2 Case studies of Community induce planning
1. Climate Resilient Village, Stockdalewath, UK
2. Resolution for Arsenic Contaminated Water. Ballia, Utter Pradesh, India
The document discusses water supply as a future challenge, focusing on issues like water shortages, pollution, and unsustainable use around the world. It provides examples in Africa, where nearly half the population suffers from water-related diseases and deforestation reduces water supply reliability, and potential solutions like better river basin management. Another example is China's Three Gorges Dam, the world's largest hydroelectric power station, which has benefits but also issues like relocation of residents, siltation, and ecological impacts. The document also introduces the concept of water footprint to examine water use linked to the global economy.
This document discusses green infrastructure solutions to reduce combined sewer overflows in Syracuse, New York. It provides background on a lawsuit against the county in 1988 over combined sewer overflows, and amendments to the consent judgment from 1998 to 2009 to include green and gray infrastructure solutions. It also outlines Syracuse's outreach efforts to educate the public on green infrastructure, including workshops, demonstration projects, and educational materials.
CSO events occur when heavy rainfall overwhelms the city's combined sewer system, causing untreated sewage and stormwater to discharge directly into waterways without treatment. They happen over 70 times per year, discharging a total of 27 billion gallons of wastewater including over 2 billion gallons of raw sewage. CSO discharges contain pathogens, excess nutrients, metals, and over 200 toxic chemicals that pollute beaches and waterways, limiting recreational use and posing health risks. The city is working to reduce CSOs through green infrastructure projects and long-term control plans to improve water quality.
The document discusses the water cycle and processes involved like evaporation and transpiration. It also discusses water conservation, protection of aquifers, and potential contaminants in groundwater like pesticides, sewage, and nitrogen. Desalination and distillation processes are mentioned as methods for obtaining drinking water from seawater. The deepest part of an aquifer is called the zone of saturation, and permeability and pressure affect how quickly water can pass through different types of rock in an aquifer.
Waterlogging occurs when the water table rises high enough through capillary action that it prevents anticipated land use. It adversely affects plants, animals, and humans. Some key causes of waterlogging in Dhaka, Bangladesh include inadequate drainage systems, filling in of wetlands and canals for construction, and heavy rainfall during the monsoon season that cannot be carried away by blocked canals. This results in flooded roads and neighborhoods for days. Solutions proposed include improving surface drainage, reducing water flow from canals, restricting irrigation, removing obstructions from natural drains, and adopting sprinkler irrigation.
This document discusses how human structures like dams and windmills impact the natural environment. Dams interrupt natural water cycles by stopping fish migration and starving animals by limiting food supply. Windmills were historically used for corn milling and drainage but modern wind turbines endanger migrating birds and interfere with broadcasts. Cleaning up litter costs millions, so organizations now covenant to reduce environmental effects.
Water pollution occurs when harmful pollutants from various sources contaminate bodies of water. It negatively impacts plants, organisms, and biological communities in the water. There are two types of water resources: surface water, like oceans, lakes, and rivers, and groundwater stored underground in aquifers. Pollution can originate from point sources like pipes or nonpoint sources like agricultural and storm runoff. The major causes of water pollution include waste from sewage, agriculture, industry, and radioactive materials. Solutions involve treating sewage before discharge, reducing agricultural and industrial runoff, and cleaning up contaminated sites.
The document discusses water supply as a future challenge, focusing on issues like water shortages, pollution, and unsustainable use around the world. It provides examples in Africa, where nearly half the population suffers from water-related diseases and deforestation reduces water supply reliability, and potential solutions like better river basin management. Another example is China's Three Gorges Dam, the world's largest hydroelectric power station, which has benefits but also issues like relocation of residents, siltation, and ecological impacts. The document also introduces the concept of water footprint to examine water use linked to the global economy.
This document discusses green infrastructure solutions to reduce combined sewer overflows in Syracuse, New York. It provides background on a lawsuit against the county in 1988 over combined sewer overflows, and amendments to the consent judgment from 1998 to 2009 to include green and gray infrastructure solutions. It also outlines Syracuse's outreach efforts to educate the public on green infrastructure, including workshops, demonstration projects, and educational materials.
