It is a presentation on cognitive disorder cause and health care related issues in elderly persons in our society.

1. Abdullah-Al-Maswood
ASH1203050M
Session: 2011-12

3. i. Introduction
ii. Objectives of the study
iii. Methodology
iv. Results
v. Discussion
vi. Limitation
vii. Conclusion

4. Bangladesh is a densely populated country having
population of more than 160 million where 8% of
total population are elderly and projected number
of older population in 2050 is 20% of total
population. By 2050, 115 million people worldwide
are expected to have some form of cognitive
impairment, including mild cognitive impairment
and Alzheimer’s disease, which is the most
common form in the aged.
Cognitive impairment is a broad term that
encompasses a multitude of disease, both genetic
and acquired and brain damage caused via
accidents.

5. Classification of cognitive disorders: The three
main areas are outlined by the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of mental disorders are-
I. Delirium;
II. Dementia including Alzheimer’s disease,
Parkinson's disease etc.
III. Amnesia.

6. Causes of Delirium: i) Abuse of medication;
ii) Mental illness.
Causes of Dementia: i) Genetics;
ii) Brain trauma;
iii) Stroke, heart diseases etc.
Causes of Amnesia: i) Traumatic brain injuries;
ii) Post traumatic stress;
iii) Alcoholism.

7. i. Factors associated with cognitive
impairment.

8. Selection of the study
area and study population
Data processing and
analysis
Data collection
Questionnaire
interviews
Sampling and sample
size
Study design

9. Study Area:
A briddhasrom (Amena- Boshor Briddhasrom,
Noapara, Raozan, Chittagong) and door to door
service in Chittagong district were selected for
conducting the survey.
Study Design:
The study was designed by structured
questionnaire as the main tool. Questionnaires
were translated into Bangla during interview.

10. Sample size :
The data were collected from 200
respondents (Male= 130; Female= 70).
Data analysis:
Microsoft excel program were used for
data analysis and for chart, graph &
diagram preparation.

11. 40
24
30
33
Clinical History
Brain stroke
Depression
Diabetic mellitus
Cadiovascular
disease

12. Yes
52%
No
48%
Smoking habit

13. 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Illiterate Literate Highly educative
38.5
46
15.5
Rate of literacy

14. Old age, female gender and a low educational
level are significant risk factors for MCI, VD,
and all-cause dementia.
Management of cardiovascular risk factors
(especially diabetes and hypertension) reduce
the risk of cognitive decline and may reduce
the risk of dementia.
Again, moderate and severe Traumatic brain
injury(TBIs) increase the risk of developing
Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias.

15. Patients with Alzheimer’s disease had a high
intake of meat, sweets and sweetened
beverages, compared with healthy volunteers
who had a high intake of fruits, vegetables and
fish.
Socially and mentally active throughout life may
support brain health and possibly reduce the risk
of Alzheimer’s and other dementias.

16. Smoking is also responsible for cognitive impairment
because cigarettee smoke contains free radicals and
is involved in the generation of oxidative stress
Furthermore, smokers tend to have both a lower
dietary intake and circulation of antioxidants that
neutralize free radicals.
The APOE-e4 genotype, the best known genetic
risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease, may have a
stronger association with Alzheimer’s disease in
women than men. Risk is also higher if a family
person has had the disease.

17. The sample size in this survey was small, and
was certainly not representative of the total
population in the study area. Another
limitation was data were collected only from a
region.

18. Cognitive impairment is as usual with aging.
Several studies show that women face the problem
with cognitive function earlier than the men. It is
our duty to take care of our parents in their
elderly because Allah says, “And your Lord has
decreed that you not worship except Him, and to
parents, good treatment. Whether one or both of
them reach old age [while] with you, say not to
them [so much as], and do not repel them but
speak to them a noble word.
And lower to them the wing of humility out of
mercy and say, "My Lord, have mercy upon them as
they brought me up [when I was] small ‘‘[Surah Al-
Isra (17:23-24)]’’