE PROTECTION

3. 1. FOREWORD
There is a Malay proverb says, "A small fire became friends, when the fire grows it will
become our enemies" or in equivalent English proverb, "A small leak will sink a great ship."
Malay proverbs are a word that is consistent with the use of fire in daily life. While fire is a
necessity in daily life, it can be dangerous if not properly controlled. Fires are a chemical
reaction in which heat and light are generated, which in turn produces smoke.
There is a saying that "Prevent Is Better Than Treating". The question now is "How do you
prevent a fire, if you don't know the cause". Therefore, it is necessary to understand how a
fire can occur.
Ir. MD Nursyazwi Bin Haji Mohammad
Author

4. 2. OBJECTIVES
General objectives:
1. Learn the basic concepts of fire
2. Find out how the fire spreads and how to put out fires.
3. Understand the use of Fire Extinguishers.
4. Find out about fire prevention and fire prevention tools.
5. State the method of reading the safety action plan and the location of the fire.
Specific objectives:
At the end of this unit you should be able to:
1. Specifies how the fire is generated, how the fire spreads and how to extinguish the
fire.
2. Differentiate fire classes and fire extinguishers.
3. Using the Fire Extinguisher.
4. State the risks of fire management and use of fire prevention equipment.
5. State the method of reading the safety action plan and specify the location of the
fire.

5. 3. INTRODUCTION
Fire will only happen if there are three elements that combine to help fuel the flame, such
as wood, paper and oil, air to supply oxygen and temperature or heat to generate heat or
flames. The picture shows a triangle of fire where all three elements combine to produce a
fire.
The fire not only resulted in the loss and destruction of property but also loss of life.
Therefore, it is important that we know the causes of the fire. The common causes of fire
in the workplace are as follows:
1. Welding sparks, fireworks and so on.
2. Mosquito coils, matches, cigarette butts.
3. Gas leakage or compression.
4. Mechanical heat caused by friction.
While the cause of the fire caused by electricity is as follows:
1. Short circuit due to cable insulation cracks.
2. Excess load power flow.
3. Local heating at the terminal due to loose connection.
4. Incorrect installation in terms of wire and fuse size.
5. Leakage of electrical current due to cable or insulation damage.