The document provides an overview of computer parts and their functions, including the computer case, motherboard, CPU, RAM, GPU, and various storage devices like HDDs and SSDs. It also describes common input and output devices such as keyboards, mice, monitors, and peripherals like printers and scanners. Understanding these components helps in grasping how a computer operates effectively.

1. C O M P U T E R
F U N C T I O N
MAR K AN D IE R AMOS
MIC R OC ITY
( A l l C o m p o n e n t s )
P a r t s o f

2. Introduction
Going over the basic parts of a computer and their
functions will help you understand all the vital
components.
• Basic Parts of the Computer
• Parts of the Mother Board
• Input and Output Devices
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3. Overview
Knowing what the computer parts are is good, but we will explain each part’s function, giving
you a firmer understanding of them.
Basic Parts Input Device Output Device
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4. Computer Parts 4

5. Computer Parts
1. Compute r Case /
System Unit
• This component holds all of
the physical parts of a
computer system.
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6. Computer Parts
2. Motherboard
• The motherboard is the main
board mounted directly inside
the computer case. All other
cards plug directly into the
motherboard, hence its name.
• It is a printed circuit board in
which the CPU, RAM, drives,
power supply, expansion
cards, and more are plugged
into it.
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7. Computer Parts
3. Ce ntral Proc e ssing
Unit (CPU)
• The CPU or central
processing unit is basically
like the brain of computer
systems. It processes all the
information on a
computational level.
• It takes all the processes
from the RAM and processes
them to perform the tasks
required by the computer
system.
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8. Computer Parts
4. Random A c c e ss
Memor y (RAM)
• a data storage device that
can provide fast read and
write access. RAM is volatile
memory, meaning it loses all
the stored data when power
is lost.
• The RAM keeps data ready
for the CPU to process. The
RAM speed is a big
contributor to the overall
speed of a computer system.
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9. Computer Parts
5. Graphic s Card or
Graphics Processing
U nit (GPU )
• A graphics card is an output
device that processes the
data from the motherboard
and sends the appropriate
information to the computer ’s
screen for display.
• It can also be referred to as a
video or display card.
• can connect monitors to it
using HDMI, DisplayPort,
DVI, or VGA connectors.
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10. Computer Parts
6. Sound Card
• Most of the time, the sound
chip built into the
motherboard is used for audio
output.
• Sound cards plug into a
computer in multiple ways. It
can be through USB, PCI
slot, or PCI Express x 1 slot.
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11. Computer Parts
7. Hard Disk Drive
(HDD)
• A hard drive is still found in
many PCs to this day. A
mechanical drive’s purpose is
to store all your information
for retrieval at any time.
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12. Computer Parts
8. Solid State Drive
(SSD)
• An SSD is also a type of hard
drive, but it doesn’t have any
moving bits. It consists of a
bank of flash memory that
can hold a reasonable amount
of information.
• However, the SSD is a high -
performance drive. It’s fast
and cannot be as easily
damaged by dropping it or
taking a few bumps.
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13. Computer Parts
9. Powe r Supply Unit
(PSU)
• A power supply unit mounts
inside the computer case. It
converts the AC mains supply
from the power cord from a
wall socket and supplies the
correct DC voltages to all the
parts of a computer.
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14. Computer Parts
10. Monitor or Visual
Display Unit (VDU)
• A monitor is an output device
to visualize the graphics
information sent from the
computer ’s GPU.
• There are various types of
monitors on the market. An
LED (Light Emitting Diode)
backlit LCD (Liquid Crystal
Display) monitor is the most
commonly used with a modern
PC.
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15. Computer Parts
11. Ke yboard
• A keyboard is an input device
that is one of the ways to
communicate with a
computer. Typing a key from
the keyboard sends a small
portion of information to tell
it which key was pressed.
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16. Computer Parts
12. Mouse
• A mouse is an input device
that allows the user to move
a pointer displayed on the
monitor and experience a
more intuitive interaction with
computer systems.
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17. Common peripheral parts for
Computer
1. Printe r & Sc anne r
• A printer can take an image
sent by a computer and
deliver it onto a sheet of
paper.
• A scanner can take anything
on paper, and it functions by
scanning it to produce a
replicated digital image for a
computer to save.
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18. Common peripheral parts for
Computer
2. Compute r Spe ake r
• Speakers can connect to the
sound card at the rear of the
computer.
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3. Mic rophone
• A microphone is essential for
anyone who requires decent
audio recording or capturing.
They can range widely in
price, from extremely cheap
to very expensive, depending
on the individual’s profession
or application.

19. Common peripheral parts for
Computer
4. Came ra or We bc am
• Desktop users often use
cameras when they’re not
using a laptop or other
portable communication
device with an inbuilt camera.
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20. Computer Parts
Sof tware
• Apart from storing information
for your computer, hard disk
drives also function as a boot
drive to run the operating
system (OS) from it. You can
install operating systems of
many different kinds
depending on your needs.
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1. Operating System
2. Productivity Software
3. Web Browsers
4. Media Browsers
5. Graphic Design Software
6. Antivirus and Security
Software
7. Development Tools
Sof tware Ex ample

21. Input & Output Devices
Input De v ic e
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Touchpad
• Scanner
• Webcam
• Microphone
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• Monitor
• Printer
• Speaker
• Projector
Output De v ic e

22. Thank you
Mark Andie A. Ramos
Microcity Balanga Bataan
Reference:
https://computerinfobits.com/parts-of-
computer-and-their-functions/
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