“A Cooperative Strategy for 21st Century Seapower” recognized the economic links of the global system and how any disruption due to regional crises – manmade or natural – can adversely impact the U.S. economy and quality of life. This new strategy charts a course for the Navy, Coast Guard and Marine Corps to work collectively with each other and international partners to prevent these crises from occurring or reacting quickly should one occur to avoid negative impacts to the U.S.
Future Maritime Security Challenges: What to Expect and How To Prepare?Heiko Borchert
Findings of an expert panel on future maritime security challenges at the 2012 Maritime Security Conference, organized by the CJOS COE and CSW COE in Halifax, June 4-7, 2012
Geopolitics and geostrategy dynamics in asia pacific region amidst covid 19Sampe Purba
this presentation showing how the BRI - Belt Road Initiative of PRC is a game changer in Asia Pacific major actors. Renaming of Pacific command to be Indo Pacific command by US reflecting the shifting of center of gravity in the region
The fundamental focus of maritime strategy centres on the control of human activity at sea. There is the effort to establish control for oneself or to deny it to an enemy and there is the effort to use the control that one has in order to achieve specific ends. The security of Sri Lanka derives from a combination of factors, including the maintenance of a highly competent naval force equipped with advanced technology and structured for unique geostrategic environment. Sri Lanka is now in the midst of a transition from a focus on internal security to an external security. The maritime strategy should be as much as it has to deal with the linkage between national strategic interests of the country. This may be the most appropriate time for Sri Lanka to re-appreciate our national interests and to derive National and Military objectives based on those interests.
This presentation was given as part of the Cross-Domain Deterrence Seminar hosted by the Center for Global Security Research at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in November 2014.
This presentation was given as part of the Cross-Domain Deterrence Seminar hosted by the Center for Global Security Research at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in November 2014.
Future Maritime Security Challenges: What to Expect and How To Prepare?Heiko Borchert
Findings of an expert panel on future maritime security challenges at the 2012 Maritime Security Conference, organized by the CJOS COE and CSW COE in Halifax, June 4-7, 2012
Geopolitics and geostrategy dynamics in asia pacific region amidst covid 19Sampe Purba
this presentation showing how the BRI - Belt Road Initiative of PRC is a game changer in Asia Pacific major actors. Renaming of Pacific command to be Indo Pacific command by US reflecting the shifting of center of gravity in the region
The fundamental focus of maritime strategy centres on the control of human activity at sea. There is the effort to establish control for oneself or to deny it to an enemy and there is the effort to use the control that one has in order to achieve specific ends. The security of Sri Lanka derives from a combination of factors, including the maintenance of a highly competent naval force equipped with advanced technology and structured for unique geostrategic environment. Sri Lanka is now in the midst of a transition from a focus on internal security to an external security. The maritime strategy should be as much as it has to deal with the linkage between national strategic interests of the country. This may be the most appropriate time for Sri Lanka to re-appreciate our national interests and to derive National and Military objectives based on those interests.
This presentation was given as part of the Cross-Domain Deterrence Seminar hosted by the Center for Global Security Research at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in November 2014.
This presentation was given as part of the Cross-Domain Deterrence Seminar hosted by the Center for Global Security Research at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in November 2014.
Army Futures Command Concept for Intelligence 2028Neil McDonnell
Neil McDonnell and the GovCon Chamber of Commerce make the Army's Futures Command concept documents available to federal government contractors as they do their "homework" to support the Department of Defense.
acquisition, Technology, Innovation and Great Power Competition,TIGPC, Gordian knot Center, DIME-FIL, INDOPACOM, department of defense, dod, hacking for defense, intlpol 340, joe felter, ms&e296, raj shah, stanford, Steve blank, China, stanford
Coercive diplomacy is the diplomacy of threats. Rather than relying on negotiation, diplomats will sometimes threaten adverse consequences if a demand is not met. Sometimes this works; at other times, it does not.