CSO events occur when heavy rainfall overwhelms the city's combined sewer system, causing untreated sewage and stormwater to discharge directly into waterways without treatment. They happen over 70 times per year, discharging a total of 27 billion gallons of wastewater including over 2 billion gallons of raw sewage. CSO discharges contain pathogens, excess nutrients, metals, and over 200 toxic chemicals that pollute beaches and waterways, limiting recreational use and posing health risks. The city is working to reduce CSOs through green infrastructure projects and long-term control plans to improve water quality.
The document discusses the water cycle and processes involved like evaporation and transpiration. It also discusses water conservation, protection of aquifers, and potential contaminants in groundwater like pesticides, sewage, and nitrogen. Desalination and distillation processes are mentioned as methods for obtaining drinking water from seawater. The deepest part of an aquifer is called the zone of saturation, and permeability and pressure affect how quickly water can pass through different types of rock in an aquifer.
Waterlogging occurs when the water table rises high enough through capillary action that it prevents anticipated land use. It adversely affects plants, animals, and humans. Some key causes of waterlogging in Dhaka, Bangladesh include inadequate drainage systems, filling in of wetlands and canals for construction, and heavy rainfall during the monsoon season that cannot be carried away by blocked canals. This results in flooded roads and neighborhoods for days. Solutions proposed include improving surface drainage, reducing water flow from canals, restricting irrigation, removing obstructions from natural drains, and adopting sprinkler irrigation.
This document discusses how human structures like dams and windmills impact the natural environment. Dams interrupt natural water cycles by stopping fish migration and starving animals by limiting food supply. Windmills were historically used for corn milling and drainage but modern wind turbines endanger migrating birds and interfere with broadcasts. Cleaning up litter costs millions, so organizations now covenant to reduce environmental effects.
Water pollution occurs when harmful pollutants from various sources contaminate bodies of water. It negatively impacts plants, organisms, and biological communities in the water. There are two types of water resources: surface water, like oceans, lakes, and rivers, and groundwater stored underground in aquifers. Pollution can originate from point sources like pipes or nonpoint sources like agricultural and storm runoff. The major causes of water pollution include waste from sewage, agriculture, industry, and radioactive materials. Solutions involve treating sewage before discharge, reducing agricultural and industrial runoff, and cleaning up contaminated sites.
This presentation was given by Professor Alastair Driver, Catchment restoration specialist and ecologist, at the EPA's October 2017 Catchment Science and Management Course. You can find more information about catchment management at www.catchments.ie
This document summarizes a paper on water delivery politics in rural Nigerian communities. It finds that:
1) Public water taps dried up in the 1990s due to government mismanagement, forcing communities to find independent water sources.
2) Early privatization took the form of boreholes, with owners selling water. This proliferated, becoming the main urban water source.
3) A TNC project in Bodo engaged some community members passively with no management committee, leading to conflicts and project failure after contractors left.
4) An NGO project in Akassa failed multiple times due to engineering issues and perceptions of corruption, undermining water as a priority.
5) Efforts by
The document presents information about dams, including why they are built, their types and uses, statistics on dams, and their impacts. It discusses how dams provide water storage and control, lists the main types of dams as gravity, arch, buttress, and embankment, and outlines their direct uses like irrigation, industrial, and hydroelectric power generation, as well as indirect uses such as flood control. It also provides some global statistics on dams and discusses their environmental, social, and economic impacts.
The document discusses various types of water pollution including point source pollution which occurs directly into waterways, non-point source pollution which is runoff, thermal pollution from power plants, organic pollution from excess organic matter, ecological pollution from natural events, and toxic pollution from chemicals. Specific examples of each type of pollution are provided.
The document discusses various types of water pollution including point source pollution which occurs directly into waterways, non-point source pollution which is runoff, thermal pollution from power plants, organic pollution from excess organic matter, ecological pollution from natural events, and toxic pollution from chemicals. Specific examples of each type of pollution are provided.
The document discusses various types of water pollution including point source pollution from direct discharge into waterways, non-point source pollution from runoff, thermal pollution from industrial cooling water, organic pollution from excess organic waste, ecological pollution from natural events, and toxic pollution from chemicals. Specific examples of issues discussed include water pollution in the Pasig River in the Philippines, pollution of surface water sources in the United States, and the potential for subsurface oceans on Jupiter's moons Europa and Ganymede.
