Computer
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The document discusses the history and types of computers. It notes that the first computer was invented at the University of Pennsylvania and that IBM created the first computer operating system in 1985. It describes microcomputers as small, inexpensive personal computers first exemplified by the 1973 Altair, mini computers as larger than micros and used in banks and universities with the first being the 1960 PDP-1, and mainframes as very powerful, large and expensive with the first being the 1946 Harvard Mark I weighing 5 tons. The document also mentions supercomputers as the most powerful for applications like weather forecasting, with the first being the CDC 6600 designed by Seymour Cray. It concludes by listing common computer parts.
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The evolution of the computers
The document traces the evolution of computers from early mechanical calculating devices to modern digital computers. It notes key developments such as the abacus in 3000 BC, Pascal's calculator in 1642, Babbage's Analytical Engine in the 1830s, the first programmable computer by Ada Lovelace, and the first general purpose electronic digital computer (ENIAC) in 1945. The document also discusses the transition from vacuum tubes to transistors to integrated circuits, and the emergence of microprocessors, personal computers, and artificial intelligence.
History and generation of a computer
Here are the answers to your questions:
1. Computer generations refer to the different stages in the technological development of computers based on major technological advances. Each generation has significant improvements in components, performance and cost from the previous generation.
2. The different computer generations are:
- First generation (1946-1958): Used vacuum tubes, magnetic drums for memory. Examples: ENIAC, UNIVAC.
- Second generation (1959-1964): Used transistors instead of vacuum tubes, magnetic core memory. Examples: IBM 1401, IBM 1620.
- Third generation (1965-1974): Used integrated circuits, semiconductor memory. Examples: IBM 360, PDP-8.
- Fourth generation (1975-1990
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The document provides a detailed history of the development of computers from early calculating devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes the key developments and inventors that contributed to progress in five generations of computers. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were large, slow, and unreliable. The second generation used transistors, making computers smaller, faster, and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits, further improving computers.
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- The document discusses the history and evolution of computers from early manual calculating devices like the abacus to modern electronic computers.
- It describes the development of early mechanical calculators in the 17th-19th centuries and the first programmable computers of the 1940s like ENIAC and UNIVAC.
- The generations of computers are defined from the first generation of vacuum tube computers to modern fifth generation AI-powered computers.
- Different types of computers are outlined including supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers, workstations, and personal computers which are further divided into tower, portable, notebook, subnotebook, and laptop models.
COMPUTER. BASICS.pptx
A computer is a programmable electronic device that accepts data as input, processes it, and displays output. It is composed of hardware and software and can perform tasks like calculations very quickly and accurately. Computers range in size from small handheld devices to large supercomputers and can be specialized for different purposes. The earliest computing devices were mechanical, while modern computers are electronic and digital. Important early electronic computers include the ENIAC, EDVAC, and UNIVAC. Microcomputers and personal computers revolutionized computing, starting with the Altair and the Apple I.
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There are four main types of computers: supercomputers, mainframe computers, minicomputers, and microcomputers. Supercomputers are the most powerful and are used for specialized tasks like research and modeling. Mainframe computers are also powerful and used by large organizations to process and store large amounts of data. Minicomputers are smaller than mainframes and used by small businesses for department-specific tasks. Microcomputers are the smallest and most affordable, including desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones used by individuals.
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The document summarizes the evolution of computers from the 1940s to present day in generations. The first generation used vacuum tubes and filled entire rooms. The second generation used transistors and were more compact. The third generation used integrated circuits and supported more users and remote communication. The fourth generation used large-scale integration, leading to smaller mini computers and PCs.
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This document provides a brief history of computers from ancient times to the modern era. It discusses early counting devices like the abacus and programmable clocks from the 13th century. Mechanical calculators and looms controlled by punch cards were invented in the 1600s-1800s. Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine helped speed up the 1880 US Census. Vacuum tubes and transistors allowed computers to become smaller and more powerful in the mid-20th century. Personal computers in the 1970s brought computers into homes and launched companies like Microsoft and Apple.
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Here are the answers to your questions:
1. Computer generations refer to the different stages in the technological development of computers based on major technological advances. Each generation has significant improvements in components, performance and cost from the previous generation.
2. The different computer generations are:
- First generation (1946-1958): Used vacuum tubes, magnetic drums for memory. Examples: ENIAC, UNIVAC.
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- Third generation (1965-1974): Used integrated circuits, semiconductor memory. Examples: IBM 360, PDP-8.
- Fourth generation (1975-1990
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The document provides a detailed history of the development of computers from early calculating devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes the key developments and inventors that contributed to progress in five generations of computers. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were large, slow, and unreliable. The second generation used transistors, making computers smaller, faster, and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits, further improving computers.
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- The document discusses the history and evolution of computers from early manual calculating devices like the abacus to modern electronic computers.
- It describes the development of early mechanical calculators in the 17th-19th centuries and the first programmable computers of the 1940s like ENIAC and UNIVAC.
- The generations of computers are defined from the first generation of vacuum tube computers to modern fifth generation AI-powered computers.
- Different types of computers are outlined including supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers, workstations, and personal computers which are further divided into tower, portable, notebook, subnotebook, and laptop models.