Factors that influence the success of coercive diplomacy are similar to the factors that influence the success of other types of threats: the threat must be credible, the adverse consequence must be severe enough that the potential recipient really wants to avoid that outcome, and the demand must be clear and possible to meet. Even when these factors are present however, coercive diplomacy is risky. As with other threats, it tends further damage relationships and lead to a potential backlash against the threat and/or the threatening country later on. Backlash can, at times, be limited if the threat is combined with more integrative or exchange-based approaches. If rewards for compliance are offered in addition to the threat for non-compliance, the chances of success may be greater; also if the threat is seen to be legitimate, the chances of success may also rise.
Lecture 2 -Technology, Innovation and Great Power CompetitionStanford University
Matt Pottinger, Matt Turpin, Technology, Innovation and Great Power Competition,TIGPC, Gordian knot Center, DIME-FIL, department of defense, dod, hacking for defense, intlpol 340, joe felter, ms&e296, raj shah, requirements, stanford, Steve blank, China,Xi Jinping, Tobin
strategic importance of indian ocean.pptxMahamAaqil2
What makes the Indian Ocean so strategically important?
The Indian Ocean is a vast theater, stretching from the Strait of Malacca and western coast of Australia in the East to the Mozambique Channel in
the West. It encompasses the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea in the North, all the way down to the southern Indian Ocean.
Indian Ocean Initiative
Along the coasts of this huge geographic expanse are countries that are home to some 2.7 billion people. The Indian Ocean’s key subregions are
South Asia, the Middle East, the eastern coast of Africa, and the islands dotting the ocean from Sri Lanka in the East to the Comoros Archipelago
in the West.
The region’s size and diversity explains its geoeconomic importance. Its regional forum, the Indian Ocean Rim Association, includes countries as
politically and socially different as Australia, Indonesia, Iran, and South Africa, leading to striking new power dynamics. From resource-rich Africa
and the energy-dense Middle East to South Asia’s labor markets and manufacturing industries, the stability of the Indian Ocean is crucial to the
global economy.
Why are countries vying for control over the Indian Ocean?
While it may be difficult today for one nation to control the entire expanse of the Indian Ocean the way the British, French, or Portuguese empires
did during the colonial period, the strategic significance of the Indian Ocean remains the same. In fact, the advent of the Indo-Pacific—the new
geopolitical framework that includes both the Indian and Pacific Oceans—has pushed the Indian Ocean back into the spotlight after a period with
no serious great power competition in the region, following the end of the Cold War.
The importance of trade and the sheer scope of its many subregions make the Indian Ocean critical in terms of military and strategic engagement.
It is a vital trading hub, connecting the Middle East to Southeast and East Asia, as well as Europe and the Americas. Any disruption along its
trading routes will impact the entire globe’s energy security, let alone that of significant economies like China, Japan, and South Korea, which
depend on energy imported primarily via the Malacca strait.
3/19/23, 12:41 PM What Is Happening in the Indian Ocean? - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
https://carnegieendowment.org/2021/03/03/what-is-happening-in-indian-ocean-pub-83948#:~:text=The importance of trade and,as Europe and the Americas. 2/4
At the heart of the geopolitical struggle in the Indian Ocean is the ability to sustain a military presence near the key choke points connecting its
trade routes. Such a presence gives countries the power to protect and disrupt these valuable maritime channels—known as Sea Lines of
Communications (SLOC) protection and SLOC interdiction in naval terms—during times of peace and war.
Which parts of the Indian Ocean are most contested?
Of the world’s seven key choke points for oil transportation, three are in the Indian Ocean.
Today I am uploading a presentation that initially was supposed to be devoted to the tools, tips and hints for cultural diplomacy projects. Then I realised, however, that having students from three continents and a dozen of countries is a resource I cannot underestimate in these classes. I decided to discuss with tchem the importance of culture in international relations, showing that cultural diplomacy is just a tool in a much broader challenge - a challenge of understanding each other and realising values and interests on a broad scale. We spoke of liberalism and contemporary challenges towards the concept. We spoke of traditional attidues, as well as about the meaning of religion. I wanted to tackle Fukuyama, Huntington and Barber, but my students went much further and built a very deep analytical dispute on Huxley. One of my favourite lectures.