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: WATER. It contains: the demand for water, water management, case studies: UK, NIGERIA, INDONESIA, MALAYSIA. Water for agriculture, industrial use, domestic water use, management of water usage in MDEC and LEDC.
The Hyrdrology of Floods in Malawi CitiesNAP Events
This document discusses flooding in Malawi cities and the role of wetlands. It begins by defining flooding as excess surface runoff exceeding channel capacity. Flooding can be caused by prolonged heavy rainfall, climate change, and land use changes reducing infiltration. Flooding in cities of Blantyre and Lilongwe is increasingly common due to population growth converting forests and wetlands into housing settlements. Wetlands act as buffers absorbing excess runoff and reducing flooding, but many have been destroyed in Lilongwe increasing flooding risk there. Addressing flooding requires protecting remaining wetlands from development and restoring converted areas.
The Pasig River in the Philippines was once clean and thriving with life, providing food and transportation. However, over a century later, the river is severely polluted with rubbish and black water due to a lack of funds to implement clean water acts. Water pollution occurs when pollutants from various sources like industry, agriculture and cities contaminate bodies of water, adversely impacting both wildlife and humans.
Improvements in Seawater Desalination TechnologiesAmpac USA
Seawater desalination technologies have faced criticism for their environmental unfriendliness and high costs. Recent research has focused on developing more sustainable and affordable desalination methods. Some promising avenues explored include using new membrane materials like graphene to increase efficiency, improving wastewater management to lessen marine impacts, experimenting with alternative processes like forward osmosis, and making plants solar-powered to reduce electricity needs. Further innovation is needed as global desalination capacity continues expanding rapidly.
Bangladesh has a population of 150 million with a high population density and low GDP per capita. It faces severe water shortage and sanitation issues that negatively impact both urban and rural areas. Three devices - the Water Canary, Lifesaver bottle, and Reverse Osmosis Sanitation system - were proposed to test and filter water, making it safe to drink from any source. Additionally, investments in sewage systems and providing clean water access points could help address sanitation and water issues but require substantial funding.
Global Water Challenges: River Basin Management Opportunities and Risks
A presentation by Don Blackmore
(The presentation has been modified from the original version to remove any copyrighted material)
Water Land and Ecosystems
High Level Dialogue New Delhi
3 May 2013
The document discusses how humans interact with the environment in England, including how they use land and air resources and how farming has changed, moving from mostly manual labor to using dams, with consequences like river pollution that can negatively impact health but also possibly have some good effects.
Air pollution causes about 2 million premature deaths per year globally. Light pollution is excessive artificial light that obscures stars. Noise pollution involves distracting or irritating sounds that can damage hearing over time. Water pollution involves adding harmful chemicals that can deny access to safe drinking water for 20% of the world's population and adequate sanitation for 50%. Pollution in cities contributes significantly to premature deaths worldwide.
15146_S16_A1-Asrar_Mustafa_Hong Kong_Upgrading Water InfrastructureMustafa Asrar
The document discusses water infrastructure issues facing Sydney, Australia. Sydney is facing problems from its aging water supply infrastructure, which is over 70 years old. This results in 120 million liters of water leaking from pipes daily. In contrast, Hong Kong implemented a water leakage control program from 2001-2015 that repaired 3000 km of pipes and reduced leaks by 50%. The program helped Hong Kong achieve its goal of reducing water loss from 25% to 15% over that period.
Human civilizations have long depended on rivers for survival, with early civilizations in regions like Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, and China developing along major river valleys. However, as human populations and activities have increased, they have placed growing stress on rivers through activities like water extraction, waste dumping, and infrastructure development. This has degraded river ecosystems and impacted their ability to provide services. Parameters like water flow, sediment levels, pollution, and biodiversity are used to measure a river's health and the human impacts on it. The case of the Yamuna River in India illustrates how urban and industrial waste dumping can turn a major river highly toxic, reducing it to a local extinction of its natural ecosystems. Experts recommend various
The document discusses opportunities and challenges in the global water sector. It notes that while over 1 billion people lack access to clean water, providing solutions is complex due to issues like non-functional infrastructure, lack of community involvement, and ineffective technology deployment. Large projects have mixed results, and women and children are disproportionately impacted. Maintaining water systems is difficult due to corrosive water and expanding pipes. Many past projects failed due to poor planning, lack of maintenance resources, and losing trust when water quality declined. The document argues innovative water products must consider long-term usage, verification, and users who cannot detect failures. Politics, regulations, and the "tragedy of the commons" also impact solutions.
