Computer languages allow humans to communicate with computers. There are two main types: low-level languages like machine language using 1s and 0s that are easy for computers to understand but hard for humans, and high-level languages like Python and Java that use words and symbols humans can understand but require compilation. Low-level languages interact directly with hardware while high-level languages are portable, easier to execute but less efficient in memory usage. High-level languages are more commonly used today.

1. Computer Language
By Varun Thapa
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2. Topic Cover :-
What is Computer Language ?
Classification of Computer Language.
Difference Between Low level and High
level Language.
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3. What is Computer Language?
 A computer cannot understand human languages
directly. So, we need a language to communicate
with a computer. We developed several languages
as a method of computer communications. Simply,
the languages which are used to communicate with
a computer are called computer languages.
 Definition :
A computer language is a group of
instructions that are used to create computer
programs. This is the brief of computer
languages. The main goal is to achieve human-
computer interaction.
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4. Classification of
Computer language:
Machine
Language
Low Level Language High Level Language
Assembly
Language
Example:
• C
• C++
• Java
• Python
Etc.
Example:
0’s and 1’s
Example:
ADD A
SUB B, etc.
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5. LOW LEVEL LANGUAGE:
 A Low-level computer language includes only
1’s and 0’s. This language was used in first
and second generation computers. A Low level
language is very easily understood by a
computer but hard to understand for Humans.
 Low level languages are designed to interact
with computer hardware, which are
categorized into two types:
 Machine level language and Assembly level
language
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6. 1. MACHINE LEVEL LANGUAGE
 As discussed above, Machine level language is a
type of Low level language. Machine language is
considered to be the oldest computer language.
Machine language is developed by only using binary
numbers i.e., 0 and 1. So, the instructions or the
statements in this language use a sequence of 0’s
and 1’s.
 Example of machine code : 1101110101
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7. 2. ASSEMBLY LEVEL LANGUAGE
 Assembly level language in computer programming
has evolved with the advancements in the machine
language. Assembly language uses symbols, which
are popularly known as mnemonics in computer
terminology to write the instructions. So,
comparatively writing a program in Assembly
language is more understandable to the Human than
Machine Language.
 Example Of mnemonics : LOAD r2, CLR, MOV,MOVL
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8. HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE
 High Level computer languages are the
advanced development languages in the
evolution of computer languages. These
languages are designed to make the
programming easier and less error-free.
 High level language uses words and commands
along with symbols and numbers.
 The keywords used in High level languages
are similar to English words and can be
easily understood by Humans when compared to
a Low level language.
 Example : C , C++ , Java , Python
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9. Difference Between
High Level Language
and
Low Level Language:
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10. Parameter High-Level Language Low-Level Language
Basic These are programmer-
friendly languages that are
manageable, easy to
understand, debug, and
widely used in today’s
times.
These are machine-
friendly languages that are
very difficult to
understand by human
beings but easy to
interpret by machines.
Ease of
Execution
These are very easy to
execute.
These are very difficult to
execute.
Process of
Translation
High-level languages
require the use of a
compiler or an interpreter
for their translation into
the machine code.
Low-level language
requires an assembler for
directly translating the
instructions of the
machine language.
Efficiency of
Memory
These languages have a
very low memory
efficiency. It means that
they consume more
memory than any low-
level language.
These languages have a
very high memory
efficiency. It means that
they consume less energy
as compared to any high-
level language.
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11. Parameter High-Level Language Low-Level Language
Portability These are portable from
any one device to another.
A user cannot port these
from one device to
another.
Dependency on
Machines
High-level languages do
not depend on machines.
Low-level languages are
machine-dependent and
thus very difficult to
understand by a normal
user.
Usage High-level languages are
very common and widely
used for programming in
today’s times.
Low-level languages are
not very common
nowadays for
programming.
Need of
Hardware
One does not require a
knowledge of hardware for
writing programs.
Having knowledge of
hardware is a prerequisite
to writing programs.
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