Army Futures Command Concept for Maneuver in Multi Domain Operations 2028Neil McDonnell
Neil McDonnell and the GovCon Chamber of Commerce make the Army's Futures Command concept documents available to federal government contractors as they do their "homework" to support the Department of Defense.
National security&accelerating risks of climate change may 2014ngocjos
Climate Change Deemed Growing Security Threat by Military Researchers
The accelerating rate of climate change poses a severe risk to national security and acts as a catalyst for global political conflict by the New York Times
Army Futures Command Concept for Intelligence 2028Neil McDonnell
Neil McDonnell and the GovCon Chamber of Commerce make the Army's Futures Command concept documents available to federal government contractors as they do their "homework" to support the Department of Defense.
acquisition, Technology, Innovation and Great Power Competition,TIGPC, Gordian knot Center, DIME-FIL, INDOPACOM, department of defense, dod, hacking for defense, intlpol 340, joe felter, ms&e296, raj shah, stanford, Steve blank, China, stanford
Coercive diplomacy is the diplomacy of threats. Rather than relying on negotiation, diplomats will sometimes threaten adverse consequences if a demand is not met. Sometimes this works; at other times, it does not.
Factors that influence the success of coercive diplomacy are similar to the factors that influence the success of other types of threats: the threat must be credible, the adverse consequence must be severe enough that the potential recipient really wants to avoid that outcome, and the demand must be clear and possible to meet. Even when these factors are present however, coercive diplomacy is risky. As with other threats, it tends further damage relationships and lead to a potential backlash against the threat and/or the threatening country later on. Backlash can, at times, be limited if the threat is combined with more integrative or exchange-based approaches. If rewards for compliance are offered in addition to the threat for non-compliance, the chances of success may be greater; also if the threat is seen to be legitimate, the chances of success may also rise.
Lecture 2 -Technology, Innovation and Great Power CompetitionStanford University
Matt Pottinger, Matt Turpin, Technology, Innovation and Great Power Competition,TIGPC, Gordian knot Center, DIME-FIL, department of defense, dod, hacking for defense, intlpol 340, joe felter, ms&e296, raj shah, requirements, stanford, Steve blank, China,Xi Jinping, Tobin
strategic importance of indian ocean.pptxMahamAaqil2
What makes the Indian Ocean so strategically important?
The Indian Ocean is a vast theater, stretching from the Strait of Malacca and western coast of Australia in the East to the Mozambique Channel in
the West. It encompasses the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea in the North, all the way down to the southern Indian Ocean.
Indian Ocean Initiative
Along the coasts of this huge geographic expanse are countries that are home to some 2.7 billion people. The Indian Ocean’s key subregions are
South Asia, the Middle East, the eastern coast of Africa, and the islands dotting the ocean from Sri Lanka in the East to the Comoros Archipelago
in the West.
The region’s size and diversity explains its geoeconomic importance. Its regional forum, the Indian Ocean Rim Association, includes countries as
politically and socially different as Australia, Indonesia, Iran, and South Africa, leading to striking new power dynamics. From resource-rich Africa
and the energy-dense Middle East to South Asia’s labor markets and manufacturing industries, the stability of the Indian Ocean is crucial to the
global economy.
Why are countries vying for control over the Indian Ocean?
While it may be difficult today for one nation to control the entire expanse of the Indian Ocean the way the British, French, or Portuguese empires
did during the colonial period, the strategic significance of the Indian Ocean remains the same. In fact, the advent of the Indo-Pacific—the new
geopolitical framework that includes both the Indian and Pacific Oceans—has pushed the Indian Ocean back into the spotlight after a period with
no serious great power competition in the region, following the end of the Cold War.