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A computer is a programmable electronic device that accepts data as input, processes it, and displays output. It is composed of hardware and software and can perform tasks like calculations very quickly and accurately. Computers range in size from small handheld devices to large supercomputers and can be specialized for different purposes. The earliest computing devices were mechanical, while modern computers are electronic and digital. Important early electronic computers include the ENIAC, EDVAC, and UNIVAC. Microcomputers and personal computers revolutionized computing, starting with the Altair and the Apple I.
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The document summarizes the evolution of computers from the 1940s to present day in generations. The first generation used vacuum tubes and filled entire rooms. The second generation used transistors and were more compact. The third generation used integrated circuits and supported more users and remote communication. The fourth generation used large-scale integration, leading to smaller mini computers and PCs.
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This document provides a brief history of computers from ancient times to the modern era. It discusses early counting devices like the abacus and programmable clocks from the 13th century. Mechanical calculators and looms controlled by punch cards were invented in the 1600s-1800s. Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine helped speed up the 1880 US Census. Vacuum tubes and transistors allowed computers to become smaller and more powerful in the mid-20th century. Personal computers in the 1970s brought computers into homes and launched companies like Microsoft and Apple.
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The document provides a history of the development of computers from the early mechanical computing engines in the 1800s to the first personal computers in the 1970s-1980s. It discusses important milestones such as Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine concept in the 1830s, the Z1 in 1938 as the first programmable computer, the ENIAC in 1946 as the first electronic general-purpose computer, and the IBM PC in 1981 as the first mass-produced personal computer. The document aims to classify the "first" computers under different categories while acknowledging debates around definitions.
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The document traces the evolution of computers from ancient calculating devices like the abacus to modern electronic computers. It outlines key developments such as the earliest mechanical calculating machines in the 1600s, the first programmable computer in the 1940s, the invention of the transistor and integrated circuit in the mid-1900s which allowed computers to become smaller, and the emergence of microprocessors, personal computers and software programs in the 1970s-1980s which made computers widely used. The document also provides a brief overview of the five generations of computers and the basic components of a modern computer.
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The document traces the development of computers from 1951-present. It describes key developments like the vacuum tube (1951), the UNIVAC computer (1951), the transistor (1959-1964), the integrated circuit (1964-1970), the microprocessor (1971), the IBM PC (1981), the Apple II (1977), supercomputers like the Cray 1 (1976), and advances like very large scale integration circuits, the Blue/L supercomputer, and research into fifth generation computers involving artificial intelligence.
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The document traces the development of computers from 1951-present. It describes key developments like the vacuum tube (1951), the UNIVAC computer (1951), the transistor (1959-1964), the integrated circuit (1964-1970), the microprocessor (1971), the IBM PC (1981), the Apple II (1977), supercomputers like the Cray 1 (1976), and advances like very large scale integration circuits, the Blue/L supercomputer, and research into fifth generation computers involving artificial intelligence.
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- The first generations of computers including ENIAC, the first general purpose computer, and how each generation became smaller, faster, and more reliable due to technological advances.
- Types of computers including analog, digital, and hybrid computers, as well as classifications by size like supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers.
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This document provides information on the history of computers, generations of computers, types of computers, computer components, and computer networking. It discusses:
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- The first generations of computers including ENIAC, the first general purpose computer, and how each generation became smaller, faster, and more reliable due to technological advances.
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The document provides a history of computers from early human computers to modern devices. It describes the earliest mechanical calculating devices like the abacus. The first programmable computers were invented in the 1800s but were still mechanical. The first electronic computer, ENIAC, was completed in 1946. Integrated circuits in the third generation made computers smaller and cheaper. The fourth generation saw the development of microprocessors and networks. The fifth generation pursues artificial intelligence capabilities.
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This document provides information on the history of computers, generations of computers, types of computers, computer components, and computer networking. It discusses:
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Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityAkanksha trivedi rama nursing college kanpur.
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Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
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Computer
- 2. This is the university of Pennsylyania ,Where first Computer was invented.
- 3. This is IBM Company which has made first computer operating system in 1985. IBM is a computer Hardware Company
- 4. This is a Micro Computer. These computers are small in size and cost less. These computers are also called as Personal Computers. These Computers are mainly used in homes , schools , banks etc. The name of first micro computer was Altair and was released in 1973.
- 5. This is a mini computer. These computers are bigger in size than of Micro Computers. These computers are used in banks , universities etc. The first mini computer was invented by Kenneth Olsen in November 1960.The name of first mini computer was PDP-1 and costs RS.1,20,000.
- 6. These are mainframe computers and are very powerful. They are big in size with a large memory and high speed. Mainframe computers are very expensive. The Mainframe computer was invented in 1946 and was designed by J . Presper Eckert and John Mauchly. The name of First Mainframe Computer was Harvard Mark I. and weighted 5 tons.
- 7. These are super computers and most powerful computers with a huge processing speed. These computers are used for weather forecasting , space research , satellite control etc. The name of first computer was CDC 6600. Super Computer was designed , invented and made by Seymour Cray. $.200 Million are used to build Super Computer
- 9. 2)Mouse
- 10. 3) CPU
- 11. 4)RAM
- 12. 5) Harddisk
- 13. 6) Monitor
- 14. 7) Printer