This document compares traditional telephone systems to Voice-over-Internet Protocol (VoIP) systems. It details a case study of Carnegie Mellon University's deployment of a VoIP trial involving 90 lines. The trial explored management issues like quality of service and regulatory concerns. It analyzed the network architecture, equipment power usage, and estimated electricity requirements and costs of three campus-wide deployment scenarios. The trial was ultimately terminated because VoIP technology had not reached a standard that could fully compete with the existing phone system and the financial benefits were not clear.