The importance of trade and the sheer scope of its many subregions make the Indian Ocean critical in terms of military and strategic engagement.
It is a vital trading hub, connecting the Middle East to Southeast and East Asia, as well as Europe and the Americas. Any disruption along its
trading routes will impact the entire globe’s energy security, let alone that of significant economies like China, Japan, and South Korea, which
depend on energy imported primarily via the Malacca strait.
3/19/23, 12:41 PM What Is Happening in the Indian Ocean? - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
https://carnegieendowment.org/2021/03/03/what-is-happening-in-indian-ocean-pub-83948#:~:text=The importance of trade and,as Europe and the Americas. 2/4
At the heart of the geopolitical struggle in the Indian Ocean is the ability to sustain a military presence near the key choke points connecting its
trade routes. Such a presence gives countries the power to protect and disrupt these valuable maritime channels—known as Sea Lines of
Communications (SLOC) protection and SLOC interdiction in naval terms—during times of peace and war.
Which parts of the Indian Ocean are most contested?
Of the world’s seven key choke points for oil transportation, three are in the Indian Ocean.
Today I am uploading a presentation that initially was supposed to be devoted to the tools, tips and hints for cultural diplomacy projects. Then I realised, however, that having students from three continents and a dozen of countries is a resource I cannot underestimate in these classes. I decided to discuss with tchem the importance of culture in international relations, showing that cultural diplomacy is just a tool in a much broader challenge - a challenge of understanding each other and realising values and interests on a broad scale. We spoke of liberalism and contemporary challenges towards the concept. We spoke of traditional attidues, as well as about the meaning of religion. I wanted to tackle Fukuyama, Huntington and Barber, but my students went much further and built a very deep analytical dispute on Huxley. One of my favourite lectures.
Army Futures Command Concept for Maneuver in Multi Domain Operations 2028Neil McDonnell
Neil McDonnell and the GovCon Chamber of Commerce make the Army's Futures Command concept documents available to federal government contractors as they do their "homework" to support the Department of Defense.
National security&accelerating risks of climate change may 2014ngocjos
Climate Change Deemed Growing Security Threat by Military Researchers
The accelerating rate of climate change poses a severe risk to national security and acts as a catalyst for global political conflict by the New York Times
Space Situational Awareness Forum
Following another very successful conference in London in November 2014, Space Situational Awareness 2015 took place in Hyattsville, Maryland in May 2015, with over 60 SSA experts from all over the globe coming together to discuss the most pressing SSA challenges.
With increasing dependence on space-based services, the ability to protect space infrastructure has become essential to our society. Any shutdown of even a part of space infrastructures could have significant consequences for the well-functioning of economic activities and our citizens’ safety, and would impair the provision of emergency services.
However, space infrastructures are increasingly threatened by the risk of collision between spacecraft and more importantly, between spacecraft and space debris. As a matter of fact, space debris has become the most serious threat to the sustainability of certain space activities.
In order to mitigate the risk of collision it is necessary to identify and monitor satellites and space debris, catalogue their positions, and track their movements (trajectory) when a potential risk of collision has been identified, so that satellite operators can be alerted to move their satellites. This activity is known as space surveillance and tracking (SST), and is today mostly based on ground-based sensors such as telescopes and radars.
With a focus on solving the political issues but not ignoring the technical, Space Situational Awareness 2015 the leading gathering of dedicated SSA experts from the USA, Europe and beyond, to discuss and debate the business, political and technical challenges that lie ahead.
Take a look at our previous Space Situation Awareness event…
Who should attend Space Situational Awareness?
Space Situational Awareness 2015 is a community of experts from Government, Space Agencies, Satellite/Spacecraft Operators, Space Lawyers, Space Insurance providers and Defense who are looking to understand and predict the physical location of natural and manmade objects in orbit around the Earth, with the objective of avoiding collisions.
How can you get involved in Space Situational Awareness?
