3. Questionnaire
1) I was mentally involved in the video while
watching it.
2) I could picture myself in the scene as I watched
it.
3) The video affected me emotionally.
4) I wanted to learn how the narrative ended.
5) I found my mind wandering while watching the
video.
6) While watching the video, I was thinking about
the world around me.
5. What does it mean?
Transportation (definition)
Transportation scale adapted from Green &
Brock (2000)
Questions 1 and 2 measured mental
involvement
Questions 3 and 4 measured emotional
involvement
Questions 5 and 6 measured attention
6. History
Like presence, but around for a while
Nell- ludic reading
3 criteria
Physiological and cognitive changes result
Influenced Gerrig (1993), who coined the
term “transportation theory” in his book
Influenced Green & Brock
7. New Media Study
“Integrating Learning and Engagement in
Narrative- Centered Learning Environments”
Rowe et al. 2010
CRYSTAL ISLAND- narrative centered
learning environment
153 students
8. New Media Study
Took pre-test and post-test questionnaires
on microbiology knowledge
Measures of engagement:
Post-test Presence Questionnaire
Post-test Situational Interest Questionnaire
Computer game score
9. Results
Matched pairs t-test on learning gains found
p = .001
Linear regression on prior
knowledge, presence and game score found
p<.001
More engagement = more learning