This document appears to be a student's notes on various fruits, including the paw-paw, a North American fruit resembling a banana that grows in the southeastern US but is not yet commercially available. It also mentions starfruit, guava, and pomegranate as other fruits covered in the notes.
El documento describe tres estilos de liderazgo: autocrático, participativo y de rienda suelta. El liderazgo autocrático se caracteriza por que el líder toma todas las decisiones sin permitir la participación del grupo. El liderazgo participativo permite la consulta pero el líder mantiene el derecho a la decisión final. El liderazgo de rienda suelta delega las funciones al grupo y el líder adopta un papel pasivo sin dirigir al grupo.
This presentation was given by Professor Alastair Driver, Catchment restoration specialist and ecologist, at the EPA's October 2017 Catchment Science and Management Course. You can find more information about catchment management at www.catchments.ie
This document summarizes a paper on water delivery politics in rural Nigerian communities. It finds that:
1) Public water taps dried up in the 1990s due to government mismanagement, forcing communities to find independent water sources.
2) Early privatization took the form of boreholes, with owners selling water. This proliferated, becoming the main urban water source.
3) A TNC project in Bodo engaged some community members passively with no management committee, leading to conflicts and project failure after contractors left.
4) An NGO project in Akassa failed multiple times due to engineering issues and perceptions of corruption, undermining water as a priority.
5) Efforts by
The document presents information about dams, including why they are built, their types and uses, statistics on dams, and their impacts. It discusses how dams provide water storage and control, lists the main types of dams as gravity, arch, buttress, and embankment, and outlines their direct uses like irrigation, industrial, and hydroelectric power generation, as well as indirect uses such as flood control. It also provides some global statistics on dams and discusses their environmental, social, and economic impacts.
The document discusses various types of water pollution including point source pollution which occurs directly into waterways, non-point source pollution which is runoff, thermal pollution from power plants, organic pollution from excess organic matter, ecological pollution from natural events, and toxic pollution from chemicals. Specific examples of each type of pollution are provided.
The document discusses various types of water pollution including point source pollution which occurs directly into waterways, non-point source pollution which is runoff, thermal pollution from power plants, organic pollution from excess organic matter, ecological pollution from natural events, and toxic pollution from chemicals. Specific examples of each type of pollution are provided.
The document discusses various types of water pollution including point source pollution from direct discharge into waterways, non-point source pollution from runoff, thermal pollution from industrial cooling water, organic pollution from excess organic waste, ecological pollution from natural events, and toxic pollution from chemicals. Specific examples of issues discussed include water pollution in the Pasig River in the Philippines, pollution of surface water sources in the United States, and the potential for subsurface oceans on Jupiter's moons Europa and Ganymede.
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: WATER. It contains: the demand for water, water management, case studies: UK, NIGERIA, INDONESIA, MALAYSIA. Water for agriculture, industrial use, domestic water use, management of water usage in MDEC and LEDC.
The Hyrdrology of Floods in Malawi CitiesNAP Events
This document discusses flooding in Malawi cities and the role of wetlands. It begins by defining flooding as excess surface runoff exceeding channel capacity. Flooding can be caused by prolonged heavy rainfall, climate change, and land use changes reducing infiltration. Flooding in cities of Blantyre and Lilongwe is increasingly common due to population growth converting forests and wetlands into housing settlements. Wetlands act as buffers absorbing excess runoff and reducing flooding, but many have been destroyed in Lilongwe increasing flooding risk there. Addressing flooding requires protecting remaining wetlands from development and restoring converted areas.
The Pasig River in the Philippines was once clean and thriving with life, providing food and transportation. However, over a century later, the river is severely polluted with rubbish and black water due to a lack of funds to implement clean water acts. Water pollution occurs when pollutants from various sources like industry, agriculture and cities contaminate bodies of water, adversely impacting both wildlife and humans.
Improvements in Seawater Desalination TechnologiesAmpac USA
Seawater desalination technologies have faced criticism for their environmental unfriendliness and high costs. Recent research has focused on developing more sustainable and affordable desalination methods. Some promising avenues explored include using new membrane materials like graphene to increase efficiency, improving wastewater management to lessen marine impacts, experimenting with alternative processes like forward osmosis, and making plants solar-powered to reduce electricity needs. Further innovation is needed as global desalination capacity continues expanding rapidly.
Bangladesh has a population of 150 million with a high population density and low GDP per capita. It faces severe water shortage and sanitation issues that negatively impact both urban and rural areas. Three devices - the Water Canary, Lifesaver bottle, and Reverse Osmosis Sanitation system - were proposed to test and filter water, making it safe to drink from any source. Additionally, investments in sewage systems and providing clean water access points could help address sanitation and water issues but require substantial funding.
Global Water Challenges: River Basin Management Opportunities and Risks
A presentation by Don Blackmore
(The presentation has been modified from the original version to remove any copyrighted material)
Water Land and Ecosystems
High Level Dialogue New Delhi
3 May 2013
The document discusses how humans interact with the environment in England, including how they use land and air resources and how farming has changed, moving from mostly manual labor to using dams, with consequences like river pollution that can negatively impact health but also possibly have some good effects.
Air pollution causes about 2 million premature deaths per year globally. Light pollution is excessive artificial light that obscures stars. Noise pollution involves distracting or irritating sounds that can damage hearing over time. Water pollution involves adding harmful chemicals that can deny access to safe drinking water for 20% of the world's population and adequate sanitation for 50%. Pollution in cities contributes significantly to premature deaths worldwide.
15146_S16_A1-Asrar_Mustafa_Hong Kong_Upgrading Water InfrastructureMustafa Asrar
The document discusses water infrastructure issues facing Sydney, Australia. Sydney is facing problems from its aging water supply infrastructure, which is over 70 years old. This results in 120 million liters of water leaking from pipes daily. In contrast, Hong Kong implemented a water leakage control program from 2001-2015 that repaired 3000 km of pipes and reduced leaks by 50%. The program helped Hong Kong achieve its goal of reducing water loss from 25% to 15% over that period.
Human civilizations have long depended on rivers for survival, with early civilizations in regions like Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, and China developing along major river valleys. However, as human populations and activities have increased, they have placed growing stress on rivers through activities like water extraction, waste dumping, and infrastructure development. This has degraded river ecosystems and impacted their ability to provide services. Parameters like water flow, sediment levels, pollution, and biodiversity are used to measure a river's health and the human impacts on it. The case of the Yamuna River in India illustrates how urban and industrial waste dumping can turn a major river highly toxic, reducing it to a local extinction of its natural ecosystems. Experts recommend various
The document discusses opportunities and challenges in the global water sector. It notes that while over 1 billion people lack access to clean water, providing solutions is complex due to issues like non-functional infrastructure, lack of community involvement, and ineffective technology deployment. Large projects have mixed results, and women and children are disproportionately impacted. Maintaining water systems is difficult due to corrosive water and expanding pipes. Many past projects failed due to poor planning, lack of maintenance resources, and losing trust when water quality declined. The document argues innovative water products must consider long-term usage, verification, and users who cannot detect failures. Politics, regulations, and the "tragedy of the commons" also impact solutions.
This document appears to be a student's notes on various fruits, including the paw-paw, a North American fruit resembling a banana that grows in the southeastern US but is not yet commercially available. It also mentions starfruit, guava, and pomegranate as other fruits covered in the notes.
El documento describe tres estilos de liderazgo: autocrático, participativo y de rienda suelta. El liderazgo autocrático se caracteriza por que el líder toma todas las decisiones sin permitir la participación del grupo. El liderazgo participativo permite la consulta pero el líder mantiene el derecho a la decisión final. El liderazgo de rienda suelta delega las funciones al grupo y el líder adopta un papel pasivo sin dirigir al grupo.