If you feel that you could add to the debate and discussion at Space Situational Awareness, we’d be delighted to hear from you. Please drop us a line on +44(0)7769157787 or email me at adam.plom@coriniumintelligence.com.
When the Australian Defence Force (ADF), the Australian Federal Police (AFP), Australian government agencies and the aid community deploy overseas in response to natural or manmade disasters and complex emergencies, they will frequently operate in the same physical space as one another. A lack of understanding and confusion over stakeholder roles, responsibilities, cultures and terminologies can impede communication and coherent programs and lead to a less effective overall response to key population needs. Issues such as shrinkage of humanitarian space due to restrictions on humanitarian access; perceptions regarding subordination of humanitarian principles; the tensions that arise between political, humanitarian and military objectives within integrated multi-agency stabilisation efforts; and the increase in numbers of organisations and individuals operating in these environments all serve to add a degree of confusion and potential for discord. However, improved mutual understanding of the roles, mandates, principles and objectives of these stakeholders will enhance constructive engagement, dialogue and communication both prior to and during deployments. With this dialogue and communication comes greater opportunity to achieve maximum benefits for people and nations affected by natural disasters and conflict.
To this end, the Asia Pacific Civil-Military Centre of Excellence (APCMCOE) and the Australian Council for International Development (ACFID), in collaboration with the ADF, AFP, the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID), Australian non government organisations (NGOs), and the Australian Red Cross have developed the document, Same Space—Different Mandates. Building and expanding upon a UK Ministry of Defence document, Same Space—Different Mandates aims to improve the collective understanding of the major stakeholders operating in international natural disasters and complex emergencies and through this, to create greater opportunity for constructive engagement amongst them. It is our hope that this document will infl uence policy and become an educational tool to support training and deployment preparation for all stakeholders as well as help inform better fi eld practices through improved collective dial ogue, communication and interaction.
Washington Military Department Evergreen Magazine - Vol. 1 Iss. 3wngpao
The Washington Military Department discuss how they are tackling the tough issue of Cyber Security, Talk in detail about the Cascadia Subduction Zone and Tsunamis and even talk about some young Guardsmen doing some incredible things!
Disaster Management Systems: Building Capacity for Developing Countries and ...Connie White
Some societies are more disaster prone than others due to their geographic location and the benefits provided by it. Man has co-existed in this sort of high risk/high return relationship with mother nature throughout history. Poorer societies tend to pay a higher price both in lives taken and damage – left with many secondary and equally devastating disasters that are sure to come. We know that for every $1 USD put into preventative measures, we save ~$7 that would have gone into post-disaster recovery and rebuilding efforts. There are many international agencies working to support a variety of needs in these grief stricken areas to help them build capacity and to help these societies better prepare for and respond to the disasters they will face. These efforts are guided by the Millennium Project Goals outlined in 2000. A lot has changed since then with respect to technology, mobile devices and humanitarianism. The objective of this paper is exploit how current efforts are creating capacity on the individual, organizational and 'enabling environment' levels. This paper explores the notion that a more concerted effort can be made at building Information and Communication Disaster Management Capacity in developing countries who are most susceptible due to proximity and to a lack of funds. A 'proof of concept' is provided
Similar to Communicating the New Maritime Strategy (20)
An astonishing, first-of-its-kind, report by the NYT assessing damage in Ukraine. Even if the war ends tomorrow, in many places there will be nothing to go back to.
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
Do Linguistics Still Matter in the Age of Large Language Models.pptx
Communicating the New Maritime Strategy
1. Communicating the New Maritime Strategy CDR Cappy Surette Navy Office of Information (CHINFO) 9 July 08
2.
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4. October 17, 2007 Announcement of the new Maritime Strategy October 17, 2007
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8. Theater Security Cooperation/Humanitarian Civil Assistance Missions BOXER FT McHENRY SWIFT SWIFT MERCY KEARSARGE Partnership of the Americas Humanitarian and Civic Assistance (HCA) missions Theater Security Cooperation (TSC) missions New Horizons Africa Partnership Station Continuing Promise Pacific Partnership GEORGE WASHINGTON FARRAGUT KAUFFMAN FORREST SHERMAN ASHLAND
9. Implementing the Strategy Power Projection Sea Control Forward Presence Emerging threats Maritime Security HA/DR Build the future force Maintain operational readiness Develop our people Deterrence Partnership building Our challenge in executing the strategy is we must place equal emphasis on preventing wars as we do winning wars, but never forfeit our ability to do the latter Prevent Win Achieving the right balance
19. Implementation Engaging Key Publics Interagency/Congressional Education Media Direct-to-Public (US ,Int’l) Thought & Business Leaders Internal Military
29. Conversation with the Country Implementation Engaging Key Publics Raleigh/Durham Seattle Portland San Francisco Phoenix Los Angeles Denver Chicago New York City Atlanta Miami Houston
32. Evaluation More than 1200 news clips: Coverage of the Maritime Strategy received wide coverage in multiple mediums covering both mainstream media and new media. Word of the Maritime Strategy reached many locations throughout the nation. It was a measure of success that the discussion reached beyond Washington DC beltway May 2008 Defense Trend Poll found that 24.7 % of Americans had an awareness of the new maritime strategy
33. “… The title of the report aptly describes its essence: A Cooperative Strategy for 21st Century Seapower is all about cooperation between the three maritime services and, more significantly, between the United States and allied nations.” … The U.S. military unveiled a new maritime strategy today -- its first created jointly by the Navy, Marine Corps and Coast Guard -- shifting from a narrow focus on sea combat toward one that also emphasizes the use of "soft power" to counter terrorism and deliver humanitarian assistance . …“ Roughead was backed by Marine Commandant Gen. James T. Conway and Adm. Thad Allen, commandant of the Coast Guard. " Preventing wars is as important as winning wars ," Conway said.” …” The strategy reflects a broader Defense Department effort to use aid, training and other cooperative efforts to encourage stability in fledgling democracies and create relationships around the globe that can be leveraged if a crisis does break out in a region.” Evaluation Notable quotes … “ The Pentagon is moving to change its naval strategy to focus more on preventing conflicts by promoting stability in fledgling democracies and developing potential allies in case of crisis. The plan emphasizes humanitarian missions and improving international cooperation ...” -- Chuck Roberts, CNN Headline News
34. By leveraging existing communication tools and creatively developing and executing a detailed communication plan, CHINFO executed a successful integrated communications strategy. Summary
35.
Editor's Notes
Good Morning/Day/Evening, Today I would like to discuss the new Maritime Strategy with you, giving a short overview of what it is, and then allow time for some discussions. The new Maritime Strategy was signed this past October by the three Maritime Service Chiefs, Admiral Roughead, USN, Admiral Allen, USCG, and General Conway, USMC, who together presented the strategy at the International SeaPower Symposium in Newport 17 October 2007. This significant and strategic milestone, was the culmination of over a year-long effort of academic rigor, in-depth analysis, open and inclusive dialogue, wide ranging competitions of ideas, and an involved leadership that ensured that all aspects of maritime and national interests and guidance were incorporated and included. This strategy reflects all of those inputs, analysis and guidance that we received, discussed and then agreed upon – which has now set the rudder and course for our Sea Services; there is no classified supplement, this is the new Maritime Strategy.
What we know: This slide presents some basic data points that we, as maritime nations, know very well as significant facts that influence our daily lives, the economics of each of our nations, and the global community as a whole. With these facts in mind, among many others related to the importance of the maritime commons, we were challenged by ADM Mullen, then Chief of Naval Operations and now Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, in June 2006 to rethink the Navy’s Strategy -- a strategy that had not been thoroughly revised in a rigorous and academic fashion since the Cold War days of the 1980’s. There have been significant changes across the global spectrum since the, but the data on this slide reinforces the global importance of the maritime domain.