Calabria is a region in southern Italy divided into five provinces: Cosenza, Catanzaro, Reggio Calabria, and Vibo Valentia. Its capital and most populated city is Catanzaro. Calabria has a Mediterranean cuisine balance between meat, vegetables, and fish, and is famous for sausages and cured meats. The region contains three mountain ranges: Pollino, Sila, and Aspromonte, which create a natural barrier separating Calabria from the rest of Italy. The Pollino Mountains contain rare Bosnian Pine varieties and are part of the Pollino National Park.
SEO for Ecommerce: 5 Must Follow Tips at #MaxNordic Aleyda Solís
Aleyda Solis gives a presentation on 5 tips for ecommerce SEO. She discusses allowing only crawlable URLs to be indexed to optimize crawl budget, setting indexation rules to avoid duplication and thin content, setting rules for expired products and campaigns to maintain their value, identifying mobile search behaviors to target mobile users, and leveraging search features and snippets to improve visibility and conversions. The document provides details on each of these tips.
Becoming an SEO Superhero at #SMXLmilan Aleyda Solís
The document discusses how to develop SEO superhero abilities by evolving 10 SEO powers to achieve heroic results. It recommends starting with a competitive analysis to identify strengths and weaknesses. It also suggests assessing search performance versus competitors, understanding what is making them successful, and spotting weaknesses. Further, it advises prioritizing actions towards growth by focusing audits on optimization status and potential, and implementing changes for biggest gaps and growth opportunities.
The document discusses financial alignment of chronic healthcare in the Netherlands through the use of functional pricing. It describes the Dutch healthcare system and the development of disease management programs. Specifically, it discusses vertical integration between providers, the dominant role of general practitioners as gatekeepers, and the proposal of using outpatient Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs) for chronic conditions, called Chain Diagnoses Treatment Combinations (CDTCs), as a new payment mechanism to reimburse costs and encourage disease management programs. Comparison to systems in other countries provides lessons for reforming healthcare systems through financial alignment of providers and payers.
This document discusses disease management and financial alignment in the Netherlands' healthcare system. It provides background on the rise of chronic diseases and the need for coordinated care models. The Netherlands is moving towards a new "functional pricing" model for outpatient chronic care, representing the next step in disease management. The document outlines the Dutch healthcare system and trends towards vertically integrated care networks. It also discusses the history of disease management approaches in the Netherlands from early transmural care programs to the current emphasis on patient-centered chronic condition management.
This step-by-step action plan is like a detox diet for your finances. Walk through 30 days of ideas on how to save more, make more, and invest more to get your financial house in order this year.
Apache Spark MLlib 2.0 Preview: Data Science and ProductionDatabricks
This talk highlights major improvements in Machine Learning (ML) targeted for Apache Spark 2.0. The MLlib 2.0 release focuses on ease of use for data science—both for casual and power users. We will discuss 3 key improvements: persisting models for production, customizing Pipelines, and improvements to models and APIs critical to data science.
(1) MLlib simplifies moving ML models to production by adding full support for model and Pipeline persistence. Individual models—and entire Pipelines including feature transformations—can be built on one Spark deployment, saved, and loaded onto other Spark deployments for production and serving.
(2) Users will find it much easier to implement custom feature transformers and models. Abstractions automatically handle input schema validation, as well as persistence for saving and loading models.
(3) For statisticians and data scientists, MLlib has doubled down on Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), which are key algorithms for many use cases. MLlib now supports more GLM families and link functions, handles corner cases more gracefully, and provides more model statistics. Also, expanded language APIs allow data scientists using Python and R to call many more algorithms.
Finally, we will demonstrate these improvements live and show how they facilitate getting started with ML on Spark, customizing implementations, and moving to production.
it is attractive and it is for your education. I have used many attractive animations and it has good amount of study material.
The aim of this ppt is to give you more information about pollution, images are also added to make it more attractive
A Case Study of Residents Perspectives on the Eutrophication in the Coastal ...Kathryn Patel
Residents in Östhammar Municipality have differing perspectives on the causes of eutrophication in the coastal inlets. While some agree that increased vegetation and poor water quality are issues, residents disagree on the root causes. Proposed solutions like wetlands and aluminum addition face uncertainty over costs and effects. A lack of consistent information and mutual understanding between actors has led to confusion and distrust of the municipality. A conceptual model outlines participatory processes to build common definition and trust through open discussion between residents and authorities.
Native Americans treated water by boiling it in carved wood vessels with plants like water lilies. Early colonists obtained water from dug wells and used wooden or lead pipes, while the wealthy could afford private running water systems. In the 1800s, Scotland opened the first water filtration plant using slow sand filtration, and chlorine was later used for disinfection. Rapid sand filtration was developed in the late 1800s combining coagulation and filtration. The 20th century saw regulations established to standardize drinking water treatment and quality in the U.S. through acts like the Safe Drinking Water Act.
Arsenic contamination of groundwater is a significant problem in Bangladesh that was first detected in 1993. Arsenic exists naturally in the bedrock and has leached into shallow aquifers used for drinking water. Long term exposure can cause arsenicosis, a condition with skin lesions and other health issues. Over 40,000 people have shown symptoms and 100,000 are estimated to have skin lesions. Actions taken include identifying contaminated wells, providing alternative sources like deep wells and filters, and raising awareness. While awareness has increased, social stigma remains for those afflicted and arsenic may also contaminate food crops irrigated with contaminated water. Preventing groundwater pollution and using alternative sources are keys to addressing this problem.
Hydrofracturing and Its Impact on GroundwaterBrian Oram
2011 Private Well Symposium - The importance for Fixing Private Wells in Pennsylvania - The Marcellus Shale Factor-Concurrent Session 3: Hydrofracturing and Its Impact on Groundwater
Assessment of shallow aquifers contamination by failure of on site sewage dis...Alexander Decker
1) The study assessed potential contamination of shallow groundwater aquifers in Ughelli, Nigeria by nearby on-site sewage disposal systems.
2) Water samples were tested for parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, bacteria, nutrients and metals. While most samples met standards, some had high bacteria levels and nutrient concentrations indicating contamination from sewage.
3) The shallow aquifers and permeable soils allow contamination from sewage systems to potentially spread, especially during wet seasons with high recharge. Proper disposal and treatment of groundwater is recommended.
Evolution of water systems and its challenges in the wa municipal of ghanaAlexander Decker
This document discusses the evolution of water systems and challenges in providing potable water in Wa Municipal, Ghana. It begins by providing context on the importance of safe drinking water. It then discusses the evolution of water systems globally and in Ghana from the 1920s to present day. Key events included the establishment of the first public water systems, the creation of agencies/companies to manage water provision, and reforms to improve efficiency and cost recovery. Currently, the Ghana Water Company Limited is responsible for urban water supply. The document also outlines challenges facing the company in Wa Municipal, such as inadequate funding, infrastructure, and staffing.
The Tehri Dam is located in Uttarakhand, India. It is the highest dam in India and one of the tallest in the world. Phase 1 was completed in 2006 and the dam generates 1,000 MW of hydroelectricity. However, the dam has faced protests from environmental groups and local people due to concerns about displacement of over 100,000 people and impacts to the fragile Himalayan ecosystem. There are also concerns about the dam's stability due to its location in a major seismic zone.
Forgotten People and NGS - Securing Economic & Climate Justiceen3pro
The document discusses the environmental and health impacts of the Navajo Generating Station, a coal-fired power plant on Navajo land. It calls for a transition to clean energy sources rather than retrofitting the plant, citing concerns about toxic coal ash, greenhouse gas emissions, and unreliable water and coal supplies. Public health problems in nearby communities are detailed, and recommendations are made to install emissions controls, redesign infrastructure to accommodate renewable energy, and provide water access to western Navajo communities.
Forgotten People and NGS: Securing Environmental and Climate Justiceen3pro
The document discusses the environmental and health impacts of the Navajo Generating Station, a coal-fired power plant on Navajo land. It calls for a transition to clean energy sources rather than retrofitting the plant, citing concerns about toxic coal ash, greenhouse gas emissions, and unreliable water and coal supplies. Public health problems in nearby communities are detailed, and recommendations are made to install emissions controls, redesign infrastructure to accommodate renewable energy, and provide water access to western Navajo communities.
The document discusses water sensitive cities and towns. It notes that population growth, climate change, and economic pressures pose challenges for water management. A water sensitive city aims to provide diverse water sources, protect ecosystems, and engage communities in sustainable water practices. Case studies from Hebei Province, China show how urbanization impacts water systems through increased impermeable surfaces and pollution. Strategies proposed include green roofs, permeable paving, rain gardens, and stormwater management to filter and infiltrate water on-site.
Similar to Community induce planning case studies (12)
The Antyodaya Saral Haryana Portal is a pioneering initiative by the Government of Haryana aimed at providing citizens with seamless access to a wide range of government services
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Contributi dei parlamentari del PD - Contributi L. 3/2019Partito democratico
DI SEGUITO SONO PUBBLICATI, AI SENSI DELL'ART. 11 DELLA LEGGE N. 3/2019, GLI IMPORTI RICEVUTI DALL'ENTRATA IN VIGORE DELLA SUDDETTA NORMA (31/01/2019) E FINO AL MESE SOLARE ANTECEDENTE QUELLO DELLA PUBBLICAZIONE SUL PRESENTE SITO
Presentation by Rebecca Sachs and Joshua Varcie, analysts in CBO’s Health Analysis Division, at the 13th Annual Conference of the American Society of Health Economists.
AHMR is an interdisciplinary peer-reviewed online journal created to encourage and facilitate the study of all aspects (socio-economic, political, legislative and developmental) of Human Mobility in Africa. Through the publication of original research, policy discussions and evidence research papers AHMR provides a comprehensive forum devoted exclusively to the analysis of contemporaneous trends, migration patterns and some of the most important migration-related issues.
Presentation by Julie Topoleski, CBO’s Director of Labor, Income Security, and Long-Term Analysis, at the 16th Annual Meeting of the OECD Working Party of Parliamentary Budget Officials and Independent Fiscal Institutions.
8. Identification of Roots to cause
Formally constituting groups to protect individuals
Applied for Funding
Prepared property for floods (‘property level flood protection’)
Prepared a community flood plan
Created green space and 'Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems'
(SUDS)
19. Itchy skin lesions, changes in skin colour, hardening and thickening of skin into nodules – these
were some of the afflictions suffered by the villagers due to arsenic contamination of their drinking
water sources. Gastrointestinal disturbances, chronic cough and shortness of breath added to
their discomfort as well. When this continued for years and affected a majority of residents, the
government swung into action in September 2011.
20. When did Ballia’s problems start?
This story began in 1990, when the
government constructed a large
number of hand pumps throughout
Bihar and UP to provide clean, easy-
to-access water to the villagers. The
ease of using hand pumps won over
the villagers and they began
neglecting the existing open wells.
Little did they realize that they would
pay a large price for this convenience.
21. Suspecting arsenic poisoning, a fairly unknown
subject then, it tested and analysed the village’s
water sources. The report showed that 31
districts of UP had arsenic levels that were
above the safety limit of 10 parts per billion
(ppb) set by World Health Organisation (WHO).
In some areas, the value was nearly 130 times
the prescribed safety limit
22. Alternatives:
• Pipelines
• Overhead Storage Tanks
• Treatment Plants
Failure of Projects:
• High Cost & Maintenance
• It takes Time
• Energy Deficit State
24. Cause of contamination
In addition to exploring options on how to remedy this situation, they wanted to understand how this contamination
happened to get to the root of the problem. No gold mines had been discovered in the area that could have leached
this poison into the groundwater since arsenic is a toxic by-product of gold mines. In a typical groundwater table, the
very shallow and very deep aquifers tend to contain lesser arsenic. The middle layer tends to be the most
contaminated.
When the switch over to hand pumps was made, the aquifers were tapped at a depth of 40-60 m leaching out iron
and arsenic. That is what aggravated the problem and led the arsenic to reach the levels that it did.
In Ballia district alone, 38% of the hand pumps tested had a higher arsenic content than the mandatory standards as
per WHO recommendations. The dilemma for people was to find an alternate, sustainable and safe water source.
25. Remedying the situation
One answer was to dig deep tubewells or deep hand pumps that delved into the deeper
uncontaminated aquifers, which could be a source of arsenic-free water but the huge costs
and the long term safety of these sources was debatable. Over consumption or improper
installation would lead to their eventual pollution. So made plan to revive old sources.
26. Today more and
more villagers join
hands to keep their
water sources safe
and hygienic.
27. Now they are healthier, happier and arsenic-free.
Wells that were once an integral part of the village culture,
are slowly regaining their lost value and importance.