As we developed the foundation for the new maritime strategy, we took an in-depth look at the strategic environment for the next 15 to 20 years. With the Naval War College as the lead for many of our studies, numerous war games and seminars were conducted, many of them open to the public, to look at what were many of the driving influences that would affect our nation, the global commons, and world stability that would help us with the strategy development. What was fairly evident was that within the context of the Strategic Environment, there clearly exists a New Era, an evolved era of global interconnectedness, comprised of an ever-changing set of world military and economic players, shifts in economic centers of gravity, increased competition for resources across the globe, new challenges and dangers to commerce, stability, and peace; with uncertain global climate changes that have the possibility of affecting all of our lives . Tensions of varying levels exists in many nations and across national boundaries with regards to freedom of expression, tolerance, economic growth, and extremism, all with the potential to generate internal conflicts, leading to much larger regional conflicts, ultimately affecting the global system of trade and interconnectedness. We continue to see how governments, non-governmental organizations, international organizations, and public and private sectors are forming interconnected partnerships to address many of these challenges. All of these findings, discussions, and strategic thinking, led us to the conclusion, that there is a global system that is in transition, one that is unsettled, unbalanced, and potentially dangerous, not just to the United States, but to the global community. Our strategy goal, therefore, is to seek a balanced a stable world, one where we can be best postured, trained, and able to promote that stability.
The new Maritime Strategy was agreed upon and signed in October by General Conway, Admiral Allen, and Admiral Roughead and presented at the International SeaPower Symposium – So, what is new with this strategy: We clearly believe that preventing war is as important as winning wars – this does not mean that we have diminished the need for strong military power capable of fighting and winning our Nation’s wars, but that we also believe that it is just as important to prevent those wars from happening as well. The Sea Services also raised the importance of cooperative relationships as the basis for global maritime security – a common goal of all maritime nations regardless of political differences. Maritime nations have always shared common interests on the sea, but all nations rely on the safety of those seas to maintain and enhance their ways of life. We also raise the importance of those missions related to Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Relief to a core element of maritime power – we have always done these missions, and will always do it, just now we will plan and train to do these on a more regular basis. We also see a greater degree of connectedness at all levels of our national power, not just the Sea Services, and not simply Joint, but also at the interagency level across the range of missions that we currently do and will do. Our challenge is therefore to apply SeaPower in a manner that protects U.S. vital and domestic interests, even as it promotes greater collective security, stability, and trust across the globe.
As mentioned earlier, the fact that this document was signed by the heads of the three Sea Services was unique and a precedent setting decision; this acknowledges our strong maritime bond and the need to continue to work more closely together. Writing a single service strategy in itself is a difficult undertaking, but we felt that it was worth the effort to make this strategy more than just a single service view, but a more enduring and comprehensive vision the role and use of the Sea Services. Part of our strategy development was also done with the American Public through our Conversations with the Country and Senior Executive Seminars. This involvement was a great window for us to canvas the nation and look into what the public wants their military to do – first and foremost was the desire for us to protect the homeland and defend their way of life. The strategy also acknowledges that there is a global system of connected economies which depends on the freedom of movement across the maritime commons; undeniably the principal means for the majority of the world’s commerce. With such a global interconnection of economies, shocks to the system caused by conflicts, disasters, and war, affect all of our lives in one way or another. Our vital interests are therefore best served by being around the globe, postured in a way to prevent, deter, limit, and localize conflicts, wars, and disruptions to the system we all rely upon.
Although the Sea Services conduct many missions, the following six capabilities comprise the core of U.S. maritime power and reflect an increase in emphasis on those activities that prevent war and build partnerships : Forward Presence Deterrence Sea Control Power Projection Maritime Security Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Response The first four core elements listed have always been fundamental to our modern Navy, and were essential elements to our Nation in winning the Cold War...and are just as important and essential today. The last two of this list, Maritime Security and Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Response, have now been elevated to core elements by the new maritime strategy – we have always done them, but we will now be more proactive and purposeful in our training, missions, and resourcing of those capabilities associated with them.
There have been, and continue to be, a number of Theater Security Cooperation (TSC) and Humanitarian & Civil Assistance (HCA) missions involving deployments by Navy ships. The Orange and Red dots represent actual locations of TSCs and HCAs planned by Navy Component Commanders utilizing the ships noted on the slide. Current deployments : BOXER is conducting 2-month deployment to SOUTHCOM for HCA missions in Central & South America under Operation Continuing Promise. BOXER has completed HCA missions to Guatemala and El Salvador and will stop in Colombia enroute the final Continuing Promise HCA missions in Peru later this month. While FORT McHENRY & SWIFT completed their role in the Africa Partnership Station TSC to Gulf of Guinea and West Coast of Africa nations, NMCB 74’s Det is still in Monrovia, Liberia. GEORGE WASHINGTON, FARRAGUT & KAUFFMAN conducted Partnership of the Americas TSC events, including UNITAS LANT, as WASHINGTON circumnavigated South America. FARRAGUT & KAUFFMAN are currently participating in UNITAS PAC. ASHLAND’s TSC visits included Madagascar, Mauritius, Comoros, Seychelles, and Kenya. ESSEX ESG (with HARPERS FERRY, JUNEAU & MUSTIN) deployed off Burma for potential HA/DR missions (Operation Caring Response) after the devastation of Tropical Cyclone Nargis. MERCY is currently deployed to the Philippines for Pacific Partnership 08 HCA missions; follow-on HCA stops are scheduled for Vietnam, Singapore, and Papua New Guinea. TORTUGA, JARRETT & FORD are conducting CARAT TSC events in the Philippines, followed by CARAT TSC events in Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei. Future deployments : KEARSARGE will conduct a future HCA deployment to SOUTHCOM later in FY08 called Operation New Horizons. Other Recent Examples of TSC and HCA (or HA/DR) missions : Global Fleet Station/African Partnership Station, US-led response to African nation requests for maritime training. KEARSARGE Tropical Cyclone Sidr Relief Operations in Bangladesh (DEC 07) WASP Hurricane Felix Humanitarian Support to Nicaragua (SEP 07) PELELIU Pacific Partnership 07 (MAY-SEP 07) Partnership of the Americas 07, involving UNITAS LANT, UNITAS PAC and PANAMAX 07 (MAR-SEP 07) COMFORT’s 2007 deployment to SOUTHCOM involving 386,217 Patients Encounters & 98,658 Patients Seen Humanitarian & Civic Assistance (HCA) projects differ from Humanitarian Assistance/Disaster Relief (HA/DR) ops: Medical, dental, veterinary and preventative medicine care provided in rural areas of country (may involve NGOs). Construction of rudimentary surface transportation systems. Well drilling and construction of basic sanitation facilities. Rudimentary construction and repair of public facilities. Theater Security Cooperation (TSC) involves: Assistance that fulfills unit-level training requirements, which incidentally create humanitarian benefit to local populace. Theater Security Cooperation (TSC): All DoD interactions with foreign defense establishments are used to build relationships that promote specific US security interests, develop allied and friendly military capabilities for self-defense and multinational operations, and provide US forces with peacetime and contingency access to a host nation. Theater Security Cooperation (TSC) activity: Military activity that involves other nations and is intended to shape the operational environment in peacetime. Activities include programs and exercises that the US military conducts with other nations to improve mutual understanding and improve interoperability with treaty partners or potential coalition partners. They are designed to support a Combatant Commander’s theater strategy in the Theater Security Cooperation (TSC) plan.
Key Takeaways The Maritime Strategy calls for both high-end investments to meet emerging threats, and low-end investments to build cooperative partnerships; Our current investment portfolio is somewhere in between these two areas. Exacerbated by a fiscally challenged environment, we have difficult choices to make for POM-10 … Our challenge in executing the Maritime Strategy via the PPBE process is to place equal emphasis on preventing wars as we do winning wars, without forfeiting our ability to do